16 research outputs found
Actualités dans la prise en charge des patients atteints d’agents transmissibles non conventionnels
No full textLes agents transmissibles non conventionnels, responsables des maladies à prions ou encéphalopathies spongiformes transmissibles, sont des maladies humaines et animales, connues de longue date et ayant la caractéristique particulière d’être transmissibles naturellement ou expérimentalement.
Elles se définissent aussi par leur rareté, leur longue durée d’incubation, leur évolution fatale sans rémission, sans aucune réaction inflammatoire ou immunitaire détectable et par des lésions cérébrales qui associent spongiose, raréfaction neuronale et gliose astrocytaire.
Chez l’homme, on distingue des formes sporadiques, génétiques et infectieuses, et s’expriment sur le plan symptomatique par des signes neurologiques touchant surtout les domaines de la cognition et de la motricité.
Leur diagnostic est parfois difficile. En plus de l’électroencéphalogramme(EEG) et de l’examen du liquide cérébrospinal (LCS) avec détection de la protéine 14-3-3, l’imagerie par résonance magnétique cérébrale (IRM) permet souvent de fournir des éléments en faveur du diagnostic dont la certitude n’est cependant apportée que par l’examen anatomopathologique du cerveau.
Sur le plan pratique, leur diagnostic permet la mise en place de mesures de prévention visant à éviter une transmission secondaire, l’inclusion dans des protocoles thérapeutiques et la mise en place d’un conseil génétique dans les formes familiales.
Il n’y a actuellement aucun traitement ayant prouvé son efficacité contre les encéphalopathies spongiformes transmissibles (EST). Il reste donc à l’heure actuelle largement symptomatique et préventif
Local versus Global Optimization of Electron Lens System Design
No full textIn electron optics, the design of electron lens systems is still a challenge. To optimize such systems, the objective function which should be calculated, depends on the electric potential distribution in the space created by the lenses. To obtain the electric potential, the existing methods are generally based on some mathematical techniques which need to mesh the space of the lens system and derive the electric potential at all mesh points. Hence, calculation of the objective function for such systems are computationally expensive. Therefore, applying a fully automatic optimization routine has not yet been feasible, especially for lens systems with many free variables. Hence, the study of objective-function landscape of such problems has not yet been performed. One of the questions of interest for optical designers, that has not been studied in the literature, is whether this problem can be solved by a local optimizer or is it necessary to apply a global optimizer. Recently we succeeded in implementing a method (based on a so-called SOEM (Second Order Electrode Method) technique) which calculates the electric potential in a fast and reasonably accurate way. In this paper, that method, is implemented to perform the study of local versus global optimization for electron lens design. The global optimization method here is performed by GA (Genetic Algorithm). The objective function is taken to be the probe size of the electron beams at the image plane. The results of our study show that the objective function of this problem has many local minima and the optimization of such problems cannot be handled by a local optimizer. GA is shown to perform well by overcoming these multiple-local minima to arrive at a global minima.Virtual/online event due to COVID-19 Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.ImPhys/Microscopy Instrumentation & TechniquesDC systems, Energy conversion & Storag
[18F]FDG PET/CT revealing extensive cutaneous involvement in Sézary syndrome
Get PDFSézary syndrome is a rare cutaneous T-cell lymphoma characterized by erythroderma and circulating malignant T cells. This study presents the case of a 31-year-old man with extensive skin involvement detected by 2-deoxy-2-[¹⁸F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT), demonstrating widespread hypermetabolic lesions across the body. In contrast to computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which may overlook subtle or millimetric cutaneous lesions, [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT accurately delineated the extent of disease and provided critical information for staging, therapeutic decision-making, and response assessment. This case underscores the clinical value of [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT in evaluating extensive cutaneous involvement in Sézary syndrome
Bilateral renal involvement in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma on fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography
