50 research outputs found
Penyakit Antraknosa (Colletotrichum spp.) pada Tanaman Cabai di Kabupaten Ogan Ilir
No full textHamidson et al, 2019. Anthracnose Disease (Colletotrichum spp.) of Chilli (Capsicum annum L) in Ogan Ilir District. pp. 129-137.Anthracnose disease is one of the obstacles in the production of red chili in the field, and is ranked first among fungal diseases. This study aims to determine the procedures and habits of farmers in cultivating red chilli plants in the field, namely the layout of the mounds and evaluation of the use of fungicides. Plant samples were taken randomly for each plot of 80 plants the plants were every harvesting six times for 3. The percentage of disease incidence, disease severity and the extent of the curvature of the anthracnose disease (incidence and severity of the disease) showed a significant difference in the order of the mound plot. The results of evaluating the use of fungicides in vitro showed a significant difference in growth inhibitors of Colletotrichum spp
Epidemiologi Penyakit Daun Disebabkan Jamur pada Tanaman Jagung di Kecamatan Indralaya Utara Kabupaten Ogan Ilir
No full textHamidson H, Suwandi S, Nurhayati N. 2020. Epidemiology of leaves caused by fungi in corn plants in Indralaya Utara Ogan Ilir district. In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-8 Tahun 2020, Palembang 20 Oktober 2020. pp. xx. Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI).This study aims to observe the development of disease in maize plants caused by fungi related to the epidemiology of leaves diseases caused by fungi in corn plants in Indralaya Utara District, Ogan Ilir Regency. The low production of maize is caused by the attack of plant-disturbing organisms from both pests and diseases. The survey results showed that two maize diseases were leaf blight and leaf rust. Leaf blight can reduce production by up to 50%. Leaf blight (Helminthosporium sp; Bipolaris sp; Exserohilum sp) and leaf rust disease (Puccinia sp). The highest incidence percentage was found in plants aged 60 DAS at 16.64%. The results of the seed health tests of the six types of corn seeds observed were Annom and Sukanegara seeds growing faster, Annom seeds growing faster on the surface of the seeds followed by Bisma, Lamuru, and Srikandi Kuning seeds. Annom seeds mostly carried seed fungi that grew on the seed surface followed by Bonanza seeds. Types of fungi carried by the seeds, namely Aspergillus sp; Penicellium sp; Trichoderma sp; Diplodia sp; and Bipolaris sp
Inokulasi Silang Patogen Collectotrichum gloeosporioides pada Tanaman Karet, Cabai Merah, Pepaya, dan Pisang
No full textHamidson H, Singarimbu M, Umayah A. 2021. Cross-inoculation of the pathogen collectotrichum gloeosporioides in rubber, red chilli, papaya, and banana plant. In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 Tahun 2021, Palembang 20 Oktober 2021. pp. 142-153. Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI).The aim of this study was to determine the relationship and the level of virulence of C. gloeosporioides on rubber, chili, papaya, and banana plants. The study used a factorial randomized block design consisting of two factors. The factors included 4 types of inoculum sources and 4 types of host plant factors. The results of observations on the growth of C. gloeospporioides on PDA media showed that C. gloeosporioides as a source of banana inoculum had the highest growth rate of 16.8 mm/day followed by papaya 14.29 mm/day, rubber 9.04 mm/day and chili 6.69 mm. /day. The fastest incubation period from the chili inoculum source was in the CbiPp 4 hsi treatment, from the rubber inoculum source was in the KiPp 6 hsi treatment, from the papaya inoculum source was in the PpiK 4 hsi treatment, and from the banana inoculum source was in the PsiK and PsiPp 4 hsi treatment. Observation of the number of spots showed not insignificant effect on the inoculum source factor, significant effect on the plant factor the interaction between the two factors. Observation of spot diameter showed a very significant influence on the inoculum source factor, plants and their interactions. Cluster analysis using hierarchical method showed that Ppi and Psi were very close, slightly far from Cbi and very far from Ki. The relationship of each plant could be seen in chili and banana which were very close, a bit far from rubber plants and very far from papaya plants. The closeness of C. gloeosporioides to the host indicated by the correspondence analysis was seen between Ki and papaya, Cbi to chili, Psi to rubber and Ppi closer to papaya
Perkembangan Beberapa Penyakit Daun Jagung Disebabkan Oleh Jamur Di Kecamatan Indralaya Utara Kabupaten Ogan Ilir
