1,720,963 research outputs found
Evaluation of antifungal activity of origanum vulgare and rosmarinus officinalis essential oil before and after inclusion in β-cyclodextrine
No full textObjective: The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the antifungal activity of essential oil of Origanum vulgare and Rosmarinus officinalis collected in north region of Albania, and how is it modified by microencapsulation with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD). Methods: Chemical composition of both isolated essential oils was determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The disc diffusion method was used to screen the antifungal activities of essential oils, before and after microencapsulation, against following dermatophytes: M. gypseum, M. canis, A. cajetani, T. violaceum, T. mentagrophytes, E. floccosum,T. rubrum, T. tonsurans and phytopatogens B. cinerea and P. oryzae. Results: The major identified compounds for Rosmarinus officinalis and Origanum vulgare essential oils, by GC/MS analyses, were respectively: 1, 8cineol, camphor, verbenone, borneol and carvacrol, thymol for O. vulgare essential oil. Maximum antifungal activity of essential oil of O. vulgare was observed against T. tonsurans, T. violaceum, T. floccosum,T. mentagrophytes. Meanwhile the essential oil of R. officinalis exhibits a moderate antifungal activity against T. violaceum. The essential oils demonstrated higher inhibition zones after microencapsulation in β-cylcodextrine. Conclusion: From the results obtained we can conclude as follows: 1. Antifungal activity of Origanum vulgare essential oil is higher compare to the antifungal activity of Rosmarinus officinalis ones due to high content of carvacrol in Origanum vulgare essential oil. 2. Microencapsulation does not change the antifungal activity of both essential oils; this should consent to achieve the optimal antifungal activity with minimum side effects of essential oil, and improved stability upon storage due to benefits of microencapsulation in β-cyclodextrine. Moreover, after encapsulation improved activity were observed
Development and validation of a GC/FID method for identification and quantification of main components of satureja montana L. essential oil
No full textObjective: Satureja montana L. is well-known for its essential oil contents and dermatological benefits. Main components of its essential oil are borneol, carvacrol, thymol, γ-terpinen, p-cymen. Our objective is to develop a Gas/Fid analytical method for quantification and identification of main components of Satureja montana L. essential oil. Methods: Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation of Satureja montana L. using Clevenger apparatus. Analyses of essential oil and validation method were developed by GC/FID apparatus tip Varian 3800. Results: The validation process; linearity, optimization of GC/FID parameters of method proposed, precision and accuracy results were statistically significant. Conclusion: The method proposed were found appropriate for GC/FID analyses of Satureja montana L
NOVEL NUTRACEUTICALS FROM ETNOPHARMACY: NIGELLA SATIVA SEEDS ESSENTIAL OILS AGAINST RECURRENT BLADDER INFECTIONS
No full textSeeds of Nigella sativa L.(Ranunculaceae), known commonly as “black cumin” have been employed for thousands years in traditional use as a spice and food preservative. Recently, many biological activities of Nigella sativa L. seeds have been reported, including: antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antimicrobial and antifungal ones. Several effects have been attributed to active principles of Nigella sativa L. which includes thymoquinone, thymohydroquinone, dithymoquinone, thymol, carvacrol, nigellicine, nigellimine-x-oxide, nigellidine and alpha-hedrin. Nigella sativa L. seed extract inhibits fungal strains. In the present study we started a systemathic evaluation on fungi and pathogenic bacteria of ether and methanolic extracts of oils from Nigella Sativa seeds. The oils were found to have important antifungal and antibacterial activities as compared to tetracycline, cefuroxime and ciprofloxacin positive controls. The ether extracts showed the stonger activity. These interesting findings has prompted us to propose Nigella sativa seeds and their extracts as possible treantment in the prevention of recurrent infection (i.e. bladder, gut and kidney) in which othe natural remedies has already shown interesting results, especially in synergic association. Therefore, a novel food supplement, based on Nigella sativa, Cranberry and Mannose, (NiCraMa) is proposed for the treatment of urinary and digestive tracts recurrent infection
CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION, ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY ASSESMENT AND INCLUSION IN CYCLODEXTRINES OF SATUREJA MONTANA L. ESSENTIAL OILS
No full textCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION, ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY ASSESMENT AND INCLUSION IN CYCLODEXTRINES OF SATUREJA MONTANA L. ESSENTIAL OIL
Herbal Drugs as Novel Antibiotics
No full textThis study is extended in many years, from 2010 in which is investigated the herbal drug biological activity. The evolution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has been developed very rapidly lately over the world. In this point, there is an urgent need to develop alternative strategies to address this issue. Herbal drugs are a very promising group since they are used since ancients time for their antimicrobial, antifungal and antinflammatory properties. The essential oils obtained from medicinal and aromatic plants by Albanian origin, such as Satureja montana, Thymus vulgaris, Origanum vulgare, Myrtus communis, Rosmarinus officinalis, Thymus capitatus and Salvia officinalis are studied for antibacterial and antifungal properties in this study
Emerging compounds and therapeutic strategies to treat infections from Trypanosoma brucei: an overhaul of the last 5-years patents
No full textIntroduction: Human African Trypanosomiasis is a neglected disease caused by infection from parasites belonging to the Trypanosoma brucei species. Only six drugs are currently available and employed depending on the stage of the infection: pentamidine, suramin, melarsoprol, eflornithine, nifurtimox, and fexinidazole. Joint research projects were launched in an attempt to find new therapeutic options for this severe and often lethal disease. Areas covered: After a brief description of the recent literature on the parasite and the disease, we searched for patents dealing with the proposal of new antitrypanosomiasis agents and, following the PRISMA guidelines, we filtered the results to those published from 2018 onwards returning suitable entries, which represent the contemporary landscape of compounds/strategies against Trypanosoma brucei. In addition, some relevant publications from the overall scientific literature were also discussed. Expert opinion: This review comprehensively covers and analyzes the most recent advances not only in the discovery of new inhibitors and their structure–activity relationships but also in the assessment of innovative biological targets opening new scenarios in the MedChem field. Finally, also new vaccines and formulations recently patented were described. However, natural and synthetic compounds were analyzed in terms of inhibitory activity and selective toxicity against human cells
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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