291 research outputs found
Small microplastics and other components of microlitter in Arctic invertebrates (Amphipods)
No full textMicroplastics larger than 100 μm have been more studied than small microplastics (SMPs,< 100 μm). Due to their size, SMPs and other microlitter components (MLCs, e.g., plastic
additives, natural and non-plastic fibres) can be carried further away from the release sources
by atmospheric and marine currents. Plastic additives are mixed with plastic polymers to
form plastic objects; they can be leached into the environment during their breakup. As
fragments, SMPs and MCLs can be easily ingested by organisms and enter the trophic web.
This study mainly focused on the identification of potential bioindicators of plastic pollution;
to do so, the environmental load of SMPs and MCLs (quantification and identification) in
organisms belonging to Arctic species of Amphipods (Crustacea) was evaluated. Some of the
genres analyzed are cosmopolitan, and they can potentially be employed as bioindicators of
plastic pollution around the globe.
In the summer of 2022, specimens of Amphipoda were sampled in the coastal waters of
Kongsfjorden, located on Spitsbergen Island, North-West of the Svalbard Archipelago. MPs
and MLCs were extracted and then analyzed via Micro-FTIR (quantification and simultaneous characterization). All the operations of the pretreatment were performed in a clean
room to minimize plastic contamination. The procedure does not use elevated temperatures
or strong reagents that can destroy the particles.
A wide variety of polymers and additives were observed; sizes, shapes and abundances were
evaluated. Most of these particles are smaller than 100 μm. This confirms that the invertebrates and other organisms can ingest these particles. The load of SMPs and MCLs in
invertebrates, predated by organisms in the upper layers of the food web, may enhance their
biomagnification. Further results will also tell us more about the release hotspots for these contaminants and the influence of local and long-range transport.
Musikstädte as real and imaginary soundscapes: urban musical images as literary motifs in twentieth-century German modernism
No full textPhDThis study examines German literary images of musical life as part of the wider sound identity of the modern German city at the turn of the twentieth century. Focussing on a forty-year period from 1890 to 1930, synonymous with the emergence of the modern German metropolis as an aesthetic object, the project assesses, compares and contrasts how musical life in the Musikstädte was perceived and portrayed by writers in an increasingly noisy urban environment. How does urban musical life influence and condition city writings? What are the differences and similarities between the writings on various musical cities? Can an urban textual sound identity be derived from these differences and similarities? The approach employed to answer these questions is a new, cross-disciplinary one to urban sound in literature, moving beyond reading the key sounds of the urban soundscape using urban musicology, sensorial anthropology and cultural poetics towards a literary contextualisation of the urban aural experience.
The literary motifs of the symphony, the gramophone and urban noise are put under the spotlight through the analysis of a wide range of modernist works by authors who have a special relationship with music. At the centre of this analysis are the Kaffeehausliteratur authors Hermann Bahr, Alfred Polgar and Peter Altenberg, the then Munich-based author Thomas Mann and the lesser known René Schickele. The analysis of these particular works is framed in the music-geographical context of the Musikstadt and literary underpinnings of this topos, ranging from Ingeborg Bachmann to Hans Mayer and, once again, Thomas Mann. In analysing these texts, the methodological approach devised by Strohm, who identifies the blending of a range of urban sounds as a definition of urban space and identity, is applied. His ideas combine historical literary
analysis, musical history and urban sociology. They are rarely used in the analysis of the auditory environment.Arts and Humanities Research Council
Westfield TrustWestfield Trust Studentship
Arts and Humanities Reseach Council (AHRC
Anthropogenic particles in European Arctic marine environments: impacts from the world's northernmost settlement at 78° N
No full textMicroplastics ( This study investigates water samples collected in the inner part of Isfjorden and Adventfjorden, located in western Svalbard, which is influenced by inflowing water masses from the Fram Strait in addition to local runoff from rivers and surrounding glaciers. The world's northernmost settlement, Longyearbyen, is also located here and has a non-treated wastewater outflow to Adventfjorden. The samples were collected on both sides of the opening of Adventfjorden. Two in the inflowing current and two in the outflowing current of the fjord. Replicate water samples were collected with a CTD cast equipped with Niskin bottles in June 2021. An already established oleo-extraction was applied to extract anthropogenic particles (¿50 µm) from the samples. The subsequent quantitative and qualitative analysis was conducted via Micro-FTIR. Results from the examination of the microplastics will be presented together with previous modelling experiments of fibre transport pathways from the wastewater outlet from Longyearbyen.
