Universidad Internacional del Ecuador
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The First Report of Tetrathyridiosis in a Stone Marten (Martes foina, Erxleben 1777) in Türkiye
No full textSTAR MİMARİ PROJELER VE ANTAKYA’DA DEPREM SONRASI KENTSEL DÖNÜŞÜMÜN DOĞURDUĞU YENİ KENT KİMLİĞİ
No full textÇift Karakterli Bir Antropojenik Etki Örneği: Kumkuyu (Erdemli, Mersin) Taş Ocağı ve Limanı
No full textİnsanın çevre üzerindeki etkisi arttıkça, oluşturduğu yüzey şekillerinin alan ve derinlik boyutu artmaktadır. Antropojenik etki ile oluşmuş yüzey şekillerinin başında taş ocakları ve limanlar gelmektedir. Mersin İli Erdemli İlçesi Kumkuyu (Tırtar) Mahallesi’nde yer alan Kumkuyu Taş Ocağı, 1990’ların başında Kumkuyu Yat Limanı için dolgu malzemesi temini amaçlı olarak açılmıştır. Limanın inşaatı bittikten sonra da taş ocağı özel sektöre devredilmiş ve günümüzde üretimine devam etmektedir. Taş ocağından alınan malzemeler uzun yıllar boyunca ocaktan yaklaşık 4 km uzakta bulunan yat limanına taşınmıştır. Antropojenik etkilerin kazma ve biriktirme özelliklerine atfen her ikisi de çok kısa mesafede ve ilişkili olarak bölgede gözlendiği için bu çalışmada “çift karakterli bir antropojenik etki” ifadesi tercih edilmiştir. Yapılan bu çalışmada amaç; taş ocağının ve buradan alınan malzemerle inşa edilen yat limanının antropojenik jeomorfoloji bağlamında coğrafi bir perspektifle değerlendirilmesidir. 1/25.000 ölçekli topoğrafya harita paftalarına ve uydu görüntülerine ek olarak insansız hava aracı (İHA) ile alınan görüntüler materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Saha gözlemleri ve yapılan analizler ile antropojenik etkinin boyutu ve çevresel etkileri ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak; taş ocağının giderek büyüyen bir yüzey alanına sahip olduğu, liman ve çevresinin kıyı uzunluğunun artmasının yanı sıra plaj sahasının genişlemesine neden olduğu ve dolayısı ile doğal peyzajın bozulduğu tespit edilmiştir. 2021 yılı yaz döneminde yaklaşık 140.000 m2 alan kaplayan taş ocağından yapılan hacim hesaplamasına göre 1.930.000 m3 malzeme alınmıştır. Liman yapımına başlanmadan yaklaşık 391 m olan kıyı çizgisi, 1773 m uzatılarak liman sonrası 2164 m ’ye ulaşmıştır. Ayrıca liman yapıldıktan sonra limanın doğusunda yer alan plaj kesiminde yaklaşık 142 m’lik bir kıyı gerilemesi söz konusudur.As human impact on the environment increases, the surface area and depth of the landforms created by humans also increase. Quarries and ports are among the foremost landforms created by anthropogenic impacts. The Kumkuyu Quarry, located in the Kumkuyu (Tırtar) Neighborhood of Erdemli District, Mersin Province, Türkiye, was opened in the early 1990s to supply infill material for the construction of the Kumkuyu Marina. After the construction of the marina was completed, the quarry was transferred to the private sector and has continued its production. For many years, the materials taken from the quarry were transported to the marina, which is approximately 4 km away from the quarry.The expression "dual-character anthropogenic impact" was preferred to be used in this study because both the excavation and deposition features, referring to the anthropogenic effects, are observed in the region in a a very short distance and in relation to each other.The aim of this study was to evaluate the quarry and the marina constructed with the material taken from it, from a geographical perspective within the context of anthropogenic geomorphology. In addition to the satellite images and 1/25,000 scale topographic maps, images captured by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) were utilized as study materials. Field observations and a series of analyses were carried out to try and reveal the extent of the anthropogenic impact and its environmental consequences. In conclusion, it was determined that the quarry has an increasingly growing surface area and that the port and its surroundings have caused an increase in coastal length as well as an expansion of the beach area, and consequently, the natural landscape has been degraded.The port and its surroundings have led to an increase in coastal length as well as an expansion of the beach area, and consequently, the natural landscape has been degraded. According to the material volume calculated in the summer of 2021 from the quarry, which covers an area of around 140,000 m², 1.930.000 m3 of material was extracted. It was found that the coastline, which was about 391 m before the port construction began, was extended by 1773 m, reaching 2164 m after the port was built. In addition, after the port was built, there was a coastal retreat of about 142 m in the beach area located east of the port after its construction. </p