No full textSecondary renal involvement in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is rare and associated with poor prognosis. We, hereby, described a case of a patient diagnosed with DLBCL, in whom bilateral renal involvement was detected on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT). The patient received 4 courses of chemotherapy, and follow-up 18F-FDG PET/CT revealed the complete resolution of the diffuse increased renal 18F-FDG uptake. Renal lymphoma is uncommon and 18F-FDG PET/CT is particularly useful for detecting extranodal involvement in DLBLC
The Cross in Rūmī’s Maṯnawī
No full textA cursory reading of Rūmī’s Maṯnawī suggests that the author follows the dominant Qur’ānic interpretation denying Jesus Christ’s Crucifixion. Closer analysis demonstrates, however, that Rūmī interprets the Cross and considers its spiritual significance in a subtle and symbolic way. This study addresses this contradiction by developing a synthesis that clarifies Rūmī’s spiritual anthropology. In the Islamic context, his writing constitutes a significant attempt to understand and interpret the Christian Scriptures and overcome sensitive points of conflict that are considered dividing lines between the faiths
Global Dialogue Among Religions: An Islamic Perspective
Get PDFThe author raises questions about some aspects of the role of the theologian in a global world. He points out that the issues that theology faced in the past do not always directly connect with today’s issues. In the past, a Muslim theologian was considered an expert in theology, law and Sufism. But many definitive categories from the past seem antiquated in today’s complicated post-modern, globalizing world. We must now formulate our discourse in such a way as to be meaningful within our respective communities, but also within a larger pluralistic audience. Dialogue facilitates the process of distinguishing between the essential and the contingent. It can purify us of cultural ideology or imperialist religiosity. The Focolare offers a model for this wide-open dialogue, especially where tradition seems to conflict with innovation
Religions in al-Ḥarāllī’s Sufi Hermeneutics: An Apolemical Understanding of the Qurʾān
No full textThis article analyzes the three introductory epistles to Sufi hermeneutics written by al-Ḥarāllī, a mystic of Andalusian origin from the seventh/thirteenth century. According to this author, the objective of the Scriptures is to explain human beings to themselves. The revelation, received through a particular understanding called fahm, contains transformative knowledge that can change the life of the reader. In this foundational work, al-Ḥarāllī explains the relationship between the Qurʾān and preceding Scriptures, recognizing in the Qurʾān their unity and fulfillment. Dedicating the final chapter of the third epistle to the seven religions mentioned in the Qurʾān, which are, rather, ethical prototypes, he seeks to internalize the Qurʾānic critique expounded on each of these categories. In a reading that goes beyond polemics and offers significant elements to the Islamic theology of religions, al-Ḥarāllī demonstrates how the aim of the Qurʾānic narratives is not to present information about the past but rather to provide moral education for the Islamic community and the reader
From the Dakar world festival (1966) to the Pan-African Festival in Algiers (1969): tensions and invisibilisation of cultural worlds in political arenas.
No full textThis article reflects on the Dakar (1966) and Algiers (1969) festivals. There is a large body of literature on the impact of the two festivals, discussions between art, Blackness, Pan-Africanism, countless archives, newspaper materials, films, articles and books. Our proposal is to complement this, to read between the lines and consider the festivals as political arenas in a delimited space-time, almost total social facts. Our focus is on the nuances and criticisms written, highlighting, for example, voices from the diaspora, delving into internal tensions and raising questions that are not so recurrent, confronting the intentions of the Festivals with the demands of the populations of the two countries. Our attention focused on internal and external criticisms of the Dakar festival. We then questioned the Pan-African Festival in Algiers, which silenced identities present at the birth of the Algerian nation and kept alive its Saharan festival traditions. This is not a comparison between the festivals, but a study of their specificities in performances that have resulted in the invalidation of different cultures in the course of these world spectacles. The author and author seek to look at the historical processes of the two festivals, problematizing the political aspects of these arenas, showcases of African cultures on the move.Este artigo traz reflexões sobre os