1,720,952 research outputs found
Using Dynamic Nonparametric Bayesian Belief Nets (BBNs) to Model Human Influences on Safety: A Potential Tool for Safety Management
No full textEngineering and Policy AnalysisValues and TechnologyTechnology, Policy and Managemen
Human Risk of Fire: Building a decision support tool using Bayesian networks
No full textSafety Science GroupTechnology, Policy and Managemen
Research to the performance and adequacy of fire compartmentation
No full textFire compartmentation is an important aspect in the design of buildings. Buildings need to be divided into one or more fire compartments, which are intended as the maximum extension area of the fire. Compartmentation systems are designed to prevent fire spread to adjacent compartments. The performance of compartmentation systems depends on many different factors with many uncertainties. Moreover, the implementation of these systems in practice is vulnerable for mistakes and weaknesses. Also it is not clear what is actually achieved by the current legislation and policies for compartmentation in terms of safety of people and protection of property. Little research has been carried out on the performance of compartmentation systems in actual building fires. In the Netherlands, some research was carried out on the performance of compartmentation during a research on high-damage fires in 2001 by Nibra and NCP. It was found that compartmentation was in approximately 35% of the high-damage fires was not sufficient to prevent fire spread to other compartments in the building. Whereas it is often difficult to determine the causes of fire spread to adjacent compartments and to determine the quality of the compartmentation before the fire started, shortcomings are often mentioned as main reasons in case of premature failure of compartmentation systems. Shortcomings are in this case defined as elements in a compartmentation system which are not built in accordance with the applicable legislation and standards, elements which are not correctly used or elements which are not properly maintained. To get insight in the presence of shortcomings in buildings, some inspection reports have been analysed. It turned out that many shortcomings are present in the analysed buildings and that these shortcomings have a strong influence on the performance of fire compartmentation. Especially shortcomings related to doors, ducting and piping are frequently found in buildings. The presence of shortcomings is more or less similar in the analysed buildings; no clear relation can be distinguished with the function of the building (meeting, office, industrial) or the age of the building based on the inspection reports. Most shortcomings (±70%) in fire compartmentation occur during construction and/or maintenance/modification works in the building. Also a lack of maintenance is an important cause of shortcomings. A lack of awareness among stakeholders about the importance of proper compartmentation is probably the main source of these shortcomings. Although the quality and performance of compartmentation is often worse than intended, fatalities are generally not attributed to bad performance of compartmentation, especially not in office, meeting and industrial buildings. In building fires where fatalities occurred, (insufficient) performance of fire compartmentation was generally not appointed to be decisive. For the prevention of casualties it seems therefore generally not necessary to improve the quality of compartmentation systems in these buildings compared to the modern day standard. If significant improvements in prevention of fire damages by fire compartmentation are envisaged by building-owners and/or insurers, more attention should be paid to good implementation and maintenance.Structural DesignStructural EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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