Production of two Kımı pickles using the whey and vinegar as fermentation media and determination of bacterial and fungal microbiota, antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of Kımı pickles
No full textPlants can be used for different purposes, such as food, tea, and spices or for healing against various diseases. In this study, two different Kımı pickles, such as fermented with vinegar (SKT) and fermented with whey (PASKT), were produced. The antibacterial properties of both Kımı pickles were determined by MIC, MBC, and MTC and antibiofilm activity was determined by the crystal violet method. The bacterial microbiota of the Kımı pickle samples were determined by 16S metagenom analysis and the fungal microbiota by ITS metagenom analysis. As a result, the plant known as Kımı was systematically determined as Bunium cylindricum (Boiss. & Hohem.) Drude. PASKT exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 14580, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 33495, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, while Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 was the most sensitive to SKT. PASKT inhibited biofilm formation at a higher rate against Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 and Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 14580, while SKT exhibited higher antibiofilm activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 33495 and Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 14580. The dominant bacterial genus in the PASKT was Bacteroides, whereas in the SKT it was Latilactobacillus. Dipodascus was the dominant genus in the PASKT fungal microbiota, while Penicillium was the dominant genus in the SKT fungal microbiota. In this study, whey was used as the fermentation medium for PASKT production. This has the potential to create an alternative for the utilization of whey, which is rich in nutrient content but is considered waste and can cause environmental pollution
On the rings whose injective right modules are max-projective
No full textRecently, right almost-QF (respectively, max-QF) rings that is the rings whose injective right modules are R-projective (respectively, max-projective) were studied by the first two authors. In this paper, our aim is to give some further characterizations of these rings over more general classes of rings, and address several questions about these rings. We obtain characterizations of max-QF rings over several classes of rings including local, semilocal right semihereditary, right non-singular right Noetherian and right nonsingular right finite dimensional rings. We prove that for a ring R being right almost-QF and right max-QF are not left-right symmetric. We also show that right almost-QF and right max-QF rings are not closed under factor rings. This leads us to consider the rings all of whose factor rings are almost-QF and max-QF
Radiographic reliability of anatomical knee landmarks for joint line determination in healthy adults
No full textBackground: The correct identification of the knee joint line is essential for successful primary and revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Small misalignments can cause restricted range of motion, patellofemoral maltracking, and extensor mechanism imbalance leading to pain and functional impairment. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of five radiographic anatomical landmarks — the fibular head, inferior patellar pole, tibial tubercle, and both femoral epicondyles — for estimating the joint line level in healthy Turkish adults. Methods: A retrospective radiographic analysis was conducted on 100 healthy adults (61 male, 39 female; 18–50 years). Perpendicular distances from these five bony landmarks to the joint line were measured digitally by two independent observers using a PACS system under standardized calibration to minimize projection errors. Inter-observer reliability was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Power analysis was based on the fibular-head–joint-line (FH–JL) distance as the primary outcome measure. Results: The FH–JL distance measured 11.4 ± 1.8 mm with a coefficient of variation of 15.8%, showing the highest reliability. Sex-based differences were significant (11.8 mm in men vs. 10.7 mm in women, p = 0.002). ICC values for all measurements ranged from 0.91 to 0.96, indicating excellent agreement between observers. No age-related differences were found (p = 0.835). The fibular head showed strong correlations with both epicondyles (r = 0.724 and r = 0.689). Conclusion: In healthy adults, the fibular head serves as a reliable radiologic landmark that may assist in joint line restoration during revision TKA, pending validation in clinical settings. The study also acknowledges its limitations of using plain radiographs and excluding the adductor tubercle as a reference point