festivais de Dacar (1966) e de Argel (1969). Existe uma ampla literatura sobre os impactos dos dois festivais, discussões entre arte, Negritude, Pan-africanismo, inúmeros arquivos, materiais de jornais, filmes, artigos e livros. Nossa proposta vai no sentido de complementar, ler nas entrelinhas e considerar os festivais como arenas políticas em espaço-tempo delimitados, quase fatos sociais totais. Nosso foco se encontra nas nuances e críticas escritas, evidenciando, por exemplo, vozes da diáspora, adentrar tensões internas e levantar questões não tão recorrentes, confrontando as intenções dos Festivais com reivindicações das populações dos dois países. Nossa atenção se concentrou em críticas internas e externas ao festival de Dacar. Em seguida, interrogamos o festival pan-africano de Argel que silenciou identidades presentes no nascimento da Nação argelina e mantinham vivas suas tradições de festivais saarianos. Não se trata de uma comparação entre os festivais e sim de um estudo de suas especificidades em atuações que resultaram em inviabilizações de diferentes culturas no decorrer desses espetáculos mundiais. O autor e a autora procuram se debruçar sobre os processos históricos dos dois festivais, problematizando os aspectos políticos dessas arenas, vitrines das culturas africanas em movimento
Acute Laryngeal Dyspnea as the First Presentation of Mantle Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
No full textIntroduction. Acute laryngeal dyspnea is a life-threatening emergency, and the causes in adults are most often laryngeal tumors or inflammatory edema. Lymphoma of the larynx and especially the mantle cell type is extremely rare. Case Presentation. We report a case of a 43-year-old woman with no particular pathological history. She presented with progressive dyspnea which has evolved towards an inspiratory bradypnea that worsened until she ultimately required an emergency tracheotomy. Biopsies revealed mantle cell lymphoma. The patient has been staged IVB MIPI 6, and she was treated by immunochemotherapy followed by ASCT. The therapeutic evaluation shows a complete remission, 18 months after, and the patient was always disease free. Conclusion. The laryngeal localization of the mantle cell lymphoma is extremely rare; it may present catastrophically with acute airway obstruction. The diagnosis is mostly histological, hence the interest of deep biopsy. Given its rarity, the therapeutic strategy must be discussed case by case in a multidisciplinary consultation meeting
Detecting the response of irrigation water management to climate by remote sensing monitoring of evapotranspiration
No full textThis study on a large irrigation scheme in Morocco addressed a two-fold question: (a) does the local water management authority adapt water releases to atmospheric water demand ET0-P? and (b) does crop actual evapotranspiration respond to inter- and intra-annual variability in water releases? We have evaluated the inter-annual variability of ET0-P during the period 1992-2017 and compared its anomalies (i.e., deviations from average) with anomalies in annual water release. Overall, it appeared that anomalies in water release were consistent with anomalies in ET0-P. The actual evapotranspiration (ETa) was estimated using a time series of multi-spectral satellite image data by applying the Surface Energy Balance (SEBAL) algorithm in a dry, wet, and reference year. We have determined the quartiles of the distribution of the ET0-P time series to identify these three years. The dry year was 2015-2016, the wet year was 2014-2015, and the reference (median of ET0-P) was 2013-2014. Finally, we compared seasonal and annual anomalies in ET0-P, ETa and release, Wd of irrigation water. In the period 1992-2017, the relative anomalies in ET0-P and Wd were similar only in 2000-2001 and 2015-2016. The analysis of anomalies in water inflow and stocks confirmed the response in increased Wd following wet years with higher inflow and replenishment of the reservoir. The response of crop water use to the irrigation water supply was evaluated by comparing anomalies in the ratio of actual to maximum ET, i.e., ETa/ETc with anomalies in Wd. As regards the Sidi Bennour, Faregh, and Gharbia districts, the relative anomalies in ETa/ETc and Wd were consistent, i.e., they had the same sign and comparable magnitude. Overall, the study shows that water delivery Wd responds to inter-annual variability in the pre-irrigation season water inflows into the reservoirs, rather than in ET0-P. On the other hand, actual crop water use, i.e., ETa/ETc, does respond to inter- and intra-annual variability in Wd. This evidence suggests that there is scope for adaptive water management based on a flexible adaptation of water release to inter- and intra-annual variability in water demand.Optical and Laser Remote Sensin
