200 research outputs found
Lessons Learned from the Battle in the Java Sea between the Imperial Japanese Navy and the American, British, Dutch & Australian Command Navies to Develop the Indonesian Maritime Defense
No full textThis study aims to dissect the battle in the Java Sea between Japan and the Allies as a lesson learned in developing Indonesia's maritime defense. The research method is a descriptive qualitative approach to historical methods and thematic phenomenology. The results of this study show the weakening of maritime culture and changes in the cultural perspective of the people and the Dutch East Indies colonial government, which resulted in a massive and fast defeat process in sea battles that determined one of them, namely in the Java Sea. This event became a lesson for Indonesia to rebuild a maritime culture towards a world maritime axis country. Maritime Culture is the foundation for strengthening Indonesia's layered maritime defense system but with the availability of a fleet that has yet to reach the current Minimum Essential Forces (MEF) target
Bulk store as an effort to reduce marine debris in Bajo Pulau
No full textDamage to coastal ecosystems and shallow waters of the Bajo Pulau Village, Sape Sub-district, Bima District, West Nusa Tenggara Province is caused by the accumulation of household waste that is not managed by the community from year to year. It resulted in a reduction in the quality of seawater. This study examines the various factors behind it and synthesizes the solution to the problem by proposing a bulk store. The research method used is descriptive-analytic with a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out by observation, field studies, literature studies, and interviews. The results showed that Indonesia (as the largest archipelagic country) has a low interconnectivity level. It causes small islands to be vulnerable to environmental degradation. This vulnerability is also caused by the lack of a business system that considers sustainable environmental capabilities. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the amount of household waste scattered on land and in the sea that threatens the surrounding ecosystem with the concept of a minimal garbage collection facility based on a cooperative system
A novel hazard avoidance model based on young drivers’ characteristics: A driving simulator study
No full textThis paper aims to examine the key factors influencing young drivers’ hazard avoidance in Iran. In this study, a hazard avoidance index is defined and calculated for investigating the effect of impulsiveness, behavioral, and psychological characteristics on driving hazard avoidance. A questionnaire and go-no-go and flanker computer tests as well as a driving simulator are used for collecting data from 173 Iranian drivers under the age of 30. For this purpose, different scenarios were used, such as pedestrian crossing, the presence of fixed obstacles, and animals crossing the road, whose various characteristics are also changed. Structural equation modeling and the partial least squares method are applied for investigating the relationship between different variables and the hazard avoidance index. The results show that the driver hazard avoidance index is mostly affected by variables such as inhibitory control, opposite directional response, attentional impulsiveness, motion impulsiveness, non-planning impulsiveness, disregarding the law, and lapses and error. The results could help policymakers to assess diving hazard avoidance and improve training programs related to traffic safety based on the variables that are more effective on inexperienced and novice drivers’ hazard avoidanceSpecial thanks should be expressed to Ali Nahvi, and their employees, who helped build simulation scenarios and assess hazard avoidance in the driving simulator in the virtual reality laboratory of Khajeh Nasir al-Din Toosi University.
The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article
The Arab Avant-Garde: Musical Innovation in the Middle East
No full textIn the early nineteenth century, the term “avant-garde” began to capture greater semantic territory. Once purely a military phrase used to distinguish crack troops, it then assumed a high-ranking position within cultural expression, marking out art work that forged ahead and broke new ground. What can it mean to conjoin this French phrase with the word “Arab”? French forces, along with other imperial intruders, are no strangers to Arab terrain. The colonisation of Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco and Greater Syria followed in the wake of the brief Napoleonic “mission” to Egypt between 1798 and 1801. It was during this military foray that some of modern Europe’s most expansive data on Egyptian music was collected, information that comprised two whole volumes of Guillaume André Villoteau’s Description de l’Egypte. The Napoleonic campaign gathered not only military, but also cultural intelligence, if the two can be so easily separated