Also see: https://micro2022.sciencesconf.org/427046/documentIn MICRO 2022, Online Atlas Edition: Plastic Pollution from MACRO to nan
PLACEBO - PLasticizers, Additives, miCroplastics in sEawater in SvalBard ArchipealgO
No full textMicroplastics (MPs; > 100 μm) have been analyzed in several studies while small microplastics (SMPs; < 100 μm), additives, and plasticizers (APs) presence in the water column has not been investigated yet in detail. Svalbard Archipelago is a significant area for the identification of these particles. They can flow into the Arctic waters from mid and low latitudes by ocean currents and winds and they can be more easily transported than larger particles. Also, coastal sources, sea ice, and glaciers melting may locally contribute to their presence in Arctic seawater. Moreover, the evaluation of SMPs and APs' is essential since invertebrates can ingest these particles entering the trophic web and the abundance of these particles is mostly higher than that of components > 100 μm. In September 2022, surface water samples were collected with Niskin Bottles along Kongsfjorden and Krossfjorden. Fieldwork activities were carried out on the MS-Teisten small research vessel. The seawater samples have been partially processed at the Dirigible Italia Arctic station laboratories using filtering apparatus and GF/F filters. Onsite filtration was essential to facilitate the transport of samples back to the laboratories in Venice, where the elutriation procedure will be carried out. Sampling and laboratory activities were conducted by reducing the potential sources of contamination and wearing cotton clothes and nitrile gloves. Field and laboratory blanks were made during each activity. This project aims to (i) give a great field contribution to expand the current knowledge on SMPs (<100 μm), (ii) fill the knowledge gap on APs that provide specific physicochemical properties to polymers, (iii) investigate the different contributions of surface waters, glaciers, and sea ice melt, (iv) and build a broader picture of the potential sources of release, transport, and accumulation of these particles in the marine environment
Ingeborg Drewitz in the Field of Literature and Politics
No full textDer aus einer Berliner Tagung im November 2003 hervorgegangene Band „Von der Unzerstörbarkeit des Menschen“ versammelt zahlreiche interessante Beiträge zu Leben und Werk der Autorin Ingeborg Drewitz. Der erste Teil des Bandes ist unter dem Titel „Vita activa“ vor allem dem vielfältigen politischen Engagement der Autorin gewidmet, während „Themen und Schreibweisen“ ihres literarischen Werks in einem sehr umfangreichen zweiten Teil behandelt werden. Insgesamt zeichnen die Texte in dem Band ein sehr differenziertes Bild von Ingeborg Drewitz als engagierter Schriftstellerin und von ihrem Werk.The volume “On Human Indestructibility” (“Von der Unzerstörbarkeit des Menschen“), which is based on a conference held in Berlin in November 2003, contains numerous interesting contributions on the life and work of the author Ingeborg Drewitz. The first part of the volume, which is entitled “Vita activa,” is dedicated to the author’s numerous political engagements, while the expansive second section, “Themes and Syntax,” approaches her literary work. In total, the texts in the volume draw a differentiated image of the politically engaged author Ingeborg Drewitz and of her work
Pisarka w ukryciu. Uwagi do polskiej recepcji twórczości Ingeborg Bachmann
No full textThe author observes and comments on how the reception process has worked in Poland as regards Ingeborg Bachmann, particularly within a feminist context and interpretation of her works. There is indication that difficulties occur in interpretation as well as the frequent occurrence of something that can referred to as the “stereotyping of reception”. Additionally, the author points out the need for a more complete reading of the works of the Austrian writer using a new methodology of literary criticism
Let it glow! Adapting a method to detect microplastics in snow and evaluate the potential for long-range transport
