1,721,016 research outputs found
Center frequency as optimal frequency of visual stimulation for spreading entrained gamma rhythms to other target brain regions in cognitively normal older adults
No full textGamma entrainment using 40 Hz sensory stimulation has shown promise in AD mouse models, but inconsistent results in AD patients, possibly due to interspecies and interindividual differences in center frequency (CF). This study aimed to investigate whether gamma rhythms entrained by visual stimulation at an individual's CF can spread better than those at other frequency conditions in older adults. We entrained gamma rhythms in 32 cognitively normal older participants using light flickering at 32 Hz, 34 Hz, 36 Hz, 38 Hz, and 40 Hz. We identified each individual's CF among these five frequencies and compared the spread, strength, and stability of gamma connectivity induced by light stimulation flickering at an individual's CF with those at other frequencies using generalized estimating equation and repeated measures ANOVA. In about two-thirds of the participants, 32 Hz (40.6%) and 34 Hz (28.1%) were identified as CF. The mean spread, strength, and stability of gamma connectivity involving the visual cortex (GCV-NV) were higher than those do not involve the visual cortex (GCNV-NV, p < 0.05). Between the visual cortex and other brain regions, FLS induced with frequencies of high event related spectral perturbation values, including CF and non-center frequency (NCF) 1, generally induced broader, stronger, and more stable gamma connectivity compared to most other NCFs (p < 0.001 when comparing NCFs with either CF and NCF1 for both strength and spread; p = 0.012 when comparing CF and NCF3 for stability). Gamma rhythms entrained by visual stimulation may better spread to other brain regions when its frequency matched to the individual's CF.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
DSM-5 도입이 치매 및 경도인지장애 역학지표 추정에 미치는 영향
Full text link학위논문 (박사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 의과대학 의학과, 2019. 2. 김기웅.Background: To examine the impact of the revised diagnostic criteria for neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-5 on the prevalence estimates of dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
Methods: Two independent nationwide community random samples: 755 participants aged 65 years or older from the Nationwide Survey on Dementia Epidemiology in Korea (NaSDEK) 2012 and 6,818 participants aged 60 years or older from the community-based prospective elderly cohort named Korean Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Aging and Dementia (KLOSCAD) were re-diagnosed according to the DSM-5 criteria.
Results: The estimated age-, gender-, education-, and urbanicity-standardized prevalences of major and mild NCDs (NaSDEK/KLOSCAD) were 8.35%/5.15% and 11.10%/15.99%, respectively, and those of dementia and MCI were 8.74%/ 5.32% and 27.18%/26.64%, respectively. Cohens kappa for dementia and major NCD was 0.988/0.969, and that for MCI and mild NCD was 0.151/0.210. Prevalence of dementia was not significantly changed according to any age, gender, and educational strata and that of MCI decreased significantly in all strata except the strata of those aged 75 years or older, females, and those with seven or more years of education.
Conclusion: Diagnostic discrepancies between major/mild NCDs and dementia/ MCI, which have mainly been due to the operationalization of neuropsychological performance criteria, may decrease in prevalence with the introduction of DSM-5. Hierarchical application of each criterion may minimize subjects with diagnostic orphans, which are caused by mismatches between neuropsychological performance and the level of functional impairment when using DSM-5.서론: 2013년 정신질환 진단 및 통계 편람(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) 5판(DSM-5)에서 주요신경인지장애 및 경도신경인지장애의 진단 기준이 발표되었다. 본 연구에서는 정신질환 진단 및 통계 편람 5판의 신경인지장애 진단 기준이 치매와 경도인지장애의 유병율에 미치는 영향을 검증하고자 하였다.
방법: 두 개의 독립적인 전국단위 노인 표본인 제2차 전국치매역학조사 (Nationwide Survey on Dementia Epidemiology in KoreaNaSDEK 2012)의 진단 평가에 참여한 65세 이상 755명, 전국단위 지역사회 전향적 코호트 연구인 한국인의 인지노화와 치매에 대한 전향적 연구 (Korean Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Aging and DementiaKLOSCAD) 기저평가에 참여한 60세 이상 6,818명의 평가 자료를 DSM-5 진단 기준에 따라 재진단하였다.
결과: 2010년 센서스 노인 인구의 연령, 성별, 교육연한, 도농 표준화 주요신경인지장애 유병율은 8.35%/5.15% (NaSDEK/KLOSCAD) 였고, 경도신경인지장애 유병율은 11.10%/15.99% 였다. DSM-IV 진단 기준에 따른 치매 유병율은 8.74%/5.32% 였고, International working group on mild cognitive impairment 진단 기준에 따른 경도인지장애 유병율은 27.18%/26.64% 였다. 주요신경인지장애와 치매의 Cohens kappa 값은 0.988/0.969 였으며, 경도신경 인지장애와 경도인지장애의 Cohens kappa 값은 0.151/0.210 으로 나타났다. 신경인지검사 수행수준에 대한 진단기준 항목이 주요/경도신경인지장애와 치매/경도인지장애의 진단 불일치의 주된 요인으로 작용하였다. 연령, 성별, 교육연한 계층별 치매 유병율은 각 계층별 주요신경인지장애 유병율과 유의 한 차이가 없었으나, 75세 이상, 여성, 교육연한 7년 이상인 층을 제외한 전 계층에서 경도신경인지장애 유병율은 경도인지장애 유병율에 비해 유의한 감소를 보였다.
결론: DSM-5 진단 기준을 사용할 경우 치매와 주요신경인지장애의 유병율 수준은 비슷하나, 경도인지장애에 비해 경도신경인지장애의 유병율은 유의 하게 낮아진다. 신경인지검사 수행수준에 대한 진단기준항목과 일상 생활 기 능에서의 독립 수준에 대한 진단기준항목 불일치에서 발생하는 진단 상실자 (diagnostic orphans)를 최소화하기 위하여 진단 기준의 위계적 적용이 도움이 될 수 있다.Abstract i
Table of Contents iii
List of Tables iv
List of Figures vi
List of Abbreviations vii
Introduction 1
Methods 10
Results 20
Discussion 39
References 46
Appendix 51
국문초록 53Docto
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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