36 research outputs found
بلوچستان میں فروغ اردو کے حوالے سے انعام الحق کوثر کی خدمات
No full textDr. Inaamul Haq Kausar was a thorough scholar. He served in different capacities in the Baluchistan Education Department. He wrote a number of books on topics such as Urdu and Persian literature, education, Pakistan Movement, Iqbaliatand finally Seerat. His magnum opus is Baluchistan mein Urdu.This book is on the development of Urdu in Baluchistan. This tremendous work is inevitable for scholars and researchers of Urdu in Baluchistan. This article sheds light on Dr.Kausar'scontribution for the promotion of Urdu language and literature in Baluchistan
Poor Vaccine Effectiveness against Influenza B-Related Severe Acute Respiratory Infection in a Temperate North Indian State (2019–2020): A Call for Further Data for Possible Vaccines with Closer Match
No full textBackground: Influenza vaccine uptake in India is poor, and scant data exist regarding the effectiveness of influenza vaccine against hospitalization. Methods: From October 2019 to March 2020, vaccination status of 1219 patients (males n = 571, aged 5–107 years; median, 50 years) hospitalized with severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) was assessed. The patients were tested for influenza viruses and their subtypes by RT PCR. Sequencing of the HA gene was performed. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) against influenza subtypes was estimated by the test negative design. Results: A total of 336 (27.5%) patients were influenza-positive, with influenza B/Victoria accounting for 49.7% (n = 167), followed by influenza A/H1N1 (47.6%; n = 155) and influenza A/H3N2 (4.4%; n = 15). About 6.8% and 8.6% of the influenza-positive and influenza-negative patients, respectively, had been vaccinated. Adjusted VE for any influenza strain was 13% (95% CI −42 to 47), which for influenza B was 0%. HA sequencing revealed that influenza B samples mainly belonged to subclade V1A.3/133R with deletion of residues 163–165, as against the 2-aa deletion in influenza B/Colorado/06/2017 strain, contained in the vaccine. VE for influenza A/H1N1 was 55%. Conclusions: Poor VE due to a genetic mismatch between the circulating strain and the vaccine strain calls for efforts to reduce the mismatch
Prevalence of common ocular morbidities in adult population of Aligarh
No full textAims and Objectives: To determine the prevalence of common ocular morbidities (cataract, refractive errors, glaucoma, and corneal opacities) and their demographic and sociocultural correlates. Settings and Design: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in the field practice areas of the Department of Community Medicine, JNMC, AMU, Aligarh, for a period of one year, from September 2005 to August 2006. Materials and Methods: Systematic random sampling was done to select the required sample size. All adults aged 20 years and above in the selected households were interviewed and screened using a 6/9 illiterate ′E′ chart. Those who could not read the ′E′ chart were referred to the respective health training center for a complete eye examination by an ophthalmologist. Statistical Analysis: Chi- square test. Results: The prevalence of visual impairment, low vision, and blindness, based on presenting visual acuity was 13.0, 7.8, and 5.3%, respectively. The prevalence of cataract was 21.7%. Bilateral cataract was present in 16.9% of the population. Cataract was significantly associated with age, education, and fuel use. The prevalence of myopia, hypermetropia, and astigmatism was 11.5, 9.8, and 3.7%, respectively. Glaucoma was diagnosed in six patients, giving a prevalence rate of 0.9%. All the six patients of glaucoma were aged above 40 years. The prevalence of corneal opacity was 4.2%. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of treatable or preventable morbidities such as cataract, refractive errors, and corneal opacity
A comparison of the 2015 Indian Academy of Pediatrics, International Obesity Task Force and World Health Organization growth references among 5–18-year-old children
No full textEffectiveness, acceptance and feasibility of home-based intervention model for tuberculosis contact tracing in Kashmir
No full textBackground: As long as one case of tuberculosis is replaced by another, elimination of tuberculosis cannot be achieved. Contact tracing is an important strategy for detection of more TB cases early. The present study is concerned with an innovative method of contact tracing. Methods: A quasi randomized interventional study was conducted in two TB Units of Kashmir for evaluation of newly designed interventional model for its effectiveness, acceptance and feasibility. Data was collected from 1st Jan 2014 to 30th June 2015. Results: In interventional group of 598 eligible household contacts, total 27 (4.51%) contacts were detected as suffering from active pulmonary TB cases. Out these, 21 (3.51%) cases were diagnosed during initial home visit and 6 (1.04%) cases were diagnosed at 6th monthly follow up visit. In controlled group 593 eligible household contacts, total 7 (1.18%) contacts were found suffering from active pulmonary —TB during routine practice under RNTCP for contact screening. In interventional group, during initial home visit by the investigator, 423 (70.74%) of household contacts participated for study and during follow up visit at 6th month, 356 (59.53%) household contacts participated. Conclusion: Newly designed “home-based intervention model” for active-case finding among household contacts of index pulmonary-TB case has been found an effective method for contact tracing. This intervention has adequate acceptance by the community and feasible for implementation under existing revised national tuberculosis control programme. Keywords: Household contacts, Contact tracing, Tuberculosis Active case finding, Intervention mode
Diagnosing sputum/smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis: Does fibre-optic bronchoscopy play a significant role?