No full textHamidson H, Suwandi S, Effendy TA. 2019. Development of some corn leaf diseases caused by mushrooms in north Indralaya Sub-District Ogan Ilir District. In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal 2019, Palembang 4-5 September 2019. pp. 528-534. Palembang: Unsri Press. There have not been many reported of losses from corn disease. These diseases fluctuate from one place to another and from time to time, including leaf rust, Helminthosporium leaf blight, stem rot, cob rot by Diplodia, Ustilago, Aspergillus, etc., and viral diseases and fungi as well as. nematode root rot. This research was conducted to find types of diseases that attack the leaves of corn caused by fungi during generative phase. Information would include type and level of the disease. Plant samples were taken randomly for 50 mounds of mounds and observations were made with vulnerable time for seven days. The incidence of diseases found in the generative phase of corn plants were leaf rust (Puccinia polysora) and leaf blight (Bipolaris maydis Synonym Helminthosporium maydisY. Nisik. & C. Miyake). The percentage of incidence of the disease indicates that leaf rust disease in each village follows the include Tj. Pring, Tj. Senai, and Tj. Birds which were abouth: 83.15%; 80.42%; and 79.90%. Leaf disease in each village as follows: village Tj. Pring, Tj. Senai, and Tj. Bird: 52.02%; 86.79%; and 88.78%. The severity of the disease showed that leaf rust disease in each village as follows the village of Tj. Pring, Tj. Senai, and Tj. Birds: 50.98%; 47.22%; and 49.37%. Leaf disease in each village were as follows: village Tj. Pring, Tj. Senai, and Tj. Bird: 52.02%; 55.12%; and 55.30%. The incidence and severity of the disease indicate differences in disease progression in each village.Keywords: puccinia polysora, bipolaris maydis synonym helminthosporium maydis, cor
Insidensi dan Identifikasi Penyakit Layu pada Terong (Solanum melongena L.) di Desa Tanjung Pering, Kabupaten Ogan Ilir, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
No full textHamidson H, Adrian R, Umayah A, Gunawan B. 2022. Insidence and identification of wilt disease in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) in Tanjung Pering Village, Ogan Ilir Regency, South Sumatera. In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-10 Tahun 2022, Palembang 27 Oktober 2022. pp. 963-973. Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI).Wilt disease of the Fusarium group is a necrotrophic plant disease that has a wide host range and distribution throughout the world. This pathogen can infect at least 408 plant species worldwide. This field practice aims to determine the percentage level and intensity of attack and identify the cause of wilt disease in eggplant in Tanjung Pering Village, North Indralaya District, Ogan Ilir Regency, South Sumatra Province. The method used in this field practice is carried out by conducting a survey or direct observation in the field to calculate the percentage level and intensity of wilt disease attack on eggplant, then identification is carried out at the Phytopathology Laboratory of the Department of Pests and Plant Diseases, and infectious tests are carried out in experimental land to prove pathogens. cause of wilt disease in eggplant. The results of this field, the cause of wilt disease in eggplant in Tanjung Pering Village, North Indralaya District, Ogan Ilir Regency is caused by the fungus Fusarium sp with an average percentage of wilt disease of 42.54% and an average intensity of wilt disease of 40.90% in the field
Examination of Multiple Rice Varieties (Oryza sativa L.) to the Development of Leaf Blight Disease Caused by Curvularia oryzae
No full textHamidson H, Effendy E, Dewi WN, Ayundra SD. 2020. Test of multiple rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.) to the development of leaf blight disease caused by curvularia oryzae. Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal : Journal of Suboptimal Lands 9(2): 109-116.  Rice is the main food commodity in Indonesia, since the majority of Indonesian populations use rice as their staple food. One of the common diseases that attack rice plants is leaf blight caused by pathogenic Curvularia oryzae. The objective of this research was to determine the reaction of five varieties of rice resistance to diseases caused by Curvularia oryzae. This research was conducted at Experimental Research Station and Phytopathology Laboratory of the Departement of Plant Pest and Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University from August to December 2016. Randomized block design was applied in this experiment by using 5 treatments and 10 replications. The Results showed that the highest percentage of leaf blight disease occured in P3 (Inpari 30) by 22,36% and the lowest percentage was found in P5 (varieties IR 10) by 2,85%.Â
Response of Three Sweet Maize Varieties to Leaf Blight (Exserohilum turcicum) Planted in Freshwater Swamps of South Sumatra
No full textPlanting resistant varieties is the most effective control method and is recommended because it is safe for the environment. The problem to be raised in this study was the use of the same variety of maize in every growing season by farmers. The use of one of these varieties could cause a decrease in yield due to the resistance of the variety to certain pests and diseases. This study aimed to provide information in the form of the use of sweet maize varieties resistant to leaf blight and potential to be planted in the swampy lowland of South Sumatra. The varieties used in this study were Bonanza F1, MB-01 Sweet and Love Sweet varieties. Based on the results of the study, as a whole the use of several varieties had a significant effect on the severity of leaf blight. The results of this study showed that there were differences in the response to resistance of each variety to leaf blight caused by the fungus Exserohilum turcicum. The observation of disease severity was carried out only in the vegetative phase. The highest disease severity was found in the Bonanza, Love Sweet, and MB-01 Sweet varieties at 16.90%, 9.99% and 7.07% respectively. The production data showed that there was no significant effect on the leaf blight. The MB-01 Sweet variety had the potential to be planted on swampy soil because it had resistance to blight and had a high production rate
Teknik Budidaya Petani Tanaman Karet (Hevea brasiliensis) terhadap Hama dan Penyakit di Kecamatan Tanjung Batu, Kabupaten Ogan Ilir
No full textArsi A, SHK Suparman , Hamidson H, Gunawan B, Pujiastuti Y, Pratama R, Mauluddin M. 2022. Rubber plant (Hevea brasiliensis) cultivation techniques against pests and diseases in Tanjung Batu District, Ogan Ilir Regency. In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-10 Tahun 2022, Palembang 27 Oktober 2022. pp. 898-909. Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI).Rubber plant (Hevea brasiliensis) is a plantation crop with high economic value and one of the important agricultural commodities in the international environment and also in Indonesia. Geographical compatibility conditions and soil types that support the growth of rubber plants (Hevea brasiliensis), make farmers in Tanjung Batu District use their land to cultivate rubber plants. Plant-disturbing organisms (OPT) are one of the obstacles encountered in rubber cultivation activities which interfere with growth and affect the yield of rubber latex production. The use of pesticides is mostly done by farmers who think they can get fast and practical results. The purpose of this study aims to evaluate farmers in rubber cultivation techniques against pests and diseases in Tanjung Batu District. This research was conducted from May to July 2022. The method used to observe rubber plants was using a simple purposive sampling method. The results of research on rubber farmers have different planting methods. The observed rubber farmers have the status of profit-sharing land. To increase rubber resistance to pests and diseases, fertilization and sanitation are carried out. Pests and diseases found on farmer's land, namely, leaf fall disease and termite pests
Tingkat Kerusakan dan Kerugian Serangan Spodoptera frugiperda pada Jagung
No full textAriska N, Triagtin N, Fadillah RN, Amelia RP, Margaretha S, Pratiwi W, Hamidson H. 2021. Damage and loss of spodoptera frugiperda attack on corn plants. In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 Tahun 2021, Palembang 20 Oktober 2021. pp. 348-354. Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI).Spodoptera frugiperda attack on corn is one of the important problems in corn cultivation which causes damage to corn plants. The purpose of this study was to determined the level of damage and loss to corn crops on agricultural land by S. frugiperda and to determined the appropriate control method to suppress the damage caused by S. frugiperda. The methodology used in this research was an approach through literature study. Based on several literature studies to suppress the population of S. frugiperda, can be used biological control by using natural enemies of S. frugiperda. Synthetic insecticide controlled was also used, but not safed for the environment. To knowing the appropriate corn plants to avoid pest attacks. The level of damage due to S. frugiperda in 2019 in African and European countries reached 8.3-20.6 tons a year with lost between US$ 2.5-6.2 million a year. The damage caused by S. frugiperda to corn was about 60%
The Main Disease and its Attacks in the Generative Phase of Maize (Zea Mays L) in the Freshwater Swamps of South Sumatra
No full textIn South Sumatra, the freshwater swamps is 157,846 hectares, with this wide freshwater swamps, it can be used for crops food cultivation, one of which is maize. The purpose of this study was to provide information on the identification and attack of maize disease in freshwater swamps of South Sumatra. The research method was purposive sampling. The results of the study identification that the symptoms of maize leaf rust attack, seen from the physiology of maize leaves, were the lumps or pustules of orange color such as rust and the symptoms of maize leaf blight seen from the physiology of maize leaves, were small oval brownish lines like burning leaves. The leaf rust disease had an attack rate of 90% and the maize leaf blight reached 98%. Based on the results of this study, the main disease of maize attacking in the generative phase was the leaf rust (Puccinia polysora) and maize leaf blight (Bipolaris maydis)