No full textHarmonization of methods in microplastics research is lacking; this is affecting the comparability of results and hindering reproducibility. Investigating microplastics in snow is a relatively new field of research, and it can be used to answer questions about long-range atmospheric transport of microplastics. In this thesis, snow sampling methods were combined with the dye, Nile Red, to develop a method to identify and quantify microplastics in snow. There was an emphasis on quality control (QC) and quality assurance (QA), and blank samples were taken throughout the sampling and laboratory procedures. To test and validate the method, a study was performed in northern Norway to compare urban and rural locations. In addition to the field samples, laboratory testing was done by staining know plastic polymers and excluding possible staining of different organic material occurring in snow. We found that the urban locations contained a significantly higher mean number of microplastics per liter of snow compared to rural locations, 694 ± 375 (mean ± S.E.) particles L-1 snow vs. 432 ± 386 particles L-1 snow, respectively. The most substantial proportion of microplastics was in the lowest size class (22-50 µm) for both rural and urban locations. This protocol provides a simple and effective method that can be applied anywhere and could increase the comparability of results
Zur Aufnahme der Theaterstücke von Ingeborg von Zadow in Polen
No full textZur Aufnahme der Theaterstücke von Ingeborg von Zadow in Polen In der heutigen polnischen Kindertheaterwelt ist das Werk von Ingeborg von Zadow eine Besonderheit. Der Erfolg ihrer Stücke resultiert aus der engen Bindung der Autorin ans Theater – ihrer vielschichtigen Arbeit als Textverfasserin und Regisseurin. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt die Stücke von Ingeborg von Zadow vor, die ins Polnische übersetzt und durch polnische Theater aufgeführt wurden. Die Texte werden neben der Rezeptionsanalyse, einer literarischen Analyse unterworfen. Aus der Untersuchung geht hervor, dass die Werke der Dramenautorin sowohl den Kindern als auch ihren Eltern eine Möglichkeit geben, sich objektiv mit den nicht einfachen Themen wie Trennung, Entscheidungentreffen oder Freundschaftskrise auseinanderzusetzen. In the modern realm of children’s theatre in Poland, the works of German playwright Ingeborg von Zadow holds a special position. The success of her texts in Germany and abroad undoubtedly stems from the author’s close relationship with the theatre – her involvement as writer and director. This article presents Ingeborg von Zadow’s “children’s plays” which have been staged by Polish theatres and theatre companies. The plays, besides being analysed on the basis of their reception in Poland, have undergone general literary analysis. It shows that the playwright’s works allow both children and their parents to deal objectively with the rather problematical subjects of parting, making difficult decisions, or the crisis of friendship.Zur Aufnahme der Theaterstücke von Ingeborg von Zadow in Polen In der heutigen polnischen Kindertheaterwelt ist das Werk von Ingeborg von Zadow eine Besonderheit. Der Erfolg ihrer Stücke resultiert aus der engen Bindung der Autorin ans Theater – ihrer vielschichtigen Arbeit als Textverfasserin und Regisseurin. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt die Stücke von Ingeborg von Zadow vor, die ins Polnische übersetzt und durch polnische Theater aufgeführt wurden. Die Texte werden neben der Rezeptionsanalyse, einer literarischen Analyse unterworfen. Aus der Untersuchung geht hervor, dass die Werke der Dramenautorin sowohl den Kindern als auch ihren Eltern eine Möglichkeit geben, sich objektiv mit den nicht einfachen Themen wie Trennung, Entscheidungentreffen oder Freundschaftskrise auseinanderzusetzen. In the modern realm of children’s theatre in Poland, the works of German playwright Ingeborg von Zadow holds a special position. The success of her texts in Germany and abroad undoubtedly stems from the author’s close relationship with the theatre – her involvement as writer and director. This article presents Ingeborg von Zadow’s “children’s plays” which have been staged by Polish theatres and theatre companies. The plays, besides being analysed on the basis of their reception in Poland, have undergone general literary analysis. It shows that the playwright’s works allow both children and their parents to deal objectively with the rather problematical subjects of parting, making difficult decisions, or the crisis of friendship
Selective Labeling of Small Microplastics with SERS-Tags Based on Gold Nanostars: Method Optimization Using Polystyrene Beads and Application in Environmental Samples
