1,720,987 research outputs found
Replication Data for: Rebels, Revenue, and Redistribution: The Political Geography of Post-Conflict Power-Sharing in Africa
No full textDo rebel elites who gain access to political power through power-sharing reward their own ethnic constituencies after war? We argue that power-sharing governments serve as instruments for rebel elites to access state resources. This access allows elites to allocate state resources disproportionately to their regional power bases, particularly the settlement areas of rebel groups’ ethnic constituencies. To test this proposition, we link information on rebel groups in power-sharing governments in African post-conflict countries to information about ethnic support for rebel organizations. We combine this information with sub-national data on ethnic groups' settlement areas and data on night light emissions to proxy sub-national variation in resource investments. Implementing a difference-in-differences empirical strategy, we show that regions with ethnic groups represented through rebels in the power-sharing government exhibit higher levels of night light emissions than those regions without such representation. Our findings help to reconceptualize post-conflict power-sharing arrangements as rent-generating and redistributive institutions
Replication Data for: Rebels, Revenue, and Redistribution: The Political Geography of Post-Conflict Power-Sharing in Africa
No full textDo rebel elites who gain access to political power through power-sharing reward their own ethnic constituencies after war? We argue that power-sharing governments serve as instruments for rebel elites to access state resources. This access allows elites to allocate state resources disproportionately to their regional power bases, particularly the settlement areas of rebel groups’ ethnic constituencies. To test this proposition, we link information on rebel groups in power-sharing governments in African post-conflict countries to information about ethnic support for rebel organizations. We combine this information with sub-national data on ethnic groups' settlement areas and data on night light emissions to proxy sub-national variation in resource investments. Implementing a difference-in-differences empirical strategy, we show that regions with ethnic groups represented through rebels in the power-sharing government exhibit higher levels of night light emissions than those regions without such representation. Our findings help to reconceptualize post-conflict power-sharing arrangements as rent-generating and redistributive institutions
Replication Data for: The Effect of Wartime Legacies on Electoral Mobilization after Civil War
No full textElections are cornerstones for societies transitioning from civil war to democracy. The success or failure of these elections is shaped by the strategies former rebels employ to mobilize voters. Of those strategies, clientelism is particularly important as it represents improved voter-elite relations over dysfunctional wartime politics, but, if pervasive, also risks undermining long-term democratic consolidation. We argue that the organizational legacies of rebellion shape the way how rebels engage in electoral clientelism. We expect that former rebels target pre-electoral benefits to areas of wartime support; rely on wartime military networks to deliver those benefits; and exploit discretionary control over peace dividends when allocating electoral benefits. We combine original geospatial data on the timing and location of over 2,000 tsunami aid projects with village-level surveys in post-civil war Aceh, Indonesia, to test these hypotheses. Results from difference-in-differences models and detailed tests of causal mechanisms are consistent with our theoretical expectations
Replication Data for: The Political Effects of Witnessing State Atrocities: Evidence from the Nazi Death Marches
No full textHow does witnessing regime atrocities influence the political attitudes of bystanders? We argue that observing regime violence against innocent civilians triggers psychological dissonance between beliefs about the regime and the witnessed moral transgression. As a result, regime support should decrease among bystanders of state atrocities. We analyze original, highly disaggregated archival data from the Nazi death marches at the end of World War II, which confronted ordinary German citizens with the regime's crimes. We find that locations with higher victim numbers had lower vote shares for right-wing nationalist parties after the war. Supporting our proposed mechanism, we show that 1) this effect was strongest when Nazi crimes were at the center of public discourse, and 2) that witnessing Nazi atrocities was associated with individuals' rejection of Hitler twenty years later. The findings have implications for understanding democratization prospects and people's nostalgia for fallen autocrats
Replication Data for: War and Nationalism: How WW1 battle deaths fueled civilians' support for the Nazi Party
No full textCan wars breed nationalism? We argue that civilians' indirect exposure to war fatalities can trigger psychological processes that increase identification with their nation and ultimately strengthen support for nationalist parties. We test this argument in the context of the rise of the Nazi Party after World War 1. To measure localized war exposure, we machine-coded information on all 8.6 million German soldiers who were wounded or died in WW1. Our empirical strategy leverages battlefield dynamics that cause plausibly exogenous variation in the county-level casualty fatality rate---the share of dead soldiers among all casualties. We find that throughout the interwar period, electoral support for right-wing nationalist parties, including the Nazi Party, was 2.6 percentage points higher in counties with above-median casualty fatality rates. Consistent with our proposed mechanism, we find that this effect was driven by civilians rather than veterans and areas with a preexisting tradition of collective war commemoration
Regionale Kooperation und Integration im Sub-Sahara Afrika – Eine dritte Welle der Regionalisierung?
No full textVor allem seit Mitte der 1990er Jahre ist regionale Kooperation und Integration im sub-saharischen Afrika zu einem Trendphänomen geworden, das immer mehr Politikfelder berührt. Mit der so genannten 2. Welle der Regionalisierung erhofften sich viele afrikanische Staaten nicht nur neue Lösungen für ihre zahlreichen (sicherheits-)politischen, ökonomischen und sozialen Probleme. Vielmehr können die Versuche zur vertieften dauerhaften Kooperation und Integration auf dem Kontinent auch als Antwort auf globale Entwicklungen, Interdependenzen und integrative Erfolgsgeschichten (z.B. EU, ASEAN) betrachtet werden. In die derzeit existierenden 19 Regionalorganisationen in Afrika (davon 14 größere und fünf kleinere), werden demnach sehr viele Hoffnungen und Erwartungen, nicht nur von Seiten der Regierungen, sondern neuerdings auch von Seiten externer und zivilgesellschaftlicher Kräfte gesteckt. Zunehmend sind in verschiedenen Organisationen wie der East African Community (EAC), der Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) oder der Southern African Development Community nicht mehr nur kooperative, sondern dezidiert integrative Formen der Zusammenarbeit feststellbar. Befindet sich das sub-saharische Afrika daher auf dem Weg zu einer neuen, einer dritten Welle der Regionalisierung
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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