1,721,207 research outputs found
The Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Ovarian Axis, Menstrual and Oral Contraceptive Cycles : Regulation and Function in the Context of Exercise and Sport
No full textThis chapter focuses on explaining the interaction between the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis, menstrual and oral contraceptive cycles with exercise. The intent herein is to give the basic physiology and endocrinology framework that allows the reader to understand the dynamic hormonal changes that occur within women as related to their reproductive systems in turn to also provide a contextual basis for the role of exercise to impact on the hormonal components of the female reproductive system. In so doing the goal is to prepare the reader for some of the in-depth discussions on female physiology-endocrinology and exercise in the subsequent chapters of this book.peerReviewe
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
The effect of estrogen on inflammatory markers following prolonged aerobic exercise in eumenorrheic women
Full text linkThe study purpose was to determine if estrogen (E2) concentrations attenuate inflammation after exercise-induced muscle damage. Blood responses of pro-inflammatory cytokine biomarker TNF-a, and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine biomarker IL-6 were measured. Ten, eumenorrheic, endurance-trained women (Mean±SD; 21±1 years, 24.1±2.8 body fat%) were studied. They completed a 60 minute running protocol at ~60-65% of their oxygen uptake (VO2peak 53.5±4.7ml/kg/min) during two hormonal conditions (low E2 and high E2). Inflammation was assessed at rest, immediately post exercise, 30 minutes post exercise, and 24 hours post exercise. There was not a significant interaction effect for TNF-a (p=0.60). There was a significant interaction effect for IL-6 (p=0.001). The response at 30 minutes post exercise was significantly elevated from rest and significantly reduced in high E2. Results suggest high E2 conditions attenuate the IL-6 response. Due to the pro- and anti-inflammatory influence of IL-6, it is unclear whether this attenuation is positive or negative.Master of Art
Influence of estrogen on IL-6 response to prolonged treadmill running in elite female runners
Full text linkThis study assessed the influence of estrogen (E2) on IL-6 and IL-1beta responses to prolonged aerobic exercise. Eumenorrheic women (n = 10) completed 90-minute treadmill running bouts at 67% VO2peak during low E2 (LE) and high E2 (HE) hormonal conditions. Resting, immediate, 24-hour, and 72-hour post blood samples were collected to determine changes in cytokines. Resting blood samples for E2 confirmed appropriate hormonal status for both conditions. Overall IL-6 concentration was significantly higher in LE (main effect; p = 0.011); however, relative exercise IL-6 percent change was not different between hormonal conditions. Interleukin-1beta was unobtainable due to procedural challenges. In conclusion, the influence of hormonal condition on IL-6 and IL-1beta in response to exercise is still unclear; therefore, it cannot be suggested that highly trained female runners should alter their training program with regards to hormonal status. Additional research is essential to add to the limited literature on this topic
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