129 research outputs found
Dataset for Dynamic Control of Refractive Index during Pulsed Laser Deposited Waveguide Growth
No full textDataset for paper Grant-Jacob, J., Beecher, S. J., Riris, H., Yu, A., Shepherd, D. P., Eason, R. W., & Mackenzie, J. I. (2017). Dynamic control of refractive index during pulsed laser deposited waveguide growth. Optical Materials Express. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1364/OME.7.004073</span
Dynamic control of refractive index during pulsed laser deposited waveguide growth
No full textEngineering the optical properties of waveguides is important for the optimization of their guided optical mode characteristics. Here, we document the dynamic control of the refractive index and composition of crystalline films, via the substrate temperature, during pulsed-laser-deposition growth of Er(1%)-doped yttrium gallium garnet on <100>-orientated single-crystal yttrium aluminium garnet. An increasing substrate temperature is observed to reduce the gallium content in the grown film, with a corresponding reduction of refractive index. We demonstrate the ability to accurately control the refractive index via this technique and use it to grow a complex multi-core crystal waveguide. Our results highlight the potential of using pulsed laser deposition to fabricate crystal films with bespoke optical properties and thus engineer passive and active waveguide devices in situ
1.6-μm Er:YGG waveguide amplifiers
No full textWe report on the fabrication and characterization of Er:YGG films suitable for waveguide amplifiers that could in principle be used in integrated path differential absorption lidar systems. Presented is our fabrication technique, comprising pulsed-laser-deposition growth of ~10 μm-thick crystalline films, their channeling via ultraprecision ductile dicing with a diamond-blade, producing optical quality facets and sidewalls, and amplifier performance. Net gain at 1572 nm and 1651 nm is obtained for the first time in Er-doped YGG waveguide amplifiers. Additionally, in a channel waveguide a maximum internal gain of 3.5 dB/cm at the 1533 nm peak was realized. Recent crystal film quality improvements promise further performance enhancements needed for the intended application for high-peak power sources in the 1.6-μm spectral region targeting Earth observation systems for monitoring greenhouse gases
Er:YGG planar waveguides grown by pulsed laser deposition for LIDAR applications
Get PDFEr:YGG planar waveguide amplifiers (PWAs) are promising candidates to meet the needs of greenhouse-gas differential-absorption LIDAR applications. We report pulsed–laser-deposition growth of this doped crystal and net-gain performance (internal gain ~2 dB/cm for 0.7-at.% Er-doping) in a 0.9-cm-long uncoated single-pass PWA. Rapid fabrication is also demonstrated with optimized parameters, where crystal growth rates approaching 20 microns/hour have been realized. We compare Er-doping concentrations ranging from 0.5 at.% - 4 at.%, and report on their spectroscopic properties. Furthermore, we show the ability to tailor the deposited crystal properties, controlling the waveguide and gain characteristics. Finally, we discuss the spectroscopy and potential performance of this relatively unstudied material for PWAs in the eye-safe regime
SISTEM AKUNTANSI PENGELUARAN KAS PADA KANTOR CAMAT BENAI KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI
Get PDFThe study aims to analyze the accounting system for cash expenditure at office subdistrict Benai regency Kuantan Singingi that organisation sector public. The type of researcrh the author conducted was a comparative qualitative descriptive study. The data used are primary and secondary data, primary data is data obtained by conducting interviews with Camat and treasurer of expenditure, as well as documentation. Secondary data in the form of organisation structure, history concise office subdistrict Benai, and data on cash expenditure. Data analisysis techniques to answer the problem was done by using descriptive abalysis, indification and compare between theory with present practice. The results showed that the accounting system of chas expenditurein at office subdistrict Benai regency Kuantan Singingi already appropriate with No 59 of 2007. Thing mentioned seen from documents used and procedures done
The effect of science learning integrated with local potential to improve science process skills
No full textRACIAL DISCRIMINATION OF LOVE IN GUESS WHO MOVIE (2005) DIRECTED BY KEVIN RODNEY SULLIVAN: A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH
Get PDFThis research paper elaborates the discrimination in Kevin Rodney Sullivan’s Guess Who movie that is analyzed through a sociological approach. The objectives of the research are to analyze the structural elements of the movie and to analyze the movie based on a sociological approach.
This research belongs to a descriptive qualitative research. The data of the research is the movie entitled Guess Who. Whereas the data source comes from both primary data source which is in the form of the text of the movie being researched and secondary data source such as biography of the author, websites and other sources. The method to analyze the data is descriptive analysis.
Based on the analysis toward the film, the writer concludes that the discrimination of love are shown by the structural elements which build the film such as characters, setting, plot, theme, and mise-en-scene and from sociological aspects : those are from social aspect, political aspect, economic aspect, cultural aspect, and religious aspect. The writer also finds that the director uses the great events influencing America to support the theme of the film and to support the discrimination of love shown in this film. From the sociological aspects shown in the film, the writer then concludes that literary work reflects certain age when it is made, dealing with the social situation of the authors, and as manifestation from the historical moment
ANALISIS SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERN PENERIMAAN KAS PADA PT. GRAHA SARANA GRESIK
Get PDFPT Graha Sarana Gresik is a company engaged in the provision of transport services, property, convention hall, general trading, management and rental of warehouse and general mining. PT Graha Sarana Gresik is a subsidiary of one of the state in Indonesia, PT PKG that at the beginning of its establishment is intended to assist the operations of PT. PKG. The system of internal control in a company is one of the aspects that play a role in the operations of the company. One is the internal control system for the company's cash receipts. This becomes very important because the cash is highly liquid assets of the company so it is easy to be misused and abused. In this study the authors will discuss the internal control system of cash receipts in PT Graha Sarana Gresik. Objectives to be achieved by the authors in this study is to measure dn analyze the effectiveness of internal control system of cash receipts in PT Graha Sarana Gresik. The method used by the authors in this study is the descriptive method and the method of data collection is the method of field survey and interview. The data used in this study is the author of the data derived from primary data such as company documents in the form of rapidly developing company history, organization structure and the alinnya related research. The next data is secondary data. Secondary data are data obtained from the literature, articles, and other umber related to the research problem. Data collection techniques used is to survey, documentation and literature. Of research by the author can be concluded that the internal control system of cash receipts held by PT Graha Sarana Gresik has not gone well because there are many mistakes in the process of implementation and still banayk procedures in accordance with the applicable accounting regulations.
Keywords: system of internal control, cash receipts syste
Using new estimates of methane emissions over Europe to assess how proposed space-borne laser instruments will advance our scientific understanding of methane surface fluxes
No full textLaser instruments designed to measure methane from air- and space-borne platforms are being developed at DLR (MERLIN) and at NASA (GSFC Methane Sounder). Designing these instrument with sufficient accuracy to advance our understanding of emission source strengths and locations is crucial. Here we present a model simulation of methane used to test the potential of laser measurements to improve methane source/sink estimates. Our approach uses the FLEXPART lagrangian particle transport model, a global chemistry transport model, and hourly methane measurements from ground-based stations in Europe. We retrieve slowly varying (15 days) source strengths from European wetlands and anthropogenic emission regions from 2008-2011. A by-product of our model is tropospheric methane column amounts, which can be displayed in a movie format as methane weather. We will examine the seasonal horizontal spatial variability in the methane fields and compare with the current proposed accuracy and precision specifications of the laser instrument design
Sensitivity studies for space-based laser measurements of atmospheric CO<inf>2</inf> concentration towards future NASA mission ASCENDS
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