1,720,965 research outputs found
Role of Modern Technologies in Tissue Engineering
Full text linkNanotechnology is a rapidly developing field with numerous applications spread in different fields, especially medicine. It plays a role in tissue engineering, tissue regeneration, drug delivery, and regenerative medicine. The present brief review summarizes the role of nanotechnology in tissue engineering and tissue regeneration. The CRISPR/Cas9 system in tissue engineering is playing an important role, as CRISPR is a revolutionary genome-editing technology that is being used for tissue engineering where it emphasizes to address tissue architecture formation, immune response circumvention, cell differentiation, and disease model development. Moreover, the development and research expenses for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are too high and there is a need for making these systems cost-effective. Thus, the advanced approach of applications of nanotechnology to regenerative medicine and CRISPR will definitely revolutionize the basis of treatment, prevention, and diagnosis of various diseases
CLONING AND EXPRESSION OF UNIVERSAL STRESS PROTEIN 2 (USP2) GENE IN ESCHERICHIA COLI
No full textDifferent types of abiotic stresses inhibit the normal growth of plants by changing their physical biochemical, morphological, and molecular traits. It links to the polygenic traits, which is controlled with the help of different genes, due to this polygenetic the manipulation of foreign genetic makeup is very difficult. Drought stress is the very major type of threat to reduce the yield of cash crops in Pakistan and as well as in all over the world. Gene manipulation is the solution to face this problem by producing genetically modified crop plants that have the ability to survive in drought conditions. Universal stress protein gene has been already identified in bacteria which showed its response under stressed conditions, by manipulation of universal stress protein gene. It was found from our study that the bacterial cells transformed with the USP2 gene isolated from cotton induced abiotic stress tolerance under heat, osmotic, and salt stress. It was suggested from our findings that the USP2 gene could be used to produce abiotic stress tolerance transgenic crop plants to enhance crop plant yield and quality
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Targeted Delivery of Insulin by Psyllium Plant (Plantago ispaghula) based hydrogels/membranes
Full text linkDevelopments in therapeutics are the need of hour for
the benefit of mankind and to increase the quality of life. Diabetes
mellitus is a non-curable disease affecting a great amount of world’s
population. This genetic disorder gets worse with time and
ultimately leads to various complications like renal failure, lower
limb amputation, heart diseases and blindness. Hydrogels for quite
recent time are being used for the drug delivery. The present article
is related to the fabrication of psyllium based dermal patches insulin
drug delivery system that could release insulin in a sustained and
controlled manner. Psyllium, a natural polysaccharide, is a
medicinally important dietary fiber and drug delivery system has
developed a novel insulin loaded psyllium based hydrogels for
glucose lowering. They can be used for the transdermal delivery of
insulin as hypodermic administration of insulin is painful,
complicated, can also results in allergic reactions and infections. For
the sustained and steady release of insulin from fabricated hydrogels
were also modified with the addition of graphene oxide
nanoparticles. To study the structural aspects of these various
polymeric networks thus formed were characterized with FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) and SEM (Scanning
electron microscopy) which identifies the interaction/bonding
among different functional groups and also indicating the layer of
graphene oxide nanoparticles on the surface of hydrogels stage and
release related experiments such as degradability, swelling kinetics,
swelling ratio and drug kinetics were also performed. Because of its
functionalization these unique 3D drug loaded polymeric hydrogels
will have the double prospective of diabetes. Different types of
psyllium based hydrogels were prepared, and the effect of ph on the
release dynamics of insulin from drug loaded hydrogels has been
studied to evaluate the drug release mechanism in-vitro and in-vivo.
For in-vivo study avian skin was used a model. Fickian diffusion
mechanism has been observed for the release of insulin at different
ph both in and in-vivo and therefore these drug loaded hydrogels can
be potentially used to develop pH-sensitive systems. Keeping in
view the results of different analysis it can be concluded that these
hydrogels can prove to be very useful for the treatment of diabetes
mellitus
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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