63 research outputs found
Continuous glucose monitoring for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
No full textThis is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess whether continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) versus any intermittent monitoring modalities to measure glycemia improves neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm newborn infants
Makt och försörjningsstöd - en observationsstudie om hur makt utspelas i mötet och konfigureras i relationen mellan socialsekreterare och klient vid ekonomiskt bistånd inom socialtjänsten
No full textAbstract Title: Makt och försörjningsstöd - en observationsstudie om hur makt utspelas i mötet och konfigureras i relationen mellan socialsekreterare och klient vid ekonomiskt bistånd inom socialtjänsten Author: Rebecka Karlsson Supervisor: Lars Harrysson The purpose of the study was to examine how power plays out in the meeting, and how power is configured in the relationship between social worker and client within the social financial assistance. The method used was a qualitative method and the empirical material where obtained by participant observation and interviews. Five social workers and five clients participated in the study. The result was analyzed with help of earlier research and chosen theory, Michel Foucault´s power analysis. The results showed that the social workers in the study felt that they have power in the relationship with the clients. The social workers power was legitimized of bureaucratic rules and the structure of the organization. The results also showed that the client expresses power in the meeting with the social worker. With strategies, the client can equalize the bureaucratic and formal power that the social worker often has. The client exhibited resistance in the power relationship with the social worker
"Men du inser att folk som ser dig och dina kompisar tänker "emo"?"- om hur media målar upp bilden av en ungdomsgrupp
No full textABSTRACT Author: Lisa Myrefelt & Rebecka Shev Title: “But you realise that when people see you and your friends they think “emo”?” – about how media describes a teenage group (translated title) Supervisor: Olle Frödin Assessor: The purpose of this essay was to study how the Swedish newspapers presented a subculture that they called “emo” between January 1, 2007 and March 31, 2009. In particular we studied the attributes that the articles depicted as typical for the subculture (music, appearance and mental health). We also studied the articles’ description of the surroundings’ reactions to the subculture and the way the articles related how the teenagers in the subculture wanted to define themselves. The essay was based on a CDA (critical discourse analyse) of 33 articles. To analyse the result we used Becker’s (2006) theory about outsiders. In the primary information we found five discourses: music, appearance, mental health, harassment and how the teenagers defined themselves. The conclusion was that the articles’ starting point was that the subculture had some specific properties (clothes, appearance and mental health) that characterized the group in general. The articles describe the subculture as a group that is exposed to bulling and harassment from their surroundings. In general the articles do not take into consideration the teenagers protests against misconceptions (especially mental health) that the group was associated with
Infertilitet - Vems rätt att bestämma? : En kvalitativ intervjustudie kring barnmorskors erfarenheter av att arbeta med infertilitet.
No full textAbstrakt (svenska) Titel: Infertilitet – vems rätt att bestämma? En kvalitativ intervjustudie kring barnmorskors erfarenheter av att arbeta med infertilitet. Författare: Rebecka Kristensen Berlin, Umeå Universitet -Institutionen för Omvårdnad Syfte: Att undersöka hur barnmorskans erfarenheter av parens reaktioner uppfattas i samband med infertilitetsproblematik. Studiedesign: En kvalitativ intervjustudie innefattande fyra barnmorskor har genomförts på en barnmorskemottagning. Intervjumaterialet analyserades utifrån kvalitativ innehållsanalys, vilket i korthet innebar följande steg: Materialet transkriberades ordagrant och bröts därefter ned i meningsbärande enheter, för att kunna sortera data utifrån innehåll. Kondensering utfördes i syfte att lyfta fram kärninnehållet. Abstraktion utfördes för att få fram koder, i syfte att reducera mängden text men även för att därefter kunna sammanfoga snarlika ämnen till underkategorier, vilka sedan grupperades i huvudkategorier tillhörande ett gemensamt tema. Resultat: De fyra huvudkategorier som uppkom var känslor, kommunikation, rättighet och prevention. Känslor: Oro, stress samt nedstämdhet var vanligt förekommande. Mäns känslor var svårare att identifiera då kvinnor ibland kom ensamma till besöken, samt män ibland dolde känslor bakom aggressivitet. Kommunikation: God information skapade förtroende. Råd om livsstilsförändringar samt vidareremittering var en viktig form av