1,721,020 research outputs found
Replication Data for: Patterns of Political Ideology and Security Policy
No full textRecent studies on political ideology suggest the existence of partisan divides on matters of foreign and security policy – challenging the notion that “politics stops at the water’s edge”. However, when taken as a whole, extant work provides decidedly mixed evidence of party-political differences outside domestic politics. This article first conducts a systematic empirical analysis of the relationship between parties’ left-right positions and their general attitude towards peace and security missions, which suggests that right-leaning parties tend to be more supportive of military operations. Yet, the results also show that the empirical pattern is curvilinear: centrist and center-right parties witness the highest level of support for military missions, while parties on both ends of the political spectrum show substantially less support. The second part of our analysis examines whether the stronger support of rightist parties for peace and security missions translates into a greater inclination of right-wing governments to actually deploy forces to military operations. Strikingly, our results suggest that leftist governments were actually more inclined to participate in operations than their right-leaning counterparts. The greater willingness of left-wing executives to deploy military forces is the result of their greater inclination to participate in operations with inclusive goals
Belgian foreign policy : in foro interno, inferno?
No full textThis chapter reviews the constants and changes in Belgian foreign policy since the end of the Cold War. This chapter identifies six particular instances of change across different policy issues of foreign policy and zooms in on the dynamics that contributed to these changes, at the international, domestic and individual levels. It is clear that Belgium’s consecutive institutional reforms have heavily affected the nature of its policymaking, and even the content of its policies. As a permanent work in progress, the Belgian administrations constantly had to adjust to new realities—not only externally but also internally. When we look at specific policies, we observe major changes in almost every aspect of Belgium’s foreign policy; for example, the emergence and disappearance of ethical diplomacy between 1999 and 2004, a major restructuring of Belgium’s defense policy after the end of the Cold War and drastic changes in both the means and ends of Belgian Development Cooperation. The chapter also details an example of an aborted change in development cooperation where the regionalization of this competency was prevented
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
German Foreign Policy
No full textThis chapter takes stock of Germany’s foreign policy since unification. Starting with the country’s general foreign policy orientation toward multilateralism, European integration, and transatlanticism, the chapter reviews developments in defense and security policy, development policy, bilateral relations, as well as EU, multilateral, and niche diplomacy. The chapter concludes that, across the areas considered, Germany’s foreign policy since 1990 has been characterized by continuity rather than change. This is not to imply that there has been no change, but the changes that occurred have been incremental adjustments rather than abrupt policy turns. This also mirrors earlier analyses of German foreign policy since unification. However, like other Western democracies, Germany’s domestic politics are undergoing changes—most of all in the party system, which has shifted from a system of “two-and-a-half” parties until the 1990s, to a Bundestag that currently holds six parties. This new party system means that government formation has become more complicated, as witnessed after the general elections of 2017, where the process to establish a new government took an unprecedented 171 days. Ultimately, these changes in the party system may also affect the conduct of foreign policy, though it is too early to make predictions about potential future changes
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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