Implementation of a proposed bonus structure in a car rental company
No full textWages, salaries, and/or bonuses are payments made to workers for their labor. The variety of such payments are reviewed in the first section of this Thesis as a foundation for an in-depth discussion of incentive payments, in general. The second section presents the literature reviewed which discusses some of the major incentive plans and the approaches of those who have made great contributions in this field, i.e., Frederick w. Taylor, Frank B. Gilbreth, and Dr. Lillian M. Gilbreth. The discussion in the first two sections forms the background for presenting two specific incentive plans. Plan A is currently used by a national car rental company and Plan B is proposed by the author of this Thesis. The two plans are outlined, detailed, analyzed, and compared. The disadvantages of Plan A (currently in use) is the driving force for the creation of a new plan in an effort to correct existing flaws and drawbacks. Plan A generates negative aspects and consequences which could not have been noticed until it was put into practice. Plan B developed specifically to correct those inadequacies, allows the company to function at higher efficiency with fewer employees. A new formula to calculate the bonus developed by the author is presented, followed by an explanatory example.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 61-62)California State University, Northridge. Department of Engineering
STRATEGI PERTAHANAN PANGKALAN ANGKATAN LAUT (LANAL) BANDUNG DALAM MENGHADAPI ANCAMAN DARI SELATAN JAWA BARAT (STUDI KASUS POSAL PANGANDARAN)
No full textLanal Bandung dan unsur komando di atasnya Lantamal III memiliki keterbatasan satuan kapal patroli yang dapat melakukan deteksi dini, operasi keamanan laut, dan pengumpulan bahan intelijen. Saat ini, hanya Koarmada I yang dapat melakukan operasi keamanan laut dan pertempuran jika terjadi konflik di bagian selatan Jawa Barat. Kondisi ini membuat Lanal Bandung rentan jika tidak dapat beroperasi hingga 12-24 nm sesuai tanggung jawabnya yang berbatasan dengan laut lepas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelanggaran kedaulatan oleh kapal asing di zona tambahan dan laut teritorial wilayah kerja Lanal Bandung serta penerapan strategi pertahanan lautnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, melalui wawancara mendalam, studi pustaka, dan observasi lapangan. Lanal Bandung memiliki kekuatan dalam pembinaan potensi maritim namun kekurangan unsur patroli yang memadai. Ancaman non militer sering muncul, sehingga Lanal Bandung dapat mengoptimalkan potensi dengan membangun komunikasi dengan komunitas nelayan dan Skadron Udara Angkatan Laut 700/PUTA. Kesimpulannya, Lantamal III perlu menambah jumlah dan kemampuan satuan kapal patroli serta UAV untuk memperkuat daya jangkau dan strategi pertahanan menghadapi ancaman di perairan selatan Jawa Barat
El-Es'ile ve’l Ecvibetü Kara Seydi; الاسئلة والاجوبة قره سيدى; Kenzü’l-Belāga fi-İlmi’l-İnşā; كنز البلاغة فى علم الانشاء
No full text1. eser : İçindekiler : 1a-6b: Farsça beyitler, Türkçe tarihler, fevaid kayıtları, Keşşaf’tan kısa bir iktibas, Kıraat ravilerine ait basit bir tablo, dini konularda Arapça kısa iktibaslar; 6a-19b: Kara Seydi’nin soruları ve bu sorulara verilen cevaplar (bkz. 197/II); 20b-25b: Kemaleddin Ebû Sâlim’in Arapça Cifr-i Kebir’inden bir parça; 26a-28a: Farsça şiirler, Arapça fevaid kayıtları ve kıtalar; Sultan Alemşah’ın sünnetiyle ilgili ferman sureti; 28b-77b: Ahmed b. Ali b. Ahmed’in Farsça Kenzü’l-Belâga’sı (bkz. 197/III); 77b-80b: Arapça şiir ve rivayetler, ehadisü’l-mesalih üzerine sorular ve cevaplardan oluşan Arapça bir parça; 81a-b:Bir kısmının altında Müftü Ali Çelebi imzasi bulunan Türkçe dua, ıtk-name vs.; 82a-87a: Muhtemelen Gazzâlî’nin Faysalü’t-Tefrika adlı eserinden seçilmiş parçalar. 