1,721,539 research outputs found
Planning with or against property rights
No full textSceptics could argue that scarcity is inherent to our (mainly) materialist approach to the environment and to natural resources. Indeed, a specific scientific discipline has evolved to deal with scarcity – economics, ‘the study of scarcity, of how societies make choices concerning how to use their limited resources’ (Stiglitz 1988: 10). Therefore, a new book on scarcity could only be redundant. But this book has a particular take on the scarcity of land. It does not focus on land markets and their ability to allocate scare resource units. Markets play a surprisingly limited role in the different contributions of this book, because land is not a typical good. Rather this book seeks to question how planners and other actors deal with the scarcity of land in their everyday practice
A co-evolving frontier between land and water : dilemmas of flexibility versus robustness in flood risk management
No full textFloods cause enormous damage on land and thus question the boundary between land and water in an extreme way. As floods increase in frequency and intensity, flood risk management must change from a resistance-based approach to a resilience approach. Whereas land uses require robust boundaries between land and water, the changing water system demands more flexible boundaries. This contribution discusses this tension from a theoretical perspective of resilience and co-evolution, using a socio-ecological systems approach. This offers a new perspective on the co-evolving frontier between land and water
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Building obligations in Switzerland: Overcoming the passivity of plan implementation
No full textSwitzerland finds itself confronted with a seemingly paradoxical situation: the building zone is too large while at the same time, there is not enough land available for structural development. Traditional planning instruments are failing in the face of this dilemma. A land policy approach by means of a building obligation shall provide redress and has been introduced in two places in the course of the SPA-revision. A building obligation has been added as a condition for the extension of the building zone. Additionally, there is an explicit task for the existing building zone, the building obligation must be incorporated into the cantonal planning and building law and the municipalities shall be able to apply to it. Considering Rothenbrunnen GR as a specific practical example also reveals that it is not the actual application that matters but rather the applicability and that building land can be mobilised (even if indirectly) by means of a building obligation
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
- …
