1,720,958 research outputs found
The Case for Receivables-Based Ṣukūk: Convergence Between the Malaysian and Global Sharīʿah Standards on Bayʿ Al-Dayn?
No full textThe ṣukūk market has been an innovative market, with ṣukūk structures evolving from “asset-backed” to “asset-based” and from “blended-assets” to “asset-light” structures. New ṣukūk structures were introduced mainly to solve the key problem faced by issuers who lack suitable Sharīʿah-compliant physical assets to support their ṣukūk issuance. This paper focuses on the “blended-assets” ṣukūk known as ṣukūk al-wakālah, a type that blends different types of physical assets and receivables. Whilst the Malaysian fuqaha (jurists) have allowed the sale of ṣukūk having 100% receivables, the fuqaha from the rest of the world have only permitted the sale of ṣukūk having substantial physical assets. This paper therefore discusses the fiqhī (juristic) analysis behind the requirement of having a minimum threshold (either 51%, 33% or 30%) of physical assets for ṣukūk issuance and trading purposes. The paper poses the question of whether the threshold of physical assets can be further reduced to 10%. In particular, it examines the issue of whether trading of a ṣukūk representing 90% receivables and 10% physical assets is permissible under the Sharīʿah
From “Asset-backed” to “Asset-light” Structures: The Intricate History of Sukuk
No full textThis paper traces the development of the sukuk market through sukuk case studies. It discusses how sukuk has evolved from an asset-backed structure, where sukuk holders have ownership rights over the underlying asset, to an asset-based structure, where sukuk holders rank pari passu with unsecured creditors. This paper subsequently highlights the emergence of the asset-light structure, where the requirement of having tangible assets seems to be rather minimal. It also discusses the Shari’ah concerns that arise in the asset-light structure
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Islamic Finance: Legal and Institutional Challenges
No full textThe paper focuses on some of the challenges and constraints faced by the contemporary Islamic finance industry. The paper will also briefly discuss the epistemological foundation of Islamic finance and the general outline of an ideal Islamic financial system. The nature of the spectrum of instruments that should serve the Islamic financial system will also be considered. The authors will also highlight the Islamic understanding of risk and uncertainty and prove that risk sharing is the operational essence of Islamic finance. The paper then focuses on solutions that would address some of the challenges facing Islamic finance institutions and how common law has played a key role in the development of the contemporary Islamic finance industry
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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