87b-89b: Pir Muhammed’in Tarikat-nâme’sinden parçalar (bkz. A. Gürer’in yazısı); 90a-b: Bir hadis ve esmâ-i cihâtî başlıklı Türkçe teshir tarifi; 91a-93b: Esîrî’den Farsça şiirler, Ahmedî’nin İskender-nâmesinden parçalar, ilaç tarifleri; 94a-96b: “Mesâlih” üzerine Arapça bir risaleden alıntı, Yunus Emre’den şathiye tarzında bir şiir; 97a-103b: Dostluk üzerine nasihat-name türünde Farsça bir risale, Farsça mensur dil ve dimağ münazarası; 104a-b: Çeşitli iktibas ve tarifler, Aziz Nesefi’den mensur bir tercüme, Yunus Emreden bir şiir; 105a-106b: İskender hakkında muteber tarih kitaplarından Arapça bölümler; 107a: Mevlana Seyyid Ahmed Kırımî ile ilgili ilim ve ulema meclisi hakkında Farsça hikaye; 107b: Yunus’tan bir şiir ve Gülşen-i Râz tercümesindne kısa bir parça. Ayrıca birkaç yerde Esîrî ve Câmî’den Farsça şiirler (15b, 20a). 2. eser : İçindekiler : 6a-15a: sorular; 16a-19b: cevaplar kısmı. 3. eser : İçindekiler : Eserde çeşitli yazışmaların nasıl yapılacağı hk. örnek metinler bulunmaktadır. Aralarda Arapça şiirlere de yer verilmiştir. Bazı sayfa kenarlarında eklemeler vardır. Eserde Emir Bahaüddin’e (34a), Nasruddin’e (42a) gönderilmiş mektuplar bulunmaktadır. 1. eser : Ek bilgiler : Eserin baş tarafında 911 tarihli kıtalar vardır. Mecmuanın bu tarihlerde yazılmış olduğu düşünülebilir. Ciltsiz olan bu mecmuanın birçok sayfası eksiktir. Şinasi Bey tarafından esere sayfa numarası da verilmiştir. 2. eser : Ek bilgiler : 16b’de cevapların Birgî-zâdeye ait olduğuna dair kayıt vardır. Eserin sonundaki 907 / 1502 tarihi risalenin telifini gösterebilir. 3. eser : Ek bilgiler : Formalarda karışıklı vardır. Bu karışıklıkların bir kısmına Şinasi Bey tarafından işaret edilmiştir. (ör. 59a-66b)Original scanned with Zeutschel OS 12000C A2 scanner and saved as 300 ppi uncompressed tiffs. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP20003 vol. in 1, (variable lines); 19,5X13 c
Adapting authoritarianism: institutions and co-optation in Egypt and Syria
No full textThis PhD thesis compares Egypt and Syria’s authoritarian political systems. While the tendency in social science political research treats Egypt and Syria as similarly authoritarian, this research emphasizes differences between the two systems with special reference to institutions and co-optation. Rather than reducibly understanding Egypt and Syria as sharing similar histories, institutional arrangements, or ascribing to the oft-repeated convention that “Syria is Egypt but 10 years behind,” this thesis focuses on how events and individual histories shaped each states current institutional strengthens and weaknesses. Specifically, it explains the how varying institutional politicization or de-politicization affects each state’s capabilities for co-opting elite and non-elite individuals.
Beginning with a theoretical framework that considers the limited utility of democratization and transition theoretical approaches, the work underscores the persistence and durability of authoritarianism. Chapter two details the politicized institutional divergence between Egypt and Syria that began in the 1970s. Chapter three and four examines how institutional politicization or de-politicization affects elite and non-elite individual co-optation in Egypt and Syria. Chapter five discusses the study’s general conclusions and theoretical implications.
This thesis’s argument is that Egypt and Syria co-opt elites and non-elites differently because of the varying degrees of institutional politicization in each governance system. Rather than view one country as more politically developed than the other, this work argues that Syria’s political institutions are more politicized than their Egyptian counterparts. Syria’s political arena is, thus, described as politicized-patrimonialism. Syria’s politicized-patrimonial arena produces uneven co-optation of elites and non-elites as they are diffused through competing institutions. Conversely, the Egyptian political arena remains highly personalized as weak institutions and individuals are manipulated and molded according to the president’s ruling clique. This is referred to as personalized-patrimonialism. As a consequence, Egypt’s political establishment demonstrates more flexibility in ad hoc altering and adapting its arena depending on the emergence of crises.
This study’s theoretical implications suggest that, contrary to modernization and democratization theory’s adage that institutions lead to a political development, politicized institutions within a patrimonial order actually hinder regime adaptation because consensus is harder to achieve and maintain. It is within this context that Egypt’s de-politicized institutional framework advantages its top political elite. In this reading of Egyptian and Syrian politics, Egypt’s personalized political arena is more adaptable than Syria’s. These conclusions do not indicate that political reform is a process underway in either state
Temporal emission of magnesium lines from laser-induced plasma and use in calibration curves
No full text
- …
