31,977 research outputs found
Preoperative carbohydrates: what is new?
No full textPurpose of reviewThe aim of this review is to give an overview of recently published articles covering preoperative carbohydrate loading in surgical patients.Recent findingsBetween January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2019, 26 publications addressing the effect of carbohydrate load were retrieved through a systematic search. Seventeen were randomized clinical trials, three prospective observational studies and six retrospective series with case-control comparison. Most of the studies were underpowered, addressed surrogate endpoints, and variability among dose and timing of carbohydrate (CHO) treatment was high. The most recent literature endorses preoperative carbohydrate loading up to 2 h before operations as a safe treatment. The new evidence confirm that this strategy is effective in reducing perioperative insulin resistance and the proportion of hyperglycemia episodes, and improving patient well-being and comfort but without affecting surgery-related morbidity.SummaryFurther properly designed randomized clinical trials, addressing more clinically relevant endpoints such as length of hospitalization and morbidity rate, are warrant. © 2020 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved
Management of Pancreatic Fistula in Acute Pancreatitis
No full textSevere acute necrotizing pancreatitis can cause destruction of the main pancreatic duct, smaller ducts or pancreatic parenchyma and can lead to leakage of pancreatic juice in terms of a pancreatic fistula formation. Internal fistulas to the gastrointestinal tract, bronchi, pleural, mediastinal space, pericardium, and other organs have to be differentiated from external cutaneous fistulas. As internal fistulas are often clinically asymptomatic, they are more difficult to diagnose and may not immediately be detected. In contrast, external fistulas are observed more often and can be easily be diagnosed by analyzing the pancreatic enzyme content of the respective fluid. To differentiate between simple and complex fistulas radiological imaging should be performed. Conventional fistulography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) can be used for this purpose. ERCP has the additional therapeutic value in terms of placement of a stent to bridge the leak site, which may contribute to the definitive resolution of partial pancreatic duct disruption. Simple internal and external fistulas tend to close spontaneously. Therefore, these fistulas are usually managed conservatively in the beginning using supportive regimens. If leaks do not resolve endoscopic stenting or percutaneous drainage is recommended in the majority of cases. Persistent fistulas require surgery as an alternative treatment option. Surgery usually requires a resection of the fistula-bearing pancreatic region and should be postponed as long as possible
Letter from Carl T. Hayden to C. H. Gensler, Havasupai Reservation
No full textLetter from Carl T. Hayden to C. H. Gensler, Havasupai Indian Reservation, regarding Hualapai and Cataract Canyons geography
Letter from Charles H. Burke to Carl Hayden
No full textLetter from Charles H. Burke to Carl T. Hayden about mining on Diné (formerly Navajo) national land
Corrigendum to “The 2016 update of the International Study Group (ISGPF) definition and grading of postoperative pancreatic fistula: eleven years after.” Surgery 2017. Mar; 161 (3):584–591. Epub Dec 28, 2016 (Surgery (2017) 161(3) (584–591), (S0039606016307577), (10.1016/j.surg.2016.11.014))
No full textThe authors regret that the name of author Charles R. Vollmer MD is incorrect in the final published version. The correct name Charles Vollmer. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. Below is the correct order of authors: Claudio Bassi, MDa, Giovanni Marchegiani, MDa, Christos Dervenis, MD,b, Micheal Sarr, MDc, Mohammad Abu Hilal, MDd, Mustapha Adham, MDe, Peter Allen, MDf, Roland Andersson, MDg, Horacio J. Asbun, MDh, Marc G. Besselink, MDi, Kevin Conlon, MDj, Marco Del Chiaro, MDk, Massimo Falconi, MDl, Laureano Fernandez-Cruz, MDm, Carlos Fernandez-del Castillo, MDn, Abe Fingerhut, MDo, Helmut Friess, MDp, Dirk J Gouma, MDi, Thilo Hackert, MDq, Jakob Izbicki, MDr, Keith D. Lillemoe, MDn, John P. Neoptolemos, MDs, Attila Olah, MDt, Richard Schulick, MDu, Shailesh V. Shrikhande, MDv, Tadahiro Takada, MDw, Kyoichi Takaori, MDx, William Traverso, MDy, Charles Vollmer, MDz, Christopher L. Wolfgang, MDaa, Charles J. Yeo, MDbb, Roberto Salvia, MDa, Marcus Buchler, MDq, from the International Study Group on Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS
Letter from John H. Page to Carl Hayden
No full textLetter from John H. Page to Carl T. Hayden regarding his company's rights to build a railway if they choose to
Mesophilic-hydrothermal-thermophilic (M-H-T) digestion of green corn straw
No full textMesophilic-hydrothermal (80-160 degrees C, 30 min)-thermophilic (M-H-T) digestion and control tests of mesophilic (M), thermophilic (T), hydrothermal-mesophilic (H-M), and mesophilic-thermophilic digestion (M-T) of green corn straw were conducted for a 20-day fermentation period. The results indicate that M-H-T is an efficient method to improve methane production. A maximum methane yield of 371.74 mL/g volatile solid was obtained by the M (3 days)-H (140 degrees C)-T (17 days) process, which was 20.44%, 16.55%, 31.44%, and 14.31% higher than the yields of the M, T, 140-M, and M-T processes. The enhanced methane production was attributed to (1) the improved hemicellulose degradation and lignin disorganization; (2) prevention of the degradation of soluble sugar, easily hydrolyzed hemicellulose and cellulose into furfural and methylfurfural; and (3) lack of formation of Maillard reaction products during initial hydrothermal treatment. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Letter from Carl Hayden to Charles H. Akers
No full textLetter from Carl Hayden to C. H. Akers on the opposition to the Grand Canyon bill from A. A. Johns, J. W. Sullivan, Jesse Hoyce, T. E. Cureton, and Hugh Campbell. Hayden mentions his failure to contact the governor before the present special session, but expresses hope of the legislature passing a memorial on the subject
Measuring industry-science links through inventor-author relations: A profiling method
No full textIn this pilot study we examine the performance of text-based profiling in recovering a set of validated inventor-author links. In a first step we match patents and publications solely based on their similarity in content. Next, we compare inventor and author names on the highest ranked matches for the occurrence of name matches. Finally, we compare these candidate matches with the names listed in a validated set of inventor-author names. Our text-based profile methodology performs significantly better than a random matching of patents and publications, suggesting that text-based profiling is a valuable complementary tool to the name searches used in previous studies.innovation; industry-science links; text-based profiling;
Distal Pancreatectomy with Celiac Axis Resection (DP-CAR) for Pancreatic Cancer. How I do It.
No full textApproximately 30% of all pancreatic cancer patients have locally advanced (AJCC stage 3) disease. A sub-group of these patients-where the cancer only involves the celiac axis-may benefit from distal pancreatectomy with celiac axis resection (DP-CAR). Previous studies have shown that DP-CAR offers a survival benefit to a selected group of patients with otherwise unresectable pancreatic cancer, when performed by experienced pancreatic cancer treatment teams at high-volume centers. This article proposes a standardized approach to DP-CAR, including routine neoadjuvant (FOLFIRINOX) chemotherapy. This approach to selecting patients and performing DP-CAR has the potential to improve short-term outcomes and overall survival in selected patients, but it should be reserved for high-volume centers
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