stöd. Rättighet: Ingen har rätt till barn, men alla ansågs ha rätt att försöka få barn. Privatekonomi samt samhällets krav påverkar dock i stor utsträckning paren vid misslyckade försök eller önskan om ytterligare barn. Prevention: Vikten av information kring infertilitet vid undervisning i skolan, vid preventivmedelsamtal och vid cellprovtagning poängterades. Slutsats: Att vara väl införstådd med de känslor som kan uppstå i samband med infertilitet möjliggör att ge tillfredställande stöd. Särskilda ansträngningar behöver göras för att nå män, såväl emotionellt som preventivt. Stort utrymme för förbättring finns gällande preventiva åtgärder, i syfte att fördjupa allmänhetens kunskaper kring infertilitet. Nyckelord: kvinnlig infertilitet; manlig infertilitet; känslor; barnmorska; kvalitativ forskning Abstract (English) Title: Infertility. Who´s right to decide? A qualitative interview study regarding midwives experiences to work with infertility. Author: Rebecka Kristensen Berlin, Umeå University- Department of nursing Objective: To investigate midwives thoughts and experiences regarding couples reactions in connection with infertility. Study design: A qualitative interview study comprising four midwives have been conducted. The resulting data was analyzed using qualitative content analysis, consisting of the following steps: The material was transcribed verbatim and then broken down into sentences, to aid in sorting the data based on content. Condensation was carried out in order to highlight the core content. Abstraction was performed to obtain codes, in order to reduce the amount of text , but also to subsequently merge similar content into subcategories , which were then grouped into categories. Results: Four main categories emerged. Feelings: anxiety, stress and depression were common. Men’s feelings were more difficult to identify since women sometimes came alone to appointments, and men sometimes concealed their feelings behind aggression. Communication: Good information created trust. Advice on lifestyle changes and referrals were important forms of support. Empowerment: No-one has the right to a child, but the right to try to have a child. Personal and societal demands, however, affect the couples at failure to conceive or desire for additional children. Prevention: The importance of information about fertility in school, at contraception counselling and routine smear exams was emphasized. Conclusion: Awareness of the feelings that infertility may give rise to, enables providing satisfactory support. Further efforts need to be made to reach males emotionally as well as preventatively. There is great possibility for improvement in regards to public awareness about infertility. Keywords: female infertility; male infertility; emotions; midwife; qualitative research
Attitudes to cervical cancer screening among HIV
No full textDegree Project, Programme in Medicine, Author: Rebecka Andersson, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Sweden, 2016
Supervisors: Daniel Giglio and Marie Françoise Mukanyangezi
Abstract
Attitudes to cervical cancer screening among HIV positive and negative Rwandan women Background: Most developed countries have significantly decreased their incidence and mortality rates in cervical cancer in the past fifty years with effective screening programmes. In many developing countries cervical cancer is still a major problem. Rwanda is one of the worst affected countries with an incidence of 49/100 000 women. In 2011 the Rwandan government made an ambitious effort to start fighting the disease by mass vaccinating all girls, and start a screening programme like those present in the developed world. The vaccinations seem to have been a success, but little information is available on the progress of the screening programme, and of Rwandan womens’ attitudes to cervical cancer and screening. This study scrapes the surface of these questions. Purpose: To investigate the attitudes of Rwandan women to cervical cancer screening. Method: Using uestionnaires from an ongoing cohort study, the attitudes of two cohorts of HIV positive and negative Rwandan women were investigated regarding previous screening and reasons for having or not having participated in screening, comparing the two cohorts. Each cohort included 200 women. Result: 28.5% of the women in the HIV cohort and 6.5% of the women in the HIV negative cohort had been screened before, giving a 17.5% screening rate in the whole study population. The most frequent reason for previous screening was recommendation from a doctor, which was more common in the HIV cohort. The most common reason to never have screened was unawareness of screening possibility. Conclusion: Few women had been screened before, and the main reason for this was unawareness of the
availability of screening. The most common reason for having been screened before was
recommendation from a doctor. This points to continuous contact with healthcare being a beneficial factor in likeliness to screen.
