1,720,986 research outputs found
Low-molecular-weight heparin prevents high glucose- and phorbol ester-induced TGF-beta 1 gene activation.
No full textGlycosaminoglycans prevent the enhanced TCF-beta 1 gene expression by glucose in mesangial cells
No full textADVANCES IN REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION ANALYSIS OF CELLULAR mRNA LEVELS OF TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-BETA1 BY CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS WITH LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE DETECTION.
No full textALTERED PATTERN OF INSULIN-RECEPTOR ISOTYPES IN SKELETAL-MUSCLE MEMBRANES OF TYPE-2 (NON-INSULIN-DEPENDENT) DIABETIC SUBJECTS
No full textThe human insulin receptor exists in two isoforms (HIR-A alpha-subunit 719 amino acids and HIR-B alpha-subunit 731 amino acids) which are generated by alternative splicing of a small exon and display distinct patterns of tissue-specific expression. Using the polymerase chain reaction we have recently shown that skeletal muscle of non-diabetic individuals contains predominantly mRNA encoding HIR-A while in skeletal muscle derived from subjects with Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus similar amounts of each mRNA are expressed. We used a polyclonal antibody which discriminates between HIR-A and HIR-B to assess the isoform expression at the protein level. The antibody showed clearly distinct displacement of insulin binding in skeletal muscle membranes of non-diabetic subjects compared to Type 2 diabetic subjects (displacement of specific I-125-insulin binding: 13 non-diabetic subjects 70.0 % +/- 14.34, 12 Type 2 diabetic subjects 32.6 % +/- 17.45). A control antibody which does not discriminate between both isoforms showed similar displacement of I-125-insulin in membranes of non-diabetic and Type 2 diabetic subjects. These data suggest that the altered expression of receptor isotype mRNA in the skeletal muscle of Type 2 diabetic subjects leads to an altered receptor isoform pattern in the plasma membrane. While skeletal muscle membranes of non-diabetic subjects contain predominantly HIR-A, membranes of Type 2 diabetic subjects show an increased level of HIR-B in addition to HIR-A
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
EVIDENCE THAT 2 NATURALLY-OCCURRING HUMAN INSULIN-RECEPTOR ALPHA-SUBUNIT VARIANTS ARE IMMUNOLOGICALLY DISTINCT
No full textThe IgG from a patient (Italy 2 [I-2]) with hypoglycemia, due to autoantibodies to the insulin receptor, was purified on protein A Sepharose into two fractions that were tested in various human tissues and cells. The IgG fraction that bound protein A (absorbed IgG [IgGa]) nearly completely inhibited the binding of I-125-labeled insulin to various cells or tissues (placenta, IM-9, adipocytes, HEp-2-larynx cells, Epstein-Barr virus lymphocytes) but not > 50% of I-125-labeled insulin binding to human liver membranes. Conversely, both the IgG fraction from this patient, which did not bind protein A (flow-through IgG [IgGb]), and the IgGa fraction from a second similar patient (Italy 1 [I-1]) almost completely inhibited the binding of I-125-labeled insulin to liver membranes. The IgGa fraction from patient 1-2 did not change receptor affinity because 50% inhibition of I-125-labeled insulin binding was not affected by either the presence or absence of these IgG fractions. Furthermore, liver binding data were not due to cross-reaction of I-125-labeled insulin to the insulinlike growth factor I receptor, and treatment of liver membranes with neuraminidase did not alter the inhibitory effect of the IgGa fraction from patient I-2 on I-125-labeled insulin binding to liver. Binding inhibition experiments performed with cells transfected with and overexpressing the -12 (human insulin receptor [HIR]-A) or the +12 (HIR-B) variant of HIR revealed that the IgGa fraction from patient I-2 inhibited I-125-labeled insulin binding to the HIR-A receptor but not to the HIR-B receptor. The data reported herein demonstrate that the two naturally occurring insulin-receptor variants are immunologically distinct and indicate that the HIR-B variant is predominantly expressed in liver compared with other human tissues
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
