54,278 research outputs found
MINIMUM WAGE AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION IN THE HARRIS-TODARO MODEL
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of a change in the minimum wage on income distribution and employment in a developing economy. The basic framework of our analysis is the original Harris-Todaro model, in which the only factor that is intersectorally mobile is labor. We analyze the effects of a change in the minimum wage on income distribution, sectoral employment and unemployment, both in the framework of a small open economy, and with endogenous commodity-price changes. Our findings differ from the results of the existing literature and shed light on the complex interaction between the urban and the rural sector of a developing economy.Minimum Wage, Economies of Scale, Urban Unemployment
The Harris-Todaro Hypothesis
No full textThe Harris-Todaro hypothesis replaces the equality of wages by the equality of ‘expected’ wages as the basic equilibrium condition in a segmented but homogeneous labour market, and in so doing it generates an equilibrium level of urban unemployment when a mechanism for the determination of urban wages is specified. This article reviews work in which the Harris-Todaro hypothesis is embedded in canonical models of trade theory in order to investigate a variety of issues in development economics. These include the desirability (or the lack thereof) of foreign investment, the complications of an informal sector, and the presence of clearly identifiable ethnic groupsHarris-Todaro, Wages, Labour Economics, Labour Market, Rural to Urban Migration
The Harris-Todaro Hypothesis
No full textThe Harris-Todaro hypothesis replaces the equality of wages by the equality of ‘expected’ wages as the basic equilibrium condition in a segmented but homogeneous labour market, and in so doing it generates an equilibrium level of urban unemployment when a mechanism for the determination of urban wages is specified. This article reviews work in which the Harris-Todaro hypothesis is embedded in canonical models of trade theory in order to investigate a variety of issues in development economics. These include the desirability (or the lack thereof) of foreign investment, the complications of an informal sector, and the presence of clearly identifiable ethnic groups.Harris-Todaro; Wages; Labour Economics; Labour Market; Rural to Urban Migration
The Harris-Todaro Hypothesis
No full textThe Harris-Todaro hypothesis replaces the equality of wages by the equality of expected wages as the basic equilibrium condition in a segmented but homogeneous labour market, and in so doing it generates an equilibrium level of urban unemployment when a mechanism for the determination of urban wages is specified. This article reviews work in which the Harris-Todaro hypothesis is embedded in canonical models of trade theory in order to investigate a variety of issues in development economics. These include the desirability (or the lack thereof) of foreign investment, the complications of an informal sector, and the presence of clearly identifiable ethnic groups.Harris-Todaro, Wages, labour economics, Labour Market, Rural to Urban Migration
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Robust identification for linear-in-the-parameters models
No full textIn this paper new robust nonlinear model construction algorithms for a large class of linear-in-the-parameters models are introduced to enhance model robustness, including three algorithms using combined A- or D-optimality or PRESS statistic (Predicted REsidual Sum of Squares) with regularised orthogonal least squares algorithm respectively. A common characteristic of these algorithms is that the inherent computation efficiency associated with the orthogonalisation scheme in orthogonal least squares or regularised orthogonal least squares has been extended such that the new algorithms are computationally efficient. A numerical example is included to demonstrate effectiveness of the algorithms. Copyright (C) 2003 IFAC
Track data for OTI T cell migration in the brain during T. gondii infection
No full textThe data contained in this spreadsheet are of the -x, -y, and -z coordinates of fluorescent T cells migrating in the brains of Toxoplasma gondii infected C57BL/6 mice. Mice were infected with a parasite strain expressing ovalbumin (Pru-OVA) for four weeks. Activated GFP-expressing OT-I T cells were transferred to the mice and imaged by multiphoton microscopy seven days later. Microscopy was performed on explanted brain as described in Harris, et al. Nature. 2012. In this dataset, each T cell has a track ID that corresponds to a single cell. The three-dimensional coordinates are provided along with the corresponding time series.THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV
A new approach for estimating northern peatland gross primary productivity using a satellite-sensor-derived chlorophyll index
No full textCarbon flux models that are largely driven by remotely sensed data can be used to estimate gross primary productivity (GPP) over large areas, but despite the importance of peatland ecosystems in the global carbon cycle, relatively little attention has been given to determining their success in these ecosystems. This paper is the first to explore the potential of chlorophyll-based vegetation index models for estimating peatland GPP from satellite data. Using several years of carbon flux data from contrasting peatlands, we explored the relationships between the MERIS terrestrial chlorophyll index (MTCI) and GPP, and determined whether the inclusion of environmental variables such as PAR and temperature, thought to be important determinants of peatland carbon flux, improved upon direct relationships. To place our results in context, we compared the newly developed GPP models with the MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer) GPP product. Our results show that simple MTCI-based models can be used for estimates of interannual and intra-annual variability in peatland GPP. The MTCI is a good indicator of GPP and compares favorably with more complex products derived from the MODIS sensor on a site-specific basis. The incorporation of MTCI into a light use efficiency type model, by means of partitioning the fraction of photosynthetic material within a plant canopy, shows most promise for peatland GPP estimation, outperforming all other models. Our results demonstrate that satellite data specifically related to vegetation chlorophyll content may ultimately facilitate improved quantification of peatland carbon flux dynamics
On The Removal of Agricultural Price Bands in Chile: A General Equilibrium Analysis
No full textChile has supported its agriculture with the use of price bands on selected commodities namely wheat, vegetable oils and fats, and sugar. In this paper we consider agricultural reform and how urban unemployment, and rural-urban migration, may alter the expected welfare effects of agricultural reform. We utilize a new CGE model of the Chilean economy based on the Harris-Todaro ramework, incorporating imperfect labor mobility, and consider both price band removal and more extensive agricultural reform that eliminates all tariffs on agricultural and food commodities in Chile. Results show that if trade reforms damage the rural economy in Chile, potential gains in welfare from lower agricultural prices are offset by increased urban unemployment and lower rural wages resulting in net welfare loss from trade reform.
Spatially-localized time dependent solutions including turbulence and their interactions in 2D Kolmogorov flow
No full textIn 2D Kolmogorov flow in small aspect ratio domains, spatially-localized solutions such as kink, traveling or time-dependent kink-antikink pars coexist. However, the conservation of the flow rate in the y direction strongly restrict combination of localized solutions and their positioning. We find that by adding a homogeneous flow U y their positioning is controlled and each of localized solutions including a spatially-localized chaos is isolated. Numerical results suggest that these isolated solutions can be elements constructing a whole flow
Leading Multiple Generations in the Australian Rail Workplace
No full textThe emergence of multi-generational organisations and the need for leaders to develop ‘generational competence’ is a contentious topic in the literature. Academics argue that multi-generation organisations are nothing new and warn us of the dangers of making sweeping generalisations about the behaviours and outlook of people who belong to a particular age classification. Conversely, market surveys and consulting reports, primarily led from the USA, claim the existence of such a growing phenomenon and suggest that organisations must treat different cohorts of employees in a way that capitalises on their age-related values and working preferences. These studies have given rise to popular terms such as Baby Boomers and Generation X and Y.
This chapter draws on research findings to uncover how one industry in Australia is dealing with a workforce of four generations. We comment on how the rapidly ageing industry is facing major challenges in transferring tacit knowledge and skills from one generation to the next and how workforce development activities accommodate the needs of different age groups such as attracting apprentices, up-skilling returning workers and assisting those who are ready to retire. The findings remind us of the need to plan and prepare for career transitions at all generational levels
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