13 research outputs found
Entrepreneurial Networks of University Spin-offs: How Social Networks Affect the Growth of Firms
No full textKnowledge can be valorized in many different ways. University spin-offs have proven to be very effective as the knowledge generated in a university or research institute is directly translated into commercial activities. In addition, university spin-offs have played an important role in the economic and innovation growth of the region. While much effort has been taken to support the creation and survival of university spin-offs, there is still limited understanding regarding the factors that contribute to their growth. This study particularly intends to understand how university spin-offs use their networks in order to find resources needed for growth. By using a sample of spin-offs from two universities, TU Delft the Netherlands and NTNU Trondheim, Norway, a set of model is explored with a focus on characteristics of social networks through which knowledge is acquired, like tightness, strength, heterogeneity and spatial orientation. This is followed by an exploration on the role of social networks of university spin-offs in two different urban environment and development stages. The results indicate that loose networks, weak relationships and heterogeneous backgrounds of network partners enhance growth. In addition, this study found more differences than similarities in the social network profile and in its influence on growth, and in this sense a contrasting urban environment and development stage of spin-offs matters.Innovation SystemsTechnology, Policy and Managemen
Social networks' openness, university entrepreneurship and differences between regional innovation systems
No full textEnhancing the establishment and growth of spin-off firms from university is receiving an increased attention in local and regional policy today. University spin-off firms are typically in short of resources, reason why social networks play a vital role in their early growth. There is however a lack of understanding of the profile of these networks in different segments of these firms. Building on a resource-based perspective and the concept of open innovation, we explore differences between two types of spin-off firms: highly innovative ones and medium-to-low-innovative ones. The results indicate a smaller growth among highly innovative spin-offs as an impact of among others more homogeneous and more often locally oriented networks. This situation calls for opening of the social networks and gradually growing business networks. The paper speculates on how open innovation and the specific model of living labs may be helpful in this strategy, but also how different urban areas (high versus low density) may influence such strategy.Innovation SystemsTechnology, Policy and Managemen
Hubungan antara Faktor Sosio Ekonomi Ibu terhadap Pengetahuan Mengenai Tuberkulosis
Get PDFTuberkulosis (TB) dan kematian akibat infeksinya merupakan masalah kesehatan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan mengenai TB denganfaktor sosio-ekonomi. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional dengan sampel 2419 ibu yangdipilih secara acak menggunakan sistem polygonal random sampling dari 11 kelurahan terpadat diJakarta Timur. Data diuji dengan chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hanya 335 responden(14%) yang menjawab seluruh pertanyaan dengan benar dan berhubungan dengan status kerja, penghasilan keluarga, pendidikan terakhir dan sumber informasi. Pengetahuan mengenai TB yang tinggi berhubungan dengan status ibu yang tidak bekerja (p=0,004 RP 0,894 IK95% 0,83;0,97),penghasilan keluarga yang tinggi (p<0,001 RP 1,33 IK95% 1,12;1,15), pendidikan terakhir yangtinggi (p<0,001 RP 1,41 IK95% 1,31; 1,51), dan mendapatkan informasi (p<0,001 RP 0,082IK95% 0,037; 0,178). Pengetahuan yang benar mengenai TB masih rendah dan televisi berperanbesar dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan mengenai TB pada ibu di Jakarta Timur. Disimpulkanpengetahuan mengenai TB berhubungan dengan faktor-faktor sosio ekonomik ibu dan dapatditingkatkan dengan sumber informasi yang tepat
Academic spin-offs at different ages: A case study in search of key obstacles to growth
Get PDFSupport to enhance early growth of academic spin-off firms is at the core of many economic policies. Efficiency of this support has been recently questioned due to slow growth of spin-off firms in various European countries. However, despite many studies to improve support, there is virtually no empirical insight into resistance of obstacles that constrain growth over time and how this differs between distinct types of spin-offs. This article explores the incidence and nature of obstacles to growth in a cross-section and longitudinal approach, and uses Delft University of Technology (the Netherlands) as a case study. We find evidence that (1) the overall ability to overcome obstacles decreases at the age of four, most probably reflecting the rise of the so-called credibility juncture, and that (2) highly innovative spin-offs start with an accumulation of obstacles but move relatively quickly to sustainable growth. The paper concludes with recommendations for the design of new (renewed) incubation policies and for further research
Triple helix interaction: Importance of spin-off firms networks and the university as partner
No full textValues, Technology and InnovationTechnology, Policy and Managemen
Webs of Innovation and Value Chains of Additive Manufacturing under Concideration of RRI: D2.1 Literature review
