1,720,955 research outputs found
Public health promotion in Bangladesh through the community health clinics: A Foucauldian analysis
Get PDFThe system of community health clinics in Bangladesh is contributing largely to improving the public health status of rural communities in Bangladesh. The significant success of this health promotion program leads medicine to its summit of power to influence the prevalent power structure in rural Bangladesh. A critical analysis of this paradigm shift is demanded in the context of public health. A Foucauldian analysis of the public health scenario of Bangladesh is most relevant in this context. In the paper, I propose a critical analysis of the public health apparatus of Bangladesh as manifested in the community health clinics, from the Foucauldian perspective of Discipline, Body, Power, and Space. Definitely, Foucault’s historical analysis of health in eighteenth century Europe in his Power/Knowledge is instrumental in the analysis of the medicalization of family in the public-private partnership model of Community Health Clinics. However, his other writings such as Discipline and Punish and Madness and Civilization are also relevant to the analysis of: a) how self-subjection becomes an element in the empowerment process of the public health initiative in Bangladesh; b) how the concept of hygiene and new diseases serve as a means of social control in the politics of medicine; c) how medicine accumulates morals like trust, solidarity, and common good in its normative role to the exercise of bio-power; and, finally d) how rural space becomes an important phenomenon of medicine in contemporary Bangladesh. It is taken for granted that the community health clinics are contributing positively to improving the public health condition. However, many stories are untold in this picture of health promotion. In this paper, I analyze the public health promotion program of Bangladesh in light of the above questions to understand the power structure and the paradigm shift of the body politic in terms of health
A relational autonomy argument against public funding for non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT): the routinization of NIPT and the geneticization of pregnancy and reproduction
No full textNon-invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) is a genetic test that analyzes cell-free fetal DNA
(cfDNA) in maternal blood as early as ten weeks into pregnancy. It is a reasonably accurate
screening tool for detecting chromosomal conditions such as Patau, Edwards, and Down
syndromes, caused by Trisomy 13, 18, and 21, respectively. Although disability rights advocates
have strongly opposed public funding for NIPT, arguing that government endorsement of the test
sends a discriminatory message, implying that a life without a disability is more valuable than a
life with a disability, several Canadian provinces and territories offer public funding for NIPT,
subject to specific eligibility criteria for pregnant individuals.
Proponents of funded NIPT argue that funding enhances reproductive autonomy by
enabling pregnant individuals to make informed decisions regarding continuing or terminating a
pregnancy. While this dissertation challenges this conventional autonomy argument - that claims
that funded NIPT expands pregnant people’s reproductive choices to terminate or continue
pregnancy - put forth by proponents of funded NIPT, it instead proposes an argument against
funded NIPT based on the concept of relational autonomy. A relational perspective of autonomy,
advocated by feminist bioethicists, focuses on adverse social and structural conditions that can
undermine women’s free reproductive choices.
This dissertation promotes a relational concept of autonomy and argues that public
funding for NIPT can undermine reproductive autonomy by routinizing its use in prenatal care
and normalizing genetic testing in prenatal care that might influence a pregnant person to accept
NIPT without fully considering its implications for their life. If NIPT becomes a standard genetic
test in prenatal care, it may become difficult for many pregnant individuals to decline the test.
Moreover, providing public funding for NIPT can encourage the widespread use of this test,
subtly oppressing individuals to undergo testing and potentially terminate pregnancies based on
results, ultimately undermining their reproductive autonomy.
To cultivate a more inclusive and supportive environment within Canadian prenatal care,
governments must revise their NIPT funding policy to disrupt structural barriers to pregnant
people’s reproductive autonomy. The dissertation concludes with recommendations to: enhance
informed decision-making, address the impacts of technological advancements, consider caseby-
case public funding, and foster inclusivity for people with disabilities. These steps can create
a more inclusive prenatal care landscape that upholds reproductive autonomy in a relational
sense
Promoting women's reproductive health: why autonomy matters
No full textCommunity health clinics in Bangladesh are well known for their reproductive health care services such as maternal health care and counselling on contraceptive methods. However, since women’s reproductive health conditions determine their overall well-being, community clinics’ reproductive health care services require a critical analysis. Within a social justice framework, this thesis argues that women’s autonomy should receive adequate attention in providing reproductive health care for them, and that it currently does not. I analyze community clinics’ activities in the areas of both reproductive health care and health research. While acknowledging the positive aspects of the system at the macro level, I conclude that community health clinics lack an appreciation for women’s autonomy in promoting women’s reproductive health, despite the strong moral reasons for considering women’s autonomy as a paramount concern.Includes bibliographical references (pages 98-111)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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