4 research outputs found
Lee Strasberg, Michael Tschechow and Sanford Meisner in comparison : advantages and disadvantages of the acting methods
No full textDie vorliegende Arbeit untersucht drei Schauspiellehrmetoden auf ihre Vor- und Nachteile. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit werden die Techniken von Lee Strasberg (Method Acting), Michael Tschechow (Tschechow Methode) und Sanford Meisner