1,721,066 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Timing and magnitude of early to middle Holocene warming in East Greenland inferred from chironomids
No full textMuch of Greenland experienced summers warmer than present during parts of the early to middle Holocene, during a precession-driven positive anomaly in summer insolation. However, the magnitude of that warmth remains poorly known, and its timing and spatial pattern are uncertain. Here we describe the first quantitative Holocene palaeotemperature reconstruction from central East Greenland based upon insect (chironomid) assemblages preserved in lake sediments. We postulate that landscapes like our study site, characterized by minimal soil and vegetation development through the Holocene and thus less influenced by some important secondary gradients, are especially well-suited to the use of chironomids to reconstruct Holocene temperatures. The inferred timing of warmth at our study site near Scoresby Sund agrees well with other nearby evidence, including glacial geological reconstructions and temperatures inferred from precipitation isotopes at Renland ice cap, supporting the use of chironomids to reconstruct temperatures at this site. We infer highest temperatures from ~10 to 5.5 ka, followed by gradual cooling after 5.5 ka and progressively colder and less productive conditions after 3.5 ka. Models based upon two independent training sets yield similar inferred temperature trends, and suggest an average summer temperature anomaly from ~10 to 5.5 ka of 3 to 4 °C relative to the preindustrial last millennium. The estimated overall rate of Neoglacial cooling averaged over the period from 5.5 to 0.5 ka was 0.6 to 0.8 °C per thousand years, more than twice the rate previously estimated for the Arctic as a whole. Given strong apparent spatial variability in Holocene climate around the Arctic, and the utility of palaeoclimate data for improving climate and ice sheet models, it should be a priority to further quantify past temperature changes around the margins of the Greenland Ice Sheet, where few quantitative reconstructions exist and future warming will affect global sea level.<br/
Spatio-temporal reconstruction of the post-glacial sea-level evolution in the Ross Sea, Antarctica
Full text linkThe complex interactions between the redistribution of water mass in the ocean basins due to continental ice sheet growth and decay, and the attendant Glacio-Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) process play a major role in controlling Relative Sea-Level (RSL) variability since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). In near-field regions (e.g., areas covered by the major ice-sheet at the LGM), the rate of GIA uplift during deglaciation often exceeded the rate of RSL rise from an increase in ocean volume due to the melting of land-based ice.
Here, we assembled a database of new and previously published RSL collected along the coasts of the Ross Sea (Antarctica). The set of 14C radiocarbon dates was obtained from samples of Adelie penguin guano remains and shells found on raised beaches and collected during several Antarctic expeditions conducted in the framework of the Italian Programme of Antarctic Researches (PNRA). We further revisited about 300 radiocarbon dates available in literature following the standards of the latest International Geoscience Programme (IGCP) protocols on sea-level studies. All these dates were also recalibrated according to the latest calibration curve
We thus produce a new set of 65 RSL data points which have been classified in i) Sea Level Index Points (SLIP), when the relationship between the sample and the tidal level is clearly known (e.g., raised beaches), ii) marine and iii) terrestrial limiting points which indicate the upper and the lower threshold for the former sea-level position, respectively.
In order to reconstruct the RSL trend in the last thousands of years, a critical interpretation of the dated materials has been carried out. For example, data show that the penguin guano and remains from ornithogenic soil on top of beaches and on abrasion platforms significantly rejuvenated the age actual age of the beach ridges.
We finally applied on the new dataset a spatio-temporal empirical model to reconstruct magnitudes and rates of RSL change (with associated uncertainty) from SLIPs along the Ross Sea area. The model output shows a continuous RSL drop of about 25 m last ~7 ka BP. This drop was generally characterized by average rates comprised between ~2 to ~4 mm/y. An episodic increase of the RSL falling rates, up to ~6 mm/y was found at ~4 ka BP, likely related to a local increase of the GIA contribution
This study, based on a robust number of radiocarbon dated coastal deposits, will allow to better define the recent Antarctic ice-sheet fluctuation and to contribute in the tuning of the GIA models in this key sector of the World’s coastlines
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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