1,720,957 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Study of biofilm formation in Shewanella oneidensis and the role of transcriptional regulators from the FleQ family
No full textLa majorité des bactéries vivent attachées à des surfaces inertes ou biologiques et forment une communauté appelée biofilm. Au sein de ces biofilms, les bactéries sont enchâssées dans une matrice produite par cette même communauté et qui est constituée de polysaccharides, de protéines et d’acides nucléiques. La formation de biofilm est un problème car les bactéries sont nettement plus résistantes aux biocides sous cette forme. Comprendre comment les bactéries adhèrent et forment des biofilms à la surface de certains matériaux est absolument crucial pour permettre le développement de nouveaux revêtements comportant des propriétés anti-biofilm ciblées. Notre étude s’est focalisée sur la formation de biofilms chez la bactérie aquatique Shewanella oneidensis et nous avons en particulier étudié la voie de régulation de la formation de biofilm impliquant le messager intracellulaire c-di-GMP et un de ses effecteurs appartenant à la famille des régulateurs transcriptionnels de type FleQ. Nous avons montré que S. oneidensis formait des biofilms d’aspects différents selon les conditions de croissance et que parmi les composants testés, la matrice de S. oneidensis était constituée d’ADN extracellulaire, de protéines et d’acide sialique. Le mutant flrA (homologue de fleQ chez S. oneidensis) est affecté dans la motilité et la formation de biofilm et le c-di-GMP a également une influence sur ces deux mécanismes. Par des expériences de chromatine immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) et de transcriptomique (RNA-seq) nous avons montré que FleQ de P. aeruginosa et FlrA de S. oneidensis régulent l’expression de gènes impliqués dans la biosynthèse du flagelle, la production d’exopolysaccharides, la respiration anaérobie ou microaérobie et l’expression de certains gènes de prophage. Nous proposons que FleQ/FlrA est un régulateur majeur de la formation de biofilm, contrôlant différents aspects de la formation de biofilm : de l’attachement via le flagelle, à la production des exopolysaccharides en passant par différents mécanismes impliqués dans l’agrégation, la dispersion, le relarguage d’ADN extracellulaire et incluant l’adaptation aux conditions environnementales propres à la formation de biofilms comme la croissance en microaérobieMicroorganisms attach to surfaces and form a community called biofilms. Within a biofilm, bacteria are encapsulated in a matrix made of exopolysaccharides, nucleic acids and proteins. Biofilm formation is a problem because bacteria are notoriously recalcitrant to biocidal treatment when growing as a biofilm. Understanding how bacteria adhere and form biofilm is crucial to develop new coatings or treatments with antibiofilm properties. Our study focused on biofilm formation in the aquatic bacterium Shewanella oneidensis. We studied in particular the mode of regulation of biofilm formation involving the intracellular messenger c-di-GMP and one of its effectors belonging to the FleQ transcriptional regulator family. We showed that S. oneidensis was able to form biofilm of different aspects depending on growth conditions. Among the extracellular matrix compounds tested, most of the compounds secreted by these bacteria were eDNA, proteins and sialic acid. A flrA mutant (homologous to fleQ in S. oneidensis) is affected in its ability to swim or form biofilm and c-di-GMP also has an impact on these two mechanisms. From chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) and transcriptomic (RNA-seq) studies, we showed that FleQ from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and FlrA from S. oneidensis regulate expression of genes involved in flagellum biosynthesis, exopolysaccharides production, anaerobic or microaerobic respiration and modulate expression of prophage genes. We proposed that FlrA/FleQ is a major regulator of biofilm formation controlling different facets of biofilms: from bacteria attachment mediated by the flagellum, to exopolysaccharide production, through diverse mechanisms involved in cells aggregation or dispersion or DNA release and including adaptation to environmental conditions of biofilm formation such as microaerobic growth
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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