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Harrow, Kenneth W. - Thresholds of Change in African Literature. The Emergence of a Tradition
No full textMartin-Granel Nicolas. Harrow, Kenneth W. - Thresholds of Change in African Literature. The Emergence of a Tradition. In: Cahiers d'études africaines, vol. 35, n°140, 1995. Encrages. pp. 946-950
Towards Alternative Histories and Herstories of African Filmmaking
Get PDFWithin African film studies, it has become commonplace to draw a distinction between the radical political agenda of the first African filmmakers, in the 1960s, and the more diffuse, less ideological interests of more contemporary filmmakers. In a decolonizing spirit that respects heterogeneity, this chapter aims to reveal the potential for alternative and more complex histories and herstories of African filmmaking to emerge, through the incorporation of new methodologies that draw together the overlapping activities of theory and practice. Through revisiting the early writings of African filmmaker/scholar Paulin Soumanou Vieyra, it starts with the concept of bricolage – a concept which embraces the epistemic potential of undisciplining boundaries between theory and immersion in the “object” of one's theorizing – festivals, in Vieyra's case. The chapter then traces acts of bricolage through the history of African film scholarship, emphasizing in particular acts of bricolage by female thinkers and filmmakers who have too frequently been erased from accounts of African film history. In the contemporary moment, the chapter argues, these acts of bricolage have contributed to a “curatorial turn” in film scholarship more broadly. Instead of simply writing about and interpreting films in conventional ways, many scholars have become aware both of the power and pleasure involved in approaching films from curatorial perspectives that allow for a more personal, embodied, and emotional response to films. At the same time, the chapter emphasizes the continued importance of conventional film criticism to our methodology as film scholars, since critique can allow the necessary distance to consider, rigorously, the object of study in all its dimensions and depth
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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