1,720,959 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Digital technology as part of craft education : a study of craft teachers’ technological competence in basic education
Get PDFTämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on selvittää millaiseksi peruskoulun käsityönopettajat Suomessa kokevat digitaalisen teknologian kompetenssinsa, miten he hyödyntävät digitaalista teknologiaa osana opetustaan ja millaiset tekijät vaikuttavat opettajien kokemukseen omasta kompetenssistaan hyödyntää digitaalista teknologiaa käsityönopetuksessa. Tavoitteena on kartoittaa käsityönopettajien teknologiakompetenssin nykytilaa, jotta kompetenssia edistäviä ja estäviä tekijöitä olisi mahdollista tiedostaa paremmin.
Tutkimuksen aineisto kerättiin strukturoidulla tutkimuskyselyllä ja tutkimushaastattelulla. Tutkimuskyselyyn vastasi 17 käsityönopettajaa ja haastatteluun osallistui neljä käsityönopettajaa. Likert-asteikollinen tutkimuskysely oli osa laajempaa Growing Mind -hanketta. Aineistot analysoitiin erikseen. Tutkimuskyselyn aineiston analyysissa tarkasteltiin vastausten frekvenssejä, mediaaneja sekä keskihajontoja. Haastatteluaineisto analysoitiin laadullisesti yh-distämällä aineistolähtöistä ja teoriaohjaavaa analyysitapaa.
Tutkimuksessa selvisi, että käsityönopettajien kokemukset omasta digitaalisen teknologian kompetenssistaan vaihtelivat. Opettajat kokivat teknologiakompetenssinsa kuitenkin riittäväksi, ja muuttumattoman kompetenssin sijaan tuloksissa korostui osaamisen ylläpitämisen ja jatkuvan kehittämisen merkitys. Digitaalisen teknologian koettiin tukevan opetusta, mutta sen hyödyntäminen osana opetusta jäi melko yksipuoliseksi. Opettajat suhtautuivat digitaaliseen teknologiaan opetuksen välineenä. Opettajien teknologiakompetenssiin vaikuttavia tekijöitä oli lukuisia, ja opettajan oman teknologiaosaamisen lisäksi on tärkeää huomioida myös konteksti, jossa opettaja työtään tekee. Suurimmaksi esteeksi oman kompetenssinsa kehittämiselle opettajat nimesivät teknologisten laitteiden, ohjelmien ja sovellusten puutteen.The purpose of this study is to investigate how craft teachers in Finnish basic education perceive their digital technology competence, how they integrate digital technology in their teaching and which factors influence the teachers’ experiences of their own competence to integrate digital technology in crafts . The aim is to map the current state of digital technology competence of craft teachers, so that it is possible to become more aware of the factors that promote and prevent it.
The research data was collected with a structured questionnaire and interview. 17 craft teachers responded to the research questionnaire, and four craft teachers participated in the interview. The Likert-scale survey was part of a larger Growing Mind research project. The two datasets were analyzed separately. In the questionnaire analysis, the frequencies, medians and standard deviations of the answers were examined. The interview material was analyzed qualitatively combining data-driven and theory-based analysis.
The results indicated that craft teachers' experiences of their own digital technology competence varied. However, teachers felt that their technological competence was sufficient, and instead of static competence, they emphasized the importance of maintenance and continuous development of the competence. Digital technology was perceived as supportive to teaching, but its use in teaching remained rather one-sided. Teachers viewed digital technology as a teaching tool. There were numerous factors influencing teachers' technological competence, and in addition to the teacher's own technological know-how, it is also important to consider the context where teachers work. The teachers identified the lack of technological equipment, programs and applications as the biggest obstacle of developing their own technological competence
Textiles’ substitute materials’ usage during depression time in Finland
No full textTässä tutkimuksessa tutkittiin, miten Suomessa 1940-luvulla käytettiin tekstiilien korvikemateriaaleja. Tarkemmin tarkasteltiin, millaisia korvikemateriaaleja käytettiin, mihin tarkoituksiin ja miten nämä korvikemateriaalit palvelivat käyttötarkoituksissaan. 1940-luvulla Suomea koetteli voimakas tekstiilipula, kun muualla maailmassa riehuva toinen maailmansota vaikeutti raaka-aineiden ja tekstiilien tuontia. Lisäksi Suomessa käydyt talvi- ja jatkosota hidastivat teollista kehitystä ja vähensivät kotimaan tuotantoa. Tämä pula pakotti kansalaiset keksimään erilaisia luovia keinoja selviytymiseen, ja yksi näistä keinoista oli korvikemateriaalien kehittäminen ja käyttö.
Aikaisempia tutkimuksia pula-ajasta on tehty, mutta kattava tarkastelu tekstiilien korvikemateriaaleista puuttuu. Moni aikaisempi tutkimus keskittyy tutkimaan pula-aikaa ja siihen liittyviä käsitöitä yleisesti. Tämä tutkimus kohdennettiin käsittelemään juuri tekstiilien korvikemateriaaleja keinona selviytyä pula-ajasta.
Tutkimus toteutettiin laadullisena historiantutkimuksena ja aineistonhankintamenetelmänä käytettiin teemahaastattelua. Haastateltavana oli vuonna 1937 Helsingissä syntynyt nainen. Aineisto analysointiin laadullisen sisällönanalyysin avulla.
Tutkimuksesta ilmeni, että korvikemateriaalien käyttö ei aina ollut kenties niin yleistä, kuin aikaisemmat tutkimukset antavat olettaa. Lisäksi esiin nousivat eroavaisuudet maaseudun ja kaupungin välillä. Selvisi, että maaseudulla selvittiin läpi pulan vanhoilla vaatevarastoilla, kun taas kaupungissa ulkonäköä pidettiin tärkeämpänä, joten erilaiset korvikemateriaalit olivat myös yleisempiä.Tiivistelmä - Referat - Abstract
This research’s main goal was to study how textiles’ substitute materials were used in Finland during the 1940’s. Research focused on what kind of substitute materials were used, in what purpose they were used and how did they work in their use. During the 1940’s there was a shortage of textiles in Finland, caused by The Second World War. The Second World War made it harder to import raw materials and textiles from around the world. In addition The Winter War and The Continuation War slowed down industrial developement and decreased domestic production. Textile shortage forced people to develop various creative ways of coping, one of which was using and developing substitute materials for textiles.
Previous studies about 1940’s shortage time have been made, but the field is lacking a study about substitute materials. Many of the previous researches consentrate on studying crafts during the depression in a more general way. This study was targeted to consentrate on textiles’ substitute materials’ as a way of coping.
The research was executed as qualitative historical study and the data was gathered using semi-structured interview. A woman born in 1937 was interviewed. The data was analyzed using the content analysis.
In this study it was found that the usage of textiles’ substitute materials’ was perhaps not that common, as the previous studies imply. In addition the differences between the countryside and the city came up. It was found, that substitute materials were more commonly used in the city, when in the countryside people coped with what they already had
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