5 research outputs found
The impact of police-monitored CCTV cameras on crime patterns: a quasi-experimental study in the metropolitan city of Bursa, Turkey
No full textRapid adoption and expansion of the CCTV systems in Turkey as well as all over the world have produced a fair amount of "technological determinism" among many law enforcement officials, which Norris and Armstrong (1999, p. 9) define as "an unquestioning belief in the power of technology". As a matter of technological determinism, politicians and the public continue to myopically expect that the exclusive responsibility of preventing crime rest on the police-monitored CCTV cameras. Conversely, policy makers may be better informed if they consider why the law enforcement agencies should invest in the installation of the CCTV cameras in public areas based on the research. In fact, a well-designed evidence based paradigm in the CCTV literature is likely to reveal the truth about the question of "does it work?" In addition to all previous methodological efforts, empirical evaluations in the CCTV literature are still needed to account for alternative perspectives to measure their effectiveness in the deterrence of crimes. Therefore, the present study focused on the concepts of environmental criminology, namely "crime risk at place". This research also considered the environmental risk values that might identify "environmental conditions under which cameras would be most effective" (Caplan et al., 2011, p.271). Thus, the concept of "Environmental risk value" provided a unique methodological approach to the police-monitored CCTV literature. This study examined the impact of the metropolitan city of Bursa‘s city-wide system and certain individual police-monitored CCTV camera‘s views used to scan the landscape, respectively on street level, including aggravated assault, auto theft, thefts from autos, and larceny theft crime incident numbers in a spatial distribution of locations; and analyzed whether the environmental risk value effects on the deterrent effect of police-monitored CCTV cameras on aforementioned crime types. To accomplish that statistical analyses (paired t test, location quotient, and regression models) and risk terrain modeling (RTM) were conducted in this dissertation. Three important findings were found in this study. Firstly, city-wide system effect indicated that larceny thefts and thefts from auto experienced significant reduction. However, aggravated assaults and auto thefts were not. Secondly, the results from assessing the deterrent effect of certain individual police-monitored CCTV cameras on aggravated assaults, larceny thefts, thefts from autos and auto thefts were mixed. Finally, each individual CCTV camera has a unique environment – environmental risk value that influences its deterrent effect on – aggravated assaults, larceny thefts, thefts from autos and autos theft. Further, the affect was discernable and in positive direction for each crime type. Environmental risk value assessments can advance our understanding of the deterrent effect of CCTV cameras at their viewshed areas. So environmental risk sites must be taken into account when the decision process concerning CCTV cameras is made by local and national level policy makers, police agencies and politicians who try to establish where the most appropriate location to install police-monitored CCTV cameras is. In this respect RTM can be considered as a pre intervention tool so that police agencies can measure the deterrent effect of CCTV before installation. Such a pre-evaluation process increases the capacity for effective police management and crime prevention strategies in police agencies.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Emirhan Darca
Evaluating Souper: A Synthesizing Superoptimizer
No full textModern compilers exploit syntax \& semantics to optimize input programs.Often such optimization rules are arduous to get right and the output is not guaranteed to be globally optimal.Superoptimizers take a different approach to this problem by traversing the program space.This study focuses on Souper, a synthesizing superoptimizer which makes use of an enhanced counter-example-guided inductive synthesis loop to find optimizations.We first detail the working mechanism of the superoptimizer and its components, then we explain our attempts at reproducing the results mentioned by Souper's authors.Finally, we give three program classes each exercising different aspects of the superoptimizer and how these are useful in gaining insight into Souper's optimization capabilities and use cases.CSE3000 Research ProjectComputer Science and Engineerin
Thematic analysis on fatih Emirhan’s povests (Fethulla hazret, hayat, şefigulla agay)
No full textBu tez çalışmasının amacı Fatih Emirhan’ın “Fethulla Hazret”, “Hayat”, “Şefigulla Agay” uzun hikâyelerinin tematik yönden incelenmesidir. Fatih Emirhan, Tatar edebiyatının önemli yazarlarından biridir. Tatar edebiyatına hikâyeleri ve drama eserleri ile katkıda bulunmuştur. Yazarın eserlerini incelemeden önce “Tatar Türkleri ve Tarihi”, “20. Yüzyıl Tatar Edebiyatı”, “Tatar Edebiyatında Hikâye ve Uzun Hikâye” hakkında bilgiler verilecektir. Devamında “Fatih Emirhan’ın Hayatı, Edebi Kişiliği ve Eserleri” ele alınacaktır. Ayrıca bu bölümde “Fatih Emirhan’ın Eserlerinde Kadınların Özgürlüğü” başlığı altında bilgiler verilecektir. Son bölümde Fatih Emirhan’ın uzun hikâyelerinin özetlerine yer verilecek ve bahsi geçen bu eserlerin tema incelemesi yapılacaktır. Bu çalışmayı diğerlerinden ayırannokta, Fatih Emirhan’ın hayatı ve eserleri üzerinde böyle bir çalışmanın daha önce ayrıntılı yapılmamış olmasıdır. Bu çalışma ile Fatih Emirhan’ın duygu ve düşünceleri dile getirilmeye çalışılacaktır.The aim of this thesis is to examine Fatih Emirhan's “Fethulla Hazret”, “Hayat”, and “Şefigulla Agay” povests **thematically. Fatih Emirhan is one of the important writers of Tatar Literature. He contributed to Tatar Literature with his stories and drama works. Before examining the works of the author, firstly “Tatar Turks and History,” “20th Century Tatar Literature,” and “Story and Povest in Tatar Literature” will be given. Afterwards, “Fatih Emirhan’s Life, Literary Personality, and Works” will be discussed. In addition, in this section, information will be given under the title of “The Freedom of Women in the Works of Fatih Emirhan”. In the last section, summaries of Fatih Emirhan's long stories will be given and thematic analysis of these works will be made. The point that distinguishes this study from others is that such a study on Fatih Emirhan's life and works has not been done in detail before. With this study, Fatih Emirhan's feelings and thoughts will be tried to be expressed
Association Between Major Bleeding and In-Hospital Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Acute Coronary Syndromes
No full textBackground Major bleeding (MB) is a serious complication in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Although its association with long-term adverse outcomes is well documented, the impact of in-hospital MB on early cardiovascular prognosis remains incompletely characterized. Objective To investigate the association between in-hospital MB and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with ACS treated with PCI. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study on 829 consecutive ACS patients who underwent successful PCI between January 2021 and December 2023. MB was defined as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) type 3 or 5 bleeding events. MACE was defined as a composite of all-cause mortality, recurrent myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, urgent target vessel revascularization, or new-onset/decompensated heart failure with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <30%. Clinical data and outcomes were extracted from hospital records and independently adjudicated. Results MB occurred in 4.5% of patients (n = 37). The incidence of in-hospital MACE was significantly higher among patients with MB compared to those without (40.5% vs. 8.1%, p < 0.001). In multivariate logistic regression, MB was the strongest independent predictor of in-hospital MACE (OR: 12.43, 95% CI: 3.43-44.98, p < 0.001), followed by reduced LVEF (OR per % increase: 0.794, 95% CI: 0.747-0.843, p < 0.001), age, and white blood cell count. Conclusions In-hospital MB is a potent and independent predictor of early MACE in patients with ACS undergoing PCI. These findings emphasize the need for careful risk stratification, bleeding prevention strategies, and individualized antithrombotic management in this high-risk population
