1,720,968 research outputs found
Community Influences on Schooling and Work Activity of Youth in Pakistan
Get PDFThe schooling and work activities of youth remain fundamental to their human capital development. Yet we have limited understanding of factors influencing these activities in Pakistan and elsewhere. The bulk of research on children’s work and schooling looks primarily to household-level factors to explain current rates. As such, activities’ of youth are viewed as a product of family strategies for confronting poverty. On the other hand, the influences at the community level on work and schooling of youth have received relatively little attention and remain largely undeveloped in the literature. Further, work and schooling activities remain are usually investigated separately in the analyses. Most studies focus on either the work activities or schooling of youth, despite recent appeals to examine these activities simultaneously [DeGraff, Bilsborrow and Herrin (1993); Mahmood, Javaid and Baig (1994) and Weiner and Noman (1997)]. The purpose of this paper is to assess the participation of youth in work and schooling activities and the way household and community factors shape these activities. I address two central research questions in this paper. First, what is the distribution of Pakistani youth in work and schooling activities? Second, what factors influence the likelihood that youth engage in work and/or schooling? Particularly, what is the influence of community-level factors (specifically, availability of schools, wage returns to education, and infrastructure development) on the activities of youth?
DEVELOPING A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR NEGOTIATION TECHNIQUES IN CANADIAN SERVICE COMPANIES INCLUDING THE HVAC BUSINESS
Get PDFDeveloping and executing an effective “Performance Management System’ in Saudi Arabian Organization through ‘Inclusive Leadership’
Get PDFAbstract
Purpose: An effective “Performance Management System” in essential for the organizations to successfully achieve the business goals and objective and effective evaluation of the performance and opportunities, especially in metrics driven businesses like construction organizations. The research evaluates and signifies the importance of having an effective “Performance Management System”, and the factors to consider while developing an effective PMS. Further, the research examines how the change can be implemented effectively in existing organization culture, and importance of moving away from traditional leadership style, especially in Saudi organizations. While doing so, the research aims to the following outcomes
a) developing an effective PMS in the organization which can measure metrics of employees and company, so business decisions can be data centric instead of perception-based, thus, promoting fair performance evaluation, which can improve productivity, teamwork, and innovation among foreign and local employees
b) understand and enunciate how leadership can engage with the organization and the employees using competent leadership style, to drive the required change, especially in a traditional culture of resisting change
c) generate actionable knowledge which is significant to the organization, academics, and researchers’ communities.
Methodology: The method used for the research was “Quantitative approach”, which was done “digitally” using survey link, and inviting 150 employees for participation by e-mail. This was a combination of local and foreign employees across all levels of hierarchy, who were sampled using “Stratified Random Sampling” method. Following the outcome, Qualitative approach using focus group and Thematic analysis was included in enhance the thesis.
Findings: The response rate of 82 percent was indeed a great start for the first research in the organization. The outcomes clearly demanded the need for developing an effective PMS and should be similar for both foreign and Saudi employees with a voting of 92 percent and 86 percent, respectively. The research justifies the need of action research approach to address the critical issues in the organization, and enabling factors like equal opportunity, ownership of work, feedback and coaching by managers and leaders, promoting empowering employees, and employment security, as these factors are rated adversely by 75 percent of participants. The outcomes of both quantitative and qualitative methods were connected and aligned on key focus areas. Eventually, the outcomes of qualitative method using focus group were logically supported by Thematic analysis.
Value: The concept of action research is still emerging in Saudi Organizations, with limited research data and literature, given the situation the data gathered, analysis of the gathered data, relevant literature and knowledge generated on research subject will certainly support future research and inside researchers. This will also support other firms who are now shifting the ways of doing business and resolving problems by adapting new approaches including action research, due to swift changes in Saudi economy, Saudi 2030 vision and VUCA environment. The research was significant in developing potential solutions to existing critical issues in my organization like metric driven performance measurement, data driven business decisions and strategy, and adopting the culture of accepting change through employee-oriented business practices.
The contextual setting of the research is “Developing and executing an effective “Performance Management System’ in Saudi Arabian Organization through ‘Inclusive Leadership’, carried through cooperation and integrated action cycles, key performance measures with weightage, in alignment with adapting inclusive leadership style. The research concludes with brief reflection, key learnings, research phases, and actionable knowledge
The Impact of Leadership on Employee Creativity and Organisational Innovation A case study on Boehringer Ingelheim’s Middle East Turkey and Africa organization
Get PDFAbstract:
Organisations need to create competitive advantage in frequently changing business environments to grow, lead and survive. In order to achieve competitive advantage, organisations need to be more creative and innovative than they used to be. Therefore, establishing a creative and innovative culture in organisations is of utmost importance. Hence, organisations should achieve creativity at the individual level and innovation at the organisational level. Also, in today`s organiations, leaders have a pivotal role and impact on employee and organisational performance. Accordingly, leader`s influence and relationship with followers becomes crucial since it determines follower`s and organisational performance. Thus, the leadership style influences and impacts follower’s creativity and organisational innovation.
The goal of this study is to identify the impact of effective leadership style and behaviour on the employee creativity and organisational innovation at Boehringer Ingelheim (BI).
BI is a German pharmaceutical company, with offices in Turkey, the Middle East and Africa (META) and the head office is based in Dubai, UAE. Also, I aim to define the attributes of leader`s behaviours which are likely to enhance employees’ new idea generation, innovation and execution behaviour. In this research, I have selected participative action research as the methodology and the qualitative method to identify effective leadership styles and its consequences on employee creativity and organisational innovation. This has led to a new leadership proposal to enhance active leadership practice. In the qualitative method, I have followed the phenomenological approach to collect and analyse the data since I focused on the shared experience of effective leadership styles and their influence in terms of creativity and innovation on subordinates, as well as the organisation. The data collection was through an online channel in which participants received anonymous online questionnaires with open ended questions and filled them out. Afterwards, I extracted the data from each of the participants from the internal server and made the analysis accordingly
The findings of this study indicated that the effective leadership trend at BI META organisation is mainly through the directive leadership style, along with achievement-oriented leadership behaviour, which are less supportive and participative than other leadership styles. In this sense, this leadership style takes care of performance and places great value on outcomes, rather than employees. Also, business directions and strategies always come from top to bottom without engaging followers in any decision-making process. Furthermore, there is a lack of proactivity of subordinates when it comes to bringing creative ideas forward and executing them in the organisation. The reason is that subordinates believe that there is not much room for them to be proactive since effective leadership does not create such a platform to speak up and execute their ideas. Lastly, subordinates commented that the organisation is bureaucratic and it prevents organisations becoming innovative
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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