No full textFour extensive literature reviews on factors for innovation success in terms of market, strategic and social impact for additive manufacturing were performed where the focus lies on three levels of analysis; (inter)organizational, business model, and project.I AM RRI Identifier: IAMRRI_D2_1_V2_Final Version date: 14.03.2019 Work package: WP2Economics of Technology and Innovatio
The impact of strategic decisions on construction client satisfaction: an assessment framework
Get PDFA thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of
the requirements of the University of Wolverhampton
for the degree of Doctor of PhilosophyFor some considerable time, client satisfaction has been a problematic issue in the UK construction industry with many projects failing to satisfy the client needs and meet or exceed the client expectations. Client satisfaction is, however, a key performance measure and a major determinant of project success. There is a common belief that strategic decisions made by clients have a significant impact on the levels of client satisfaction. Strategic decisions in the context of construction projects are often associated with project stages including pre-design, design, tender, construction, occupancy & maintenance and disposal and vary in nature. Consequently the impact of strategic decisions on client satisfaction depends as much on timing as on the subjects of the decisions. While such findings are useful to facilitate the industry’s focus on addressing the failure in achieving client satisfaction, and point to the route for improvement, they are arbitrary and do not provide a systematic basis for investigating the real impact on client satisfaction. The nature of strategic decisions and the significance of its impact on client satisfaction have not been clearly identified and client satisfaction has remained an elusive issue for a majority of construction professionals. This research was hence undertaken to seek empirical evidence of an interrelationship between strategic decisions and client satisfaction. Defining strategic decisions, often associated with project stages, as ones that are complex and made under uncertainty and have a long-term impact on project success, a quantitative research methodology combined with qualitative approaches, was adopted in investigating the interrelationship between strategic decisions and client satisfaction. Findings of a detailed literature review revealed that client satisfaction at any stage depends as much on the service quality attributes of service providers including overall service delivery, people of service providers and communications with clients as on the influence of strategic decisions and the client itself. These performance attributes and the groups of strategic decisions, referred as strategic decision cluster (SDC), were further assessed and the relationships between these measures and strategic decisions were examined using factor analysis and multiple regression modelling techniques. Analyses revealed SDCs including Design Approach, Procurement and Implementation predict better the outcomes of service quality and hence higher levels of client satisfaction. Service delivery and communications with clients have a positively significant correlation with the levels of client satisfaction. Of these two attributes, communications with clients makes the largest unique contribution to the variance and is considered the better predictor for client satisfaction. The developed models is validated via external and internal validation and the findings support the thesis that strategic decisions have a impact on client satisfaction by strongly influencing the performance of service quality although causality cannot be assumed. It is recommended that service providers including contractors and consultants devote more efforts to improve their performance on the attributes of service quality identified as having significant association with client satisfaction, particularly service delivery and communications with clients. Further research efforts focusing on providing a practical tool or expert system so as to address the practical issues for a wider range of clients and service providers are also recommended
Hubungan antara Faktor Sosio Ekonomi Ibu terhadap Pengetahuan Mengenai Tuberkulosis
No full textTuberkulosis (TB) dan kematian akibat infeksinya merupakan masalah kesehatan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan mengenai TB denganfaktor sosio-ekonomi. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional dengan sampel 2419 ibu yangdipilih secara acak menggunakan sistem polygonal random sampling dari 11 kelurahan terpadat diJakarta Timur. Data diuji dengan chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hanya 335 responden(14%) yang menjawab seluruh pertanyaan dengan benar dan berhubungan dengan status kerja, penghasilan keluarga, pendidikan terakhir dan sumber informasi. Pengetahuan mengenai TB yang tinggi berhubungan dengan status ibu yang tidak bekerja (p=0,004 RP 0,894 IK95% 0,83;0,97),penghasilan keluarga yang tinggi (p<0,001 RP 1,33 IK95% 1,12;1,15), pendidikan terakhir yangtinggi (p<0,001 RP 1,41 IK95% 1,31; 1,51), dan mendapatkan informasi (p<0,001 RP 0,082IK95% 0,037; 0,178). Pengetahuan yang benar mengenai TB masih rendah dan televisi berperanbesar dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan mengenai TB pada ibu di Jakarta Timur. Disimpulkanpengetahuan mengenai TB