1,149 research outputs found

    Electronic spectroscopy of carbon chain radicals using cw cavity ring down in conjunction with mass detection

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    The electronic absorption spectrum of the 2A'' − X 2A'' origin band of the nonlinear carbon chain radical C6H4 + was rotationally resolved by cw-CRD spectroscopy [41]. It was analysed using a least-squares method and the rotational constants of the ground and excited states were determined accurately. The 581 nm band observed under the same discharge conditions is assigned to the same electronic transition of C6H4 + but involving the excitation of the ν12 vibrational mode in the upper state based on comparison with ab initio results. The presented data provide a basis for future observations of the C6H4 + radical in both millimeter and infrared regions. A linear time-of-flight mass spectrometer was constructed to provide on-line monitoring of the plasma discharge with a mass resolution of 1 amu at a range up to 120 amu. The results from the acetylene/helium plasma discharge are in good agreement with those obtained using the reflectron TOF mass spectrometer and a similar ion source [42]. To improve the experimental set-up, the following modifications can be made: • Transferring the signal from the oscilloscope directly to a PC via a GPIB card will increase the speed of data processing; • Computer control of the voltage applied will make the spectrometer easier to operate; • Using a metal grid at ground potential in front of MCP detector will increase the flight time of ions improving the mass resolution; • Installing a focusing lens will increase the number of ions arriving at the detector, and therefore increase the signal on the oscilloscope

    Author response

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    To quantify gene regulation, a function is required that relates transcription factor binding to DNA (input) to the rate of mRNA synthesis from a target gene (output). Such a 'gene regulation function' (GRF) generally cannot be measured because the experimental titration of inputs and simultaneous readout of outputs is difficult. Here we show that GRFs may instead be inferred from natural changes in cellular gene expression, as exemplified for the cell cycle in the yeast S. cerevisiae. We develop this inference approach based on a time series of mRNA synthesis rates from a synchronized population of cells observed over three cell cycles. We first estimate the functional form of how input transcription factors determine mRNA output and then derive GRFs for target genes in the clb2 gene cluster that are expressed during G2/M phase. Systematic analysis of additional GRFs suggests a network architecture that rationalizes transcriptional cell cycle oscillations. We find that a transcription factor network alone can produce oscillations in mRNA expression, but that additional input from cyclin oscillations is required to arrive at the native behaviour of the cell cycle oscillator

    In Memoriam: Professor Harold G. Maier

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    Professor Harold Maier founded the student-edited Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law in 1967 and served as its faculty adviser until his retirement in 2005. He was appointed the David Daniels Allen Distinguished Professor of Law in 1988. He was a co-author of Public International Law in a Nutshell (with Thomas Buergenthal, West Publishing) and dozens of journal articles and book chapters, some written in German, which he spoke fluently. Hired in 1965 to develop Vanderbilt\u27s international law program, Maier sought to establish a program to train students interested in an international legal practice and to enable scholarship in international legal studies that would also appeal to a broader base of students. Only a program that combined a full curriculum, diverse faculty members, and broad-based student activities could accomplish all three goals, he wrote in a 1992 article for the Vanderbilt Lawyer magazine. With few resources other than his formidable intellect and force of will, Maier helped form the student International Law Society as well the Journal of Transnational Law and used these early successes to establish a firm foundation for future growth of international studies at Vanderbilt. During his four-decade career, he worked with six deans to build and support a thriving program while also serving the university as chair of the faculty senate, on two provost search committees, and on the law school\u27s faculty appointment committee

    Anti-cancer and antibacterial trioxacarcins with high anti-malaria activity from - a marine Streptomycete and their absolute stereochemistry

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    The ethyl acetate extract from the Streptomyces sp. isolate B8652 delivered the trioxacarcins Asimilar toC (2asimilar to2c) and additionally three new derivatives designated as trioxacarcins Dsimilar toF (2dsimilar to2f). All trioxacarcins showed high anti-bacterial and some of them high anti-tumor and anti-malaria activity. The structures of the new antibiotics were derived from mass, I D and 2D NMR spectra and confirmed by comparison of the NMR data with those of known derivatives. The absolute configuration of the trioxacarcins is deduced from the X-ray analysis of gutingimycin (2g) and from the known stereochemistry of the L-trioxacarcinoses A and B

    Anti-cancer and antibacterial trioxacarcins with high anti-malaria activity from - a marine Streptomycete and their absolute stereochemistry

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    The ethyl acetate extract from the Streptomyces sp. isolate B8652 delivered the trioxacarcins Asimilar toC (2asimilar to2c) and additionally three new derivatives designated as trioxacarcins Dsimilar toF (2dsimilar to2f). All trioxacarcins showed high anti-bacterial and some of them high anti-tumor and anti-malaria activity. The structures of the new antibiotics were derived from mass, I D and 2D NMR spectra and confirmed by comparison of the NMR data with those of known derivatives. The absolute configuration of the trioxacarcins is deduced from the X-ray analysis of gutingimycin (2g) and from the known stereochemistry of the L-trioxacarcinoses A and B

    Julichrome Q(6) glucuronide, a monomeric subunit of the julimycin B-1 complex from a terrestrial treptomyces sp.

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    The terrestrial Streptomyces sp. isolate GW6225 afforded julichrome Q(6) glucuronide (9), the first monomeric member of the julimycin-B complex, and additionally the julichromes Q(1 center dot 2) (7a), Q(1 center dot 5) (7b), and Q(3 center dot 5) (8), which were fully characterized by 2D NMR spectra. Additional new microbial compounds were 4-acetylchrysophanol (6a) and N-phenyl-beta-naphthylamine (10). The isomeric N-phertyl-alpha-naphthylamine (11) was found in the marine Streptomyces sp. B8335 and was also characterized. The high antibiotic activity of Streptomyces sp. GW6225 extracts was probably due to the thiazolyl cyclopeptide nosiheptide

    Unveiling Melodies in Shadows: An Analysis of Swedish Female Composer Amanda Maier’s Sonata for Violin and Piano in B Minor

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    Amanda Maier (1853−1894), a pioneering Swedish violinist and composer of the late nineteenth century, holds a unique place in music history as the first-ever female music director in Sweden. Despite her significant achievements, her compositions have remained relatively unknown. Therefore, the document aims to illuminate Amanda Maier's violin works, focusing on investigating her violin sonata in terms of violin performance and pedagogy. Specifically, the study offers insights into the performance techniques employed and provides other pertinent pedagogical suggestions for each movement. The document features an introductory chapter and a review of the historical context of Maier's life and the violin sonata. Subsequent chapters shift the focus to performance practice and pedagogical suggestions with theoretical analysis. One distinctive feature of the study is the inclusion of practice exercises composed originally by the author, tailored specifically to the techniques found in the sonata. These exercises aid practitioners in incorporating Maier's violin sonata into their program. The study assists violinists in diversifying their performance and teaching literature. It seeks to inspire renewed appreciation for Amanda Maier's artistic legacy because it is important to recognize the remarkable contributions of women in the classical music industry, and Amanda Maier, an underrepresented composer, exemplifies this. The document not only contributes to music research but also enhances pedagogical practices, fostering a more inclusive and equitable environment for female composers in the classical music world

    AICHR in October 2015 – change or continuity in the diplomatic club?

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    For more about the East-West Center, see http://www.eastwestcenter.org/Naila Maier-Knapp, author of Southeast Asia and the European Union, explains that "because ASEAN governments have built trust towards the ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights' opportunity to showcase their commitment to people-orientation, space for human rights discourse could increase in the years to come.
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