180,514 research outputs found
A. R. Sanhûrî, âlasâdir al Haq fil Fiqh al Islâmî t. V
No full textA. R. Sanhûrî, âlasâdir al Haq fil Fiqh al Islâmî t. V. In: Revue internationale de droit comparé. Vol. 11 N°3, Juillet-septembre 1959. pp. 633-639
Extraction and validation of a lower limb HAQ by comparison with objective measurement of ambulatory activity
No full textObjectives. Both the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and the measurement of spontaneous ambulatory activity are measures that can be used to evaluate disability in RA. Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted of 105 RA patients where the HAQ was compared with ambulatory activity from the Numact monitor. Rank correlation was used to evaluate the relationships between activity and the complete and individual sections of the HAQ. Results: Correlation of activity with total HAQ produced significant results (r = -0.29 to -0.48). Correlation with individual sections showed the strongest association with "Hygiene", followed by "Activities", and "Walking". A lower limb HAQ was devised using these and the dressing and rising items. Conclusions. HAQ and recorded activity measure different but related aspects of disability. Activity should be used if the ability to quantify the result outweighs the extra effort involved in the study
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Limited correlation between the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and EuroQol in rheumatoid arthritis: questionable validity of deriving quality adjusted life years from HAQ.
No full textOBJECTIVES: There is growing emphasis on the cost-effectiveness of treating rheumatoid arthritis. Few trials directly record the health utility measures, like EuroQol, needed for economic analyses. Consequently linear regression methods have been used to transform Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) scores into utility measures. The authors examined whether this is justified. METHODS: The authors compared HAQ and EuroQol in cross-sectional and treatment change observational studies of rheumatoid arthritis patients; they also measured SF-36 and Nottingham Health Profiles. RESULTS: In the cross-sectional study, HAQ and EuroQol scores were moderately inversely correlated (Spearman rank correlation, r = 0.76). HAQ showed a Gaussian distribution whereas EuroQol was bimodal. In the treatment change study, changes in HAQ and EuroQol were unrelated (r = 0.08); the changes showed similar Gaussian and bimodal distributions. CONCLUSIONS: Not all patient-based measures are analogous, and evidence of clinical equivalence, especially in treatment response, is needed before data transformation is considered. Specifically, as HAQ and EuroQol are demonstrably not equivalent, economic evaluations of treatment cost effectiveness should not be based on EuroQol data transformed from HAQ. The use of such transformed data by regulatory bodies which determine drug availability means that the issue is no longer only of academic interest but a real clinical concern
Factors predicting HAQ-DI of 4 year follow-up determined by multiple regression analysis.
No full text<p>The multiple regression equations predicting HAQ-DI of 4 year follow-up are as follows; HAQ-DI of 4 year follow-up = −2.75+2.22×log<sub>10</sub>(serum P-selectin levels (ng/ml) of baseline)+−0.0060×%VC of baseline +0.29×HAQ-DI of baseline. R<sup>2</sup> (determination coefficient) = 0.41, root mean square error = 0.345, p = 0.001.</p
Correlation between three basic gait parameters and HAQ score or mHAQ score.
No full textGait speed and step length had strong correlation with HAQ score and mHAQ score, but correlation between cadence and HAQ score or mHAQ score was very weak. r values = Pearson correlation coefficient.</p
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Women’s Autonomy and Happiness: The Case of Pakistan
No full textIt is generally believed that “autonomy” brings happiness and satisfaction in women’s lives. In this study we examine whether or not the established autonomy indicators are a source of “happiness” for Pakistani women. By using the nationally representative data, only two indicators, i.e., “women’s education” and “decisionmaking authority”, prove to be important factors in finding “very happy” status in women’s life. Additionally, “possession of assets” also proves to be an important factor in providing the “very happy” status in a women’s life. However, the “possession and utilisation of assets” and “going alone outside the house” are not important indicators of a “very happy” status in women’s life in Pakistan and “Labour force participation” is indicative of unhappiness. The results of this study show that not all established indicators of autonomy bring about happiness in the lives of Pakistani women. This is because Pakistani society differs from other societies, in particular the western society, and hence the concept of “autonomy” in bringing about “happiness” in the lives of Pakistani women yields effects different from those in other societies. Thus, there is a need to focus on the advocacy of only those autonomy variables which lead to happiness in a woman’s life, which is the end-goal for women, who form a vital part of the society.Women
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