15,766 research outputs found
Dr. Lin Sun, CAU, March 2013
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Lin Sun. Dr. Sun talks about an exhibit at the Woodruff Library titled "At The Boundary." Jordan Moore, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
Przedstawianie chińskiej filozofii zachodnim czytelnikom – Lin Yutang jako tłumacz międzykulturowy
No full textThe article reconstructs selected motifs in the philosophy of Lin Yutang, a twentieth-century Chinese thinker, translator and editor, especially popular in the West, undertaken, as it were, on the margins of his work to explain and popularize Chinese culture and philosophy in the West. Lin reflects on issues such as how to effectively and accurately explain a radically alien civilization to the Western-educated reader, in his or her own language, and who can appoint himself as the representative of Chinese culture at all? As a bilingual author, Lin very accurately shows the state of suspension between two cultures, characteristic of an intercultural interpreter who attempts to simultaneously move within two disproportionate, culturally determined conceptual schemes.W artykule rekonstruuję wybrane wątki refleksji Lin Yutanga, popularnego, zwłaszcza na Zachodzie, dwudziestowiecznego chińskiego myśliciela, tłumacza i redaktora, podejmowanej niejako na marginesie jego pracy na rzecz objaśniania i popularyzowania chińskiej kultury i filozofii na Zachodzie. Lin zastanawia się nad następującymi zagadnieniami, jak: W jaki sposób skutecznie, a jednocześnie trafnie opowiedzieć czytelnikowi wykształconemu w kulturze zachodniej, w jego własnym języku, o radykalnie obcej cywilizacji? Kto w ogóle może mianować samego siebie reprezentantem kultury chińskiej?
Jako autor dwujęzyczny Lin nader celnie ukazuje stan zawieszenia, stan bycia pomiędzy, charakterystyczny dla tłumacza międzykulturowego, który podejmuje próbę jednoczesnego poruszania się w obrębie dwóch niewspółmiernych, kulturowo zdeterminowanych schematów pojęciowych
sj-pdf-1-smm-10.1177_09622802221108579 - Supplemental material for Analysis of survival data with cure fraction and variable selection: A pseudo-observations approach
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-1-smm-10.1177_09622802221108579 for Analysis of survival data with cure fraction and variable selection:
A pseudo-observations approach by Chien-Lin Su, Sy Han Chiou, Feng-Chang Lin and Robert W Platt in Statistical Methods in Medical Research</p
Scytinopogon cryptomerioides W. R. Lin & P. H. Wang 2022, sp. nov.
No full textScytinopogon cryptomerioides W.R. Lin & P.H. Wang, sp. nov. (Figs. 2–5) MycoBank no.— MB 835246 Type:— TAIWAN. Nantou County, Zen-Len area (23.45 N 120.68 E, alt. 1500 m), on sandy loam soil, 5 July 2009, W. R. LIN, 0906RK10- 23 (holotype, TNMF28829). The mycelium of the fungi is associated with the roots of C. japonica trees. Etymology:—‘ cryptomerioides ’ refers to the forest habitat of the fungus and growth in association with the roots of Cryptomeria japonica. The DNA of the fungus could be detected in the roots of C. japonica and the fruiting of this fungus is affected by thinning of C. japonica (Lin et al. unpublished data). These results indicated that the fungus grows in association with the roots of C. japonica. Description:— Basidiomes coralloid, up to 50–110 mm in height, branched, tufts arising from a common stem or cluster of stems, white, cream or tan when fresh, rather tough, subcoriaceous, brown on drying, caespitose, gregarious or solitary on sandy loam soil. Stipe up to 10–30 × 1–6 mm, cylindric or sub-compressed, thick, arising from a tangled mass of mycelial strands. Branches dichotomous or polytomous, flattened, generally branched from the base. The mycelium was associated with the roots of C. japonica (Fig. 2B). Hyphal system monomitic; tramal hyphae smooth, thin-walled, colorless, 2–3 μm wide, ampullate at septa, all with clamps. Basidia formed laterally from generative hyphae, with basal clamp (Fig. 5). Basidia 35–42 × 5.5–6 μm, clavate, finely granular-vacuolate, with four conical sterigmata (mostly 3–4 μm long). Cystidia absent (Figs. 4A, 5). Basidiospores (Fig. 3A–B) 4.0–6.0 × 3–3.5 μm, colorless, ellipsoid, echinulate or verrucose with acute warts or spines 0.5–0.7 μm long, slightly angular, inamyloid and cyanophilous. Hilar appendix small, obscured by spore ornamentation. Basidiospore development (Fig. 4) starts with a spherical enlargement of the sterigma apex to form a basidiospore primordium 0.6–0.8 μm in diameter (Fig. 4A). The basidiospore initially grows asymmetrically on its abaxial side (Fig. 4B). The spherical body enlargements, the hilar appendices, and the ornamentation formation of the basidiospore are shown in Fig. 4B–C, the depression of the hilar appendices in Fig. 4D. Habitat and distribution:—terrestrial, solitary, gregarious, or caespitose on sandy loam soil (Fig. 2A). This taxon was collected on the ground in forests dominated by Cryptomeria japonica at an elevation of 600–2100 m. The fruiting lasted for 2 to 3 months. The mycelium was associated with the roots of C. japonica. Lin et al. (2015) found that the fruiting of saprophytic fungi was negatively affected by tree-cutting in C. japonica plantations, whether this is the case for S. cryptomerioides could be the subject of another study. Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— TAIWAN. Nantou County, Zen-Len area, 23°45’ N 120°68’ E, elev. 1300–1500 m, 5 July 2009, 0906RK6-10 (Tunghai University); Nantou County, Zen-Len area, at 23°45’ N 120°68’ E, elev. 1300–1500 m, 5 June 2009, 0906RK6-23 (Tunghai University); Nantou County, Zen-Len area, at 23°45’ N 120°68’ E, elev. 1300–1500 m, 5 June 2009, 0906RK7-1 (Tunghai University); Hsinchu County, Guanwu, at 121°07’E, 24°31’N, elev. 2000–2250, 2 October 2010, 1010WRK-10 (Tunghai University).Published as part of Lin, Wan-Rou, Wang, Pi-Han & Hsieh, Sung-Yuan, 2022, Scytinopogon cryptomerioides (Hydnodontaceae), a new species from Taiwan, pp. 73-83 in Phytotaxa 552 (1) on pages 78-80, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.552.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/667326
Differential roles of the microRNA let-7 in C. elegans tissue development
No full textThe organs and tissues of the human body comprise of an astonishing variety of cells as different in morphology and function as muscle cells and neurons. Amazingly, despite their different protein contents, they largely contain the identical genomic information. In order to understand the processes that enable this differentiation, we need to determine the underlying regulatory mechanisms. A very recent discovery in this context was the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression by microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are small RNA molecules that mediate translational repression and degradation of mRNA transcripts through partial complementarity to their 3’ untranslated region (UTR) . Among the first miRNAs to be identified, let-7 stands out for its high conservation in sequence and developmental functions in development throughout the animal kingdom. During my PhD, I studied the role of let-7 in Caenorhabditis elegans in the context of two distinct processes of tissue development, namely differentiation of the epidermis (called hypodermis), and morphogenesis of the vulva. The functions of the let-7 miRNA in formation of the adult cuticle have been extensively studied and are well understood. let-7 controls differentiation of specific, mitotically active epidermal cells by inducing cell cycle exit, fusion, and switch to an adult specific transcriptional program upon repression of targets such as lin-41, daf-12, hbl-1 and let-60/ras. I set out to identify novel interactors of let-7 in a genome-wide RNAi screen for suppression of the lethal let-7 bursting phenotype. Candidates were then verified using fluorescence-based reporter systems for onset of hypodermis differentiation and intensity of repression of a known target. Thereby, I was able to validate a whole set of novel members of the let-7 network, comprising genes downstream in the pathway as well as potential regulators of let-7 activity. Notably, both groups of repressors contain factors required for cell cycle progression and mitosis, which indicates an active crosstalk between let-7 and the cell-cycle machinery. In a second project, I explored the molecular basis for the prominent let-7 vulval bursting phenotype. Despite the absence of overproliferation or any other obvious phenotype in vulval morphogenesis, I was able to show that let-7 activity is required in the vulva, and that its major function in this context is repression of a single target, namely lin-41. Disruption of let-7 binding to lin-41 through modification of the let-7 complementary sites by CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genome editing suffices to trigger the bursting phenotype, proving that repression of a single target is the key function of the miRNA in this context. In summary, my work shows that while both differentiation of hypodermis as well as vulval integrity are mediated through repression of lin-41, the downstream effect of this regulation seem to differ, suggesting that let-7 can be wired to control distinct processes depending on the cellular context. With respect to the latest findings both in C. elegans as well as in mammals, it will be interesting to determine if this depends on differential molecular functions of LIN-41 in the two tissues
Filozofia życia Lina Yutanga
No full textThe purpose of this article has been to present an interpretation of the writings of Lin Yutang (1895–1976), Chinese writer, thinker, translator, linguist, and inventor, from a philosophical perspective. Lin Yutang was, above all, a bilingual author and thinker, raised and educated simultaneously in two cultures, i. e. the circle of Chinese tradition and Christian culture of the English-speaking world. His immense erudition and intellectual ability naturally marked him out– in both a literal and a metaphorical sense – as a go-between the Chinese tradition and 20th-century and the Western civilization. In his long life, Lin published more than sixty books, forty of which came out in English and only six of these were novels. The list of his non-fiction books is much longer and includes short and long essays, monographs on ancient Chinese sages, such as Confucius, Laozi or Zhuangzi, and their translations and anthologies. Lin gained remarkable popularity with several highly applauded fiction books and an effort to transplant Chinese culture in the West. And yet, even though he rose to great fame as a “Chinese philosopher” after the publication of My Country My People (1935) and The Importance of Living (1937), his philosophical thought, scattered throughout his many writings, has rarely been the subject of academic research.Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie – z perspektywy filozoficznej – pewnej interpretacji pism Lina Yutanga (1895–1976), chińskiego pisarza, myśliciela, tłumacza, lingwisty i wynalazcy. Lin Yutang był przede wszystkim dwujęzycznym autorem i myślicielem, wychowanym i wykształconym w dwóch obszarach kulturowych, a mianowicie w kręgu tradycji chińskiej oraz w chrześcijańskim obszarze świata anglojęzycznego. Jego wielka erudycja i talenty intelektualne sprawiły, że mógł on stać się – w sensie metaforycznym i tym zupełnie dosłownym – pośrednikiem między tradycją chińską oraz dwudziestowieczną cywilizacją Zachodu. W ciągu swojego długiego życia Lin opublikował ponad sześćdziesiąt książek. Czterdzieści z nich ukazało się w przekładach angielskich – i tylko sześć stanowiły powieści. Lista niebeletrystycznych prac Lina jest znacznie dłuższa i obejmuje m.in. krótkie i długie eseje, monografie poświęcone chińskim mędrcom takim jak Konfucjusz, Laozi czy Zhuangazi, a także przekłady i antologie z tłumaczeniami ich dzieł. Szczególną popularność przyniosło Linowi kilka książek beletrystycznych, niezwykle wysoko ocenionych przez krytykę, popularność zyskał Lin również dzięki swym próbom częściowego przeszczepienia kultury chińskiej na grunt zachodni. Po opublikowaniu My Country My People (1935) oraz The Importance of Living (1937) Lin osiągnął wielką sławę jako „filozof chiński”, jednak jego własna myśl filozoficzna, rozproszona w wielu tekstach, rzadko bywała przedmiotem zainteresowania uczonych
Vascular endothelial growth factor restores delayed tumor progression in tumors depleted of macrophages
No full textGenetic depletion of macrophages in Polyoma Middle T oncoprotein (PyMT)-induced mammary tumors in mice delayed the angiogenic switch and the progression to malignancy. To determine whether vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) produced by tumor-associated macrophages regulated the onset of the angiogenic switch, a genetic approach was used to restore expression of VEGF-A into tumors at the benign stages. This stimulated formation of a high-density vessel network and in macrophage-depleted mice, was followed by accelerated tumor progression. The expression of VEGF-A led to a massive infiltration into the tumor of leukocytes that were mostly macrophages. This study suggests that macrophage-produced VEGF regulates malignant progression through stimulating tumor angiogenesis, leukocytic infiltration and tumor cell invasion
Seeing beauty in a face: a framework for poetry translation & its criticism
No full textThe thesis aims to propose a framework for poetry translation and its criticism. It is demonstrated how criticism on poetry translation can discuss the source text and target text in a way that they may well be two pieces of prose and miss a very important point: their aesthetic value as poetry. The thesis goes on to investigate an important issue of poetry translation: what makes �·poetry poetry. For if poetry is to be translated into poetry and criticized as poetry, this will be a highly relevant issue. An investigation into both Chinese and Western traditions shows that the common ground shared is that poetry in a poem is something holistic and coming from those aesthetically effective contextual relations from the poem. Gestalt Theory is introduced as the backbone of the framework to embody how those contextual relations function and a new term for the poetry one reads in a poem is coined, poestalt-combining poem and gestalt. The framework then is applied to investigate three issues and its significance to the criticism of poetry translation: Firstly, how poestalt may emerge mid the condition for this to happen, i.e. aesthetic coherence. Secondly, the significance of the creative involvement of the reader/translators, which is an important element of poetry reading/translation. Thirdly, the nature of the contextual relation and poestalt, which is highly related to the former two.issues. With this framework, the thesis shows that the poestalt emerging from the source text is the relevant object of poetry translation and its comparison with the poestalt emerging from the target text is the object for the criticism of poetry translation
C. elegans lin-45 raf gene participates in let-60 ras-stimulated vulval differentiation
No full textVulval differentiation in Caenorhabditis elegans is controlled by intercellular signalling mediated by a receptor tyrosine kinase and a ras gene product. The lin-45 gene encodes a homologue of the raf family of serine/threonine kinases and is necessary for vulval differentiation. The lin-45 raf gene product appears to act downstream of the ras protein in this pathway. A proto-oncogene-mediated signalling pathway may be a common feature of metazoan development
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