Key words:, Cervical cancer screening, Rwanda, Attitudes, Screening frequency, Reason to scree
Author Correction: Androgen receptor pathway inhibitors and taxanes in metastatic prostate cancer: an outcome-adaptive randomized platform trial.
No full textpeer reviewedCorrection to: Nature Medicinehttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03204-2, published online 20 August 2024. In the version of the article initially published, Rebecka Bergström’s name appeared incorrectly (as R. Bergström) and has now been amended in the HTML and PDF versions of the article
"Vi delar in oss i mindre grupper" : En studie om förskollärares uppfattningar om lärmiljön och olika barngruppsstorlekar i förskolan.
No full textSyftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur förskollärare uppfattar att de skapar gynnsamma och främjande miljöer utifrån olika storlekar på barngruppen. Vidare är syftet att ta reda på uppfattningarna från förskollärarna och ställa det mot tidigare forskning. Den metod som har använts i studien är kvalitativa intervjuer med sex förskollärare i fem olika kommuner. Studiens resultat visar på att det finns både likheter och skillnader i arbetssätten med olika stora barngrupper. Vi kan dra slutsatsen att det är fördelningen mellan antalet barn och antalet pedagoger som styr arbetet och indelningen av barngruppen, men även hur miljön är utformad. Detta belyser vilka konsekvenser det kan bli för barns lärande och utveckling i förskolan
The connection between IBS and FODMAPs
No full textSahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg
Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition
ABSTRACT
Title: The connection between IBS and FODMAPs
Author: Helena Hautamäki and Rebecka Bertilsson
Supervisor: Sofia Klingberg
Examiner: Frode Slinde
Programme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTS
Type of paper: Examination paper, 15 hp
Date: 2013-04-10
Background: IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder, and is a
common disorder in the western population. The predominant symptoms are diarrhoea,
abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, and excessive flatus. Today there are no evidence based
recommendations concerning dietary factors for patients diagnosed with IBS, but recently certain
factors in the diet that seems to trigger the symptoms have been identified. These factors are
short-chain carbohydrates, Fermentable Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides, and
Polyols (FODMAPS), which are not completely absorbed in the lumen.
Objective: The purpose of this systematic review article is to examine whether there are any
evidence that a diet low in FODMAPs may induce improvement of symptoms in patients
diagnosed with IBS.
Search strategy: The literature search was performed in the databases PubMed, Scopus,
Summon and Google Scholar. The keywords were “Irritable bowel syndrome + FODMAPs”,
“Irritable bowel syndrome + diet” and “FODMAP and diet”.
Selection criteria: The inclusion criteria were patients diagnosed with IBS between the ages 18
and 69. The exclusion criteria were surgery made in the gastrointestinal tract, other
gastrointestinal dysfunctions and pregnancy.
Data collection and analysis: Five relevant articles were found whereas two of them didn´t
match the chosen selection criteria and were therefore excluded. The remaining articles were
examined according to SBU guidelines. The evidence of the three chosen endpoints bloating,
abdominal pain and flatulence were then examined according to the SBU guidelines.
Main results: According to two RCTs there are moderate evidence that a dietary treatment low
in FODMAPs gives symptom improvements in flatulence and bloating. A cohort study shows
low evidence for the same endpoints. According to all the examined studies, there is low evidence
that a dietary treatment low in FODMAPs improves abdominal pain for patients with IBS.
