1,720,954 research outputs found
Vienna, but fair - Influence of architectural measures on a socially just city
Get PDFDie Entstehung sozialer Ungleichheit und Segregation in einer Stadt ist das Ergebnis komplexer und vielschichtiger Faktoren. Diese Arbeit zielt darauf ab, diese Ungleichheitsfaktoren zu analysieren und stellt folgende zentrale Fragen: Identifizierung von Ungleichheiten - Welche systemischen, sozialen und räumlichen Ungleichheiten liegen in einer Stadt vor? Inwieweit kann eine Stadt als fair erachtet werden? Rolle der Architektur - Wie kann die Architektur dazu beitragen, diesen Ungleichheiten entgegenzuwirken? In dieser Arbeit dient die Stadt Wien als zentrales Untersuchungsobjekt. Eine eingehende Analyse der Stadt verdeutlicht, dass der 10. Wiener Gemeindebezirk, Favoriten, in besonderem Maße von sozialer Ungleichheit betroffen ist. Diese Ungleichheit hat nicht nur soziale, sondern auch räumliche Dimensionen, die auf politische Entscheidungen zurückzuführen sind und durch die Industrialisierung sowie nachfolgende stadtplanerische Eingriffe verstärkt wurden. Als Forschungsmethodik werden mit den Mitteln der Fotografie, der Bezirk kartiert und Lebensumstände dokumentiert. Aus einer multispektralen, interdisziplinären Perspektive werden über Gespräche mit den Bewohner*innen sowie den relevanten Akteur*innen der lokalen Institutionen, darunter Polizei und Sozialarbeit, Lebensrealitäten abgebildet. Die gesammelten Informationen werden einer theoretisch fundierten Reflexion unterzogen, wobei soziologische Ansätze von Bourdieu und Wacquant als Leitfaden dienen. Eine Hypothese dieser Arbeit ist, dass die vorhandene soziale Ungleichheit in Wien eng mit institutionellem und strukturellem Rassismus verknüpft ist. Zugangsbeschränkungen und Diskriminierung auf dem Wohnungsmarkt tragen zur Verdrängung sozial benachteiligter Bevölkerungsgruppen in einen strukturell isolierten, dicht besiedelten Bezirk bei. Zusätzlich beleuchtet die Analyse der Medienberichterstattung eine Tendenz zur Kriminalisierung von Armut, was ein negatives Image schafft und bei anderen Stadtbewohner*innen verstärkt Unsicherheit und Angst auslöst. In interdisziplinärer Zusammenarbeit mit einer Rechtspsychologin wird deutlich, dass Stigmatisierung und Vorurteile individuelles Verhalten beeinflussen können. Der Wert, der einem Ort zugesprochen wird, überträgt sich also auch auf seine Bewohner*innen. Abschließend werden auf verschiedenen Maßstäben konkrete, architektonische Einflussfaktoren aufgezeigt, die die Lebensqualität, soziale Mobilität und das Zusammengehörigkeitsgefühl langfristig verbessern. Es handelt sich dabei um ein konkretes Kooperationsprojekt mit dem lokalen Jugendzentrum, eine Reaktivierung impulsgebender Stadtbausteine und um eine großflächige Umgestaltung der Verkehrshierachie und des öffentlichen Raums.The development of social inequality and segregation in a city is the result of complex and multi-layered factors. This thesis aims to analyze these inequality factors and poses the following central questions: Identification of inequalities - What systemic, social and spatial inequalities are present in a city? To what extent can a city be considered fair? Role of architecture - How can architecture contribute to counteracting these inequalities? In this thesis, Vienna serves as the central object of study. An in-depth analysis of the city reveals that Vienna's 10th district, Favoriten, is particularly affected by social inequality. This inequality has not only social but also spatial dimensions, which can be traced back to political decisions and have been reinforced by industrialization and subsequent urban planning interventions. The research method combines photography with comprehensive mapping of the district and documentation of living conditions. From a multispectral, interdisciplinary perspective, realities of life are mapped through interviews with residents as well as relevant actors of local institutions, including police and social work. The collected information will be subjected to a theoretically grounded reflection, using sociological approaches by Bourdieu and Wacquant as a guide. A central hypothesis of this thesis is that existing social inequality in Vienna is closely linked to institutional and structural racism. Restrictions on access and discrimination in the housing market contribute to the displacement of socially disadvantaged populations into an exclusive, densely populated and structurally isolated district. In addition, the analysis of media coverage sheds light on a tendency to criminalize poverty, which creates a negative image and triggers increased insecurity and fear among other city residents. In interdisciplinary collaboration with a legal psychologist, it becomes clear that stigmatization and prejudice can influence individual behavior. The reputation of a place is thus also transmitted to its inhabitants. Finally, concrete architectural interventions are proposed at various levels to improve the quality of life, social mobility and sense of belonging in the long term. These measures include a cooperation project with the local youth center, the reactivation of impulse-giving urban building blocks, and large-scale redesigns of the traffic structure and public space
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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