berhubungan dengan faktor-faktor sosio ekonomik ibu dan dapatditingkatkan dengan sumber informasi yang tepat. Kata kunci: tuberkulosis, pengetahuan, Jakarta Timur, status kerja, penghasilan keluarga, tingkatpendidikan, sumber informasi Relationship between Socio Economic Factors with the Mother’s Knowledge about Tuberculosis Abstract Tuberculosis and deaths caused by its infection is major problem in Indonesia. This study was done to describe the association between socio economic factors and tuberculosis’ knowledge. Thedesign of this study was cross-sectional survey. Research subjects were 2419 housewives from11 most populated districts within East-Jakarta selected at random by using polygonal randomsampling. Result showed that 335 respondents (14%) answered correct all question regardingetiology, curability, transmission and length of treatment. Chi-square test showed that tuberculosis’knowledge was significantly associated with level of formal education, employment status, monthlyincome level, and information source. Better knowledge of tuberculosis was significantly related withunemployment (p 0,004 PR 0,894 CI95% 0,83;0,97), high level of monthly income (p < 0,001 PR 1,33CI95% 1,12;1,15), high level of formal education (p < 0,001 PR 1,41 CI95% 1,31; 1,51) and receivinginformation about TB (p < 0,001 PR 0,082 CI95% 0,037; 0,178). Overall, level of tuberculosisknowledge without misconception on housewives within East Jakarta is low. Level of tuberculosisknowledge related to socioeconomic status and can be improved by effective source of information. Keywords: tuberculosis, knowledge, east jakarta, employment status, family income, educationlevel, source of informatio
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Total quality environmental management (TQEM) framework towards sustainability (UK novated D&B principal contractors)
No full textTo reduce the substantial environmental damage of the built environment, contractors have to comply with an increasing number of environmental building regulations. Apart from the purely practical implications of compliance, there is a perception of a gap emerging from not joining up the construction cycle with management-based solutions for performance development, especially in newer areas of interest such as the environment and sustainability. Research has shown that out of the variety of the procurement routes the UK construction industry offers, there has been a continuous increase in the use of novated Design-and-Build (D&B) over the last 15 years. Many clients regard it as providing value for money and the contractors see it as an opportunity to apply their key strengths in management and coordination of design and construction works. The situation of high adoption of D&B, despite its poor quality and environmental performance, motivated this research to develop a management-based solution for performance improvement from the novated D&B principal contractors’ perspective
Development of cost benefit analysis model of accident prevention on construction projects
Get PDFA thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Wolverhampton for the degree of Doctor of PhilosophyThe Health and Safety Executive estimated the annual cost to British employers and other duty holders failing to comply with health and safety requirements to be up to £18 billion. It is estimated that the construction industry contributed £2billion of these appalling statistics. To date, health and safety management is still perceived as being costly and counterproductive in the construction industry. This research investigated the net benefit of accident prevention and explored the relationship between preventative costs and these benefits, with a view to drawing attention to the economic consequences of effective/ineffective management of health and safety by contractors in the UK construction industry. The need to investigate the cost of accident prevention in relation to overall benefits of accident prevention is therefore deemed necessary. A quantitative research methodology was employed in investigating these costs and benefits within the UK construction industry. From the ratio analysis small contractors spend relatively higher proportions of their turnover in total on accident prevention than medium and large contractors, and medium contractors spend a higher proportion of their turnover in total on accident prevention than large contractors. The results also show that medium and small contractors gain relatively higher proportions of their turnover in total as benefits of accident prevention than large contractors. The benefits of accident prevention far outweigh the costs of accident prevention by a ratio approximately 3:1. The relationships between these costs and benefits were examined. The costs of accident prevention were found to be positively and significantly (P < 0.005) associated with benefits of accident prevention. These associations were modelled using simple linear regression, and from these models it can be inferred from the results that the more contractors spend on accident prevention the more they derive benefits of accident prevention, which would improve health and safety performance on construction sites. ii The developed model was subsequently validated using experts and practitioners opinion from the UK construction industry. This developed model should provide good guidance to assist contractors in developing effective and efficient health and safety management for UK construction industry