Conclusions: A dietary treatment low in FODMAPs is relevant for symptom improvements of
flatulence and bloating. However, the dietary treatment should be individualized, and more
research is needed in this area of concern.Sahlgrenska Akademin vid Göteborgs universitet
Avdelningen för invärtesmedicin och klinisk nutrition
SAMMANFATTNING
Titel: Sambandet mellan IBS och FODMAPs
En systematisk översiktsartikel
Författare: Helena Hautamäki och Rebecka Bertilsson
Handledare: Sofia Klingberg
Examinator: Frode Slinde
Linje: Dietistprogrammet, 180/240 hp
Typ av arbete: Examensarbete, 15 hp
Datum: 2013-04-10
Bakgrund: IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome) är en funktionell mag-tarmsjukdom, som är en vanlig
åkomma i den västerländska befolkningen. Symptomen domineras av diarré, uppblåsthet,
buksmärta, förstoppning, och gaser. Idag finns inga vetenskapligt baserade
kostrekommendationer vid IBS, men nyligen har man identifierat faktorer i kosten som tros
kunna trigga igång symptomen. Dessa är kortkedjiga kolhydrater, Fermentable Oligosaccarides
Disaccarides, Monosaccarides and Polyols (FODMAPs), som ej absorberas tillräckligt i tarmen.
Syfte: Att undersöka om det finns evidens för att en diet låg på FODMAPs kan lindra
symptomen hos patienter med IBS.
Sökväg: Sökning via databaserna PubMed, Scopus, Summon och Google Scholar. Sökord som
användes var ”Irritable bowel syndrome + FODMAPs”, ”Irritable bowel syndrome + diet” och
”FODMAP and diet”.
Urvalskriterier: Inklusionskriterier: Patienter diagnosticerade med IBS, ålder 18-69 år.
Exklusionskriterier: Mag-tarmkirurgi, övriga magtarmsjukdomar, graviditet.
Datainsamling och analys: Fem relevanta artiklar hittades varav två exkluderades då de inte
matchade urvalskriterierna. De tre återstående studierna granskades med granskningsmallarna för
RCT och kohort från Statens Beredning för medicinsk Utvärdering (SBU). De tre utvalda
effektmåtten uppblåsthet, buksmärta och flatulens, evidensgraderades enligt riktinjer från SBU.
Resultat: Två RCT-studier visade måttlig evidens för att en kostbehandling låg på FODMAPs
ger symptomlindring vid flatulens och uppblåsthet. En kohortstudie visade låg evidens för
samma effektmått. Baserat på samtliga studier föreligger det låg evidens för att en kostbehandling
låg på FODMAPs ger symptomförbättring vid buksmärta.
Slutsats: En kostbehandling låg på FODMAPs är relevant för symptomförbättring vid flatulens
och uppblåsthet. Kostbehandlingen bör dock individanpassas. Mer forskning inom detta område
behövs
Maria Living - Ett kombinerat vård- och serviceboende
No full textAs we age and need help with the chores that we used to perform on our own, there are two ways that we can get help in the current situation. The first is that you can get home care, which means that health care providers will come to the residents home and give him or her the care and help needed. The other option is to move into an assisted living form where there are health professionals on site around the clock or as needed. In most cases, the elderly chooses to try and live at home as long as possible for several reasons. One of these is that nursing homes usually are very sterile, tedious and lacks a friendly home environment. By creating an area of buildings that are designed for the requirements of Boverkets Byggregler and Svensk Standard, where the focus is to create a nice layout of both houses as public areas, we want to change the perception of nursing homes while inspiring the elders. The area comprises four buildings. A main building, one nursing home and two service houses. The three residential buildings are divided into three levels each excluding basement and penthouse. The three houses has a hall of glass going through all three buildings on every floor to simplify for both residents and the employees. The idea is that the hall of glass will open up all levels, maximize natural lighting as much as possible and create an affinity between the residential buildings. The aforementioned main building is the most important part of this concept. It is an activity centre that can be used by all residents and relatives but also by the staff. This building includes a restaurant, with serving both indoors and outdoors, a library, gym, spa, grocery store, a pharmacy and a conference hall that can also be used as a movie theatre. This concept, with potential for a variety of activities within the business makes our project unique
- …