No full textBackground : Diagnosis of sputum/smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients can be both challenging and time consuming with many patients being put on empirical anti-tubercular treatment. Fibreoptic bronchoscopy may provide a confirmative and early diagnosis in such patients. Aims: To assess the role of fibreoptic bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of sputum /smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 75 suspected sputum / smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis cases attending Pulmonary Medicine Department of Mamata Medical College and Hospital, Khammam, AP. Fibreoptic bronchoscopy was performed; culture of sputum and bronchial washings for Mycobacterium tuberculosis was done by BACTEC method. Results: A final diagnosis of sputum /smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis was made in 60 patients. Bronchial washings smear for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) was positive in 21 patients while culture of bronchial washings was positive in 39 patients. In 29 patients, smear or culture of bronchial washing alone contributed to the final diagnosis. Total yield of bronchoscopy in diagnosis of sputum smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis was 83.33% (50/60); bronchoscopy was the only diagnostic method in 66% cases (40/60) with bronchial washings being the only diagnostic method in 48.33%. Bronchial washings smear for AFB and histopathological evidence of caseating granuloma made immediate diagnosis possible in 48.33% (29/60) patients. Conclusion: Our study suggests that fibreoptic bronchoscopy can provide excellent material for diagnosis of suspected cases of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in whom smears of expectorated sputum do not reveal mycobacteria
Efficacy of Oral Ketamine in Patients with Depression and Suicidality: A Retrospective Study
No full textDiagnosing sputum/smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis: Does fibre-optic bronchoscopy play a significant role?
No full textEffects of switching from olanzapine to aripiprazole on the metabolic profiles of patients with schizophrenia and metabolic syndrome: a double-blind, randomized, open-label study
No full textRayees Ahmad Wani, Mansoor Ahmad Dar, Rajesh Kumar Chandel, Yasir Hassan Rather, Inaamul Haq, Arshad Hussain, Altaf Ahmad MallaDepartment of Psychiatry, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, IndiaBackground: Patients with schizophrenia suffer high rates of metabolic derangements on some antipsychotic medications that predispose them to cardiovascular diseases. Keeping this fact in mind, we planned this open-label study to see the effect on various metabolic parameters after switching stable schizophrenia subjects, who had developed metabolic syndrome on olanzapine, to aripiprazole.Methods: Sixty-two patients with schizophrenia who were stable on olanzapine and were fulfilling modified National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP-III) criteria for the presence of metabolic syndrome were enrolled on the study. Patients were randomly assigned either to switch to aripiprazole or to stay on olanzapine, on a 1:1 basis. Cross-tapering over a period of 1 month was done while switching patients to aripiprazole. Laboratory assessment for metabolic parameters was done at baseline, 8 weeks, and 24 weeks after enrollment; efficacy assessment was done using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) at baseline and 24 weeks, the Clinical Global Impressions severity subscale (CGI-S) at baseline, and the Clinical Global Impressions improvement subscale (CGI-I) at 24 weeks.Results: All parameters of metabolic syndrome (waist circumference, blood pressure, triglyceride level, fasting blood glucose, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) kept deteriorating in the stay group, compared with a continuous improvement in the switch group over time. At the end of the study, 26 patients (100%) from the stay group and 15 patients (42.8%) from switch group met the modified NCEP ATP-III criteria for presence of metabolic syndrome (P<0.001). There were no statistically significant differences between groups in psychopathology changes as measured by the PANSS total score and CGI-I scores.Conclusion: Clinically stable patients with schizophrenia who are taking olanzapine and who have evidence of metabolic syndrome can be successfully switched to aripiprazole, with improvement in various parameters of metabolic syndrome and without any significant change in efficacy measures.Keywords: metabolic syndrome, olanzapine, aripiprazole, schizophrenia, switchin
Asymptomatic metalloptysis complicating lobectomy in pulmonary aspergilloma – An unusual complication
No full textAbstractRecurrent haemoptysis in pulmonary aspergilloma is an indication for surgical resection of the cavity and removal of the fungus ball, in patients with a sufficient pulmonary function to allow surgery. Use of titanium surgical clips in such cardiothoracic surgical procedures may be the source of unusual complications. We report one such unusual complication of expectoration of a titanium surgical clip through a right lobectomy stump, the procedure having been performed six years previously for a symptomatic aspergilloma. We believe this to be first instance of metalloptysis in a case of pulmonary aspergilloma, following lobectomy