No full textMicroplastics pollution is being unanimously recognized as a global concern in all environments. Routine analysis protocols foresee that samples, which are supposed to contain up to hundreds of microplastics, are eventually collected on nanoporous filters and inspected by microspectroscopy techniques like micro-FTIR or micro-Raman. All particles, whether made of plastic or not, must be inspected one by one to detect and count microplastics. This makes it extremely time-consuming, especially when Raman is adopted, and indeed mandatory for the small microplastic fraction. Inspired by the principles of cell labeling, the present study represents the first report in which gold nanostars (AuNS) are functionalized to act as SERS-tags and used to selectively couple to microplastics. The intrinsic bright signals provided by the SERS-tags are used to run a quick scan over a wide filter area with roughly 2 orders of magnitude shorter analysis time in respect of state of the art in micro- and nanoplastics detection by μ-Raman. The applicability of the present protocol has been validated at the proof-of-concept level on both fabricated and real offshore marine samples. It is indeed worth mentioning that a SERS-based approach is herein successfully applied on filters and protocols routinely adopted in environmental microplastics monitoring, paving the way for future implementations and applications
Ingeborg Bachmann’ın “malina” adlı eserinin feminist açıdan yorumlanması
No full text06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Bu çalışmanın konusu feminist unsurlar taşıyan Ingeborg Bachmann'ın Malina adlı eserindeki feminist unsurlardır. Toplamda üç bölüme ayrılan bu çalışmanın ilk bölümünde Bachmann tarafından kaleme alınan tüm eserleri göz önünde tutularak bu eserlerde ön planda bulunan karakterler ve yazarın feminist akımın etkisi altındaki bakış açısını yansıtan konular ele alınmaktadır. Bütün bu eserlerin genel olarak incelenmesi sonucunda, yazarın diğer eserlerine benzer olarak Malina adlı romanını da feminist ideolojiden soyutlayarak oluşturmadığı sonucu anlaşılmaktadır. Ayrıca bu bölümde başka yazarların Bachmann'a dair görüşlerine de yer verilmektedir.Tezin ikinci bölümünde bir yandan Bachmann'ın eserlerine yansıyan feminist akıma ve edebiyat eleştirisinin kavramsal olarak tanımlanmasına yer verilirken, diğer yandan feminizmin tarihi ve bu tarih sürecinde ortaya çıkan dünya ve Alman edebiyatının feminist çizgiyi yansıtan eserleri ele alınmaktadır.Tezin son bölümü olan üçüncü bölümü, eserdeki karakterler arasındaki ikili ilişkileri derinden inceleyerek, esere entegre edilen motif ve sembolleri feminist bakış açısından yorumlamaya çalışarak ve son olarak eserde göze çarpan otobiyografik özellikleri tespit ederek Bachmann'ın Malina adlı eserinin feminist edebiyat eleştirisi bağlamında incelenmesine yönelmektedir.Bu çalışma ile Malina eserine yazar tarafından entegre edilen feminist unsurların ve feminist akıma ilişkin gizli motif ve sembollerin feminist açıdan yorumlanması ve esere yansıyan otobiyografik unsurların tespit edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Feminizm, Feminist Edebiyat Eleştirisi, Ingeborg BachmannThe subject of this work is components of feminism in the novel of Ingeborg Bachmann. The first chapter of this work, which consists of three chapters, ist about an analysis of the themes and characters in all of the works of Ingeborg Bachmann, created under the influence of the feminist ideology. As a result of this analysis, the work of Bachmann Malina is dependent upon feminism like her other works. Furthermore, this chapter deals with the rewievs of the other authors for Ingeborg Bachmann.The second chapter is devoted to a theoretical definition and history of the feminist theorie and the works of the German speaking author, reflecting the feminist ideology.The last chapter is geard to a interpretation of the novel Malina from a feminist perspective, by going into the relationship between charachters in the novel, interpreting motives and symbols in the work and focusing finally on the autobiographical connections between Ingeborg Bachmann and her work.This work intends to examine and to interpret the hidden motives and symbols in Malina from a feminist perspective and to bring the autobiographical connections between Malina? and Bachmann to light.Keywords: Feminism, Feminist literary criticism, Ingeborg Bachman
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