1,721,092 research outputs found
Identifying communities of practice: analysing ontologies as networks to support community recognition
Full text linkCommunities of practice are seen as increasingly important for creating, sharing and applying organisational knowledge. Yet their informal nature makes them difficult to identify and manage. In this paper we set out ONTOCOPI, a system that applies ontology-based network analysis techniques to target the problem of identifying such communities
Special Issue on Content Credibility
No full textRapahel Troncy, Harith Alani, Sofia Pinto, Freddy Lecue, Alina Bontcheva, Special Issue on Content Credibility, Journal of Web Semantics, Elsevier, Vol 71, Nov 2021. Link for the papers in https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/journal-of-web-semantics/vol/71/suppl/C For Call see https://www.websemanticsjournal.org/2021/01/cfp-content-credibility-deadline.html ::: Publisher: [Elsevier
How to recommend music to film buffs: enabling the provision of recommendations from multiple domains
No full textIn broad terms, Recommender Systems use machine learning techniques to process historical data about their user's interests, encoded in user profiles. Once the algorithms used have been trained on user profiles, their output is used to compile a ranked list of all resources available for recommendation, based on each profile. Collaborative Filtering is the most widespread method of carrying this out, building on the intuition that similar people will be interested in the same things. The point of failure in this approach lies in that similarity can only be assessed between users that have expressed their preferences on a common set of resources. This requirement prohibits the sharing of preference data across different systems, and causes additional problems when new resources for recommendation become available, or when new users subscribe to the system.I propose that the difficulty can be overcome by identifying and exploiting semantic relationships between the resources available for recommendation themselves. Moreover, systems that are able to assess the strength of the relationship between any two resources can provide recommendations from multiple domains. For example, music recommendations can be made based on a person's film taste if strong semantic relationships can be identified between certain films and the music he/she listens to.As such the contributions made by this dissertation can be summarised in the following:1. Facilitating the comparison of heterogeneous resourcesThe use of Wikipedia is proposed for this purpose, under the assumption that hyper-links between articles in Wikipedia convey latent semantic relationships between the concepts they describe. Thus, a methodology for projecting domain resources onto Wikipedia has been developed. The assumption is then validated by showing evidence that the projections are successful in retaining similarity between domain resources, in three independent domains.2. Enabling the provision of recommendations from multiple domains The aforementioned projections encode the links present in Wikipedia articles that are found to correspond to domain resources, and can be viewed collectively as a graph. In addition, the Internet is populated with social networks of people who express their preferences on a given set of resources in the form of ratings. Members of such communities are included as nodes in the graph and ratings regarding domain resources represented as edges. A reversible Markov chain model was implemented to describe the probabilities associated with the traversal of edges in the integrated graph. Nodes that represent resources and other concepts the user is known to be interested in are then identified in the graph. Using these nodes as a starting point, the resource nodes most likely to be reached after an arbitrarily large number of edge traversals are considered the most relevant to the user and are recommended. Experimental results show that the framework is successful in predicting user preferences in domains different to those of the input
Reports of the AAAI 2012 Spring Symposia
No full textThe Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, in cooperation with Stanford University’s Department of Computer Science, was pleased to present the 2012 Spring Symposium Series, held Monday through Wednesday, March 26–28, 2012 at Stanford University, Stanford, California USA. The six symposia held were AI, The Fundamental Social Aggregation Challenge (cochaired by W. F. Lawless, Don Sofge, Mark Klein, and Laurent Chaudron); Designing Intelligent Robots (cochaired by George Konidaris, Byron Boots, Stephen Hart, Todd Hester, Sarah Osentoski, and David Wingate); Game Theory for Security, Sustainability, and Health (cochaired by Bo An and Manish Jain); Intelligent Web Services Meet Social Computing (cochaired by Tomas Vitvar, Harith Alani, and David Martin); Self-Tracking and Collective Intelligence for Personal Wellness (cochaired by Takashi Kido and Keiki Takadama); and Wisdom of the Crowd (cochaired by Caroline Pantofaru, Sonia Chernova, and Alex Sorokin). The papers of the six symposia were published in the AAAI technical report series.</jats:p
The CKC Challenge: Exploring Tools for Collaborative Knowledge Construction
Full text linkThe great success of Web 2.0 is mainly fuelled by an infrastructure that allows web users to create, share, tag, and connect content and knowledge easily. The tools for developing structured knowledge in this manner have started to appear as well. However, there are few, if any, user studies that are aimed at understanding what users expect from such tools, what works and what doesn't. We organized the Collaborative Knowledge Construction (CKC) Challenge to assess the state of the art for the tools that support collaborative processes for creation of various forms of structured knowledge. The goal of the Challenge was to get users to try out different tools and to learn what users expect from such tools /features that users need, features that they like or dislike. The Challenge task was to construct structured knowledge for a portal that would provide information about research. The Challenge design contained several incentives for users to participate. Forty-nine users registered for the Challenge; thirty three of them participated actively by using the tools. We collected extensive feedback from the users where they discussed their thoughts on all the tools that they tried. In this paper, we present the results of the Challenge, discuss the features that users expect from tools for collaborative knowledge constructions, the features on which Challenge participants disagreed, and the lessons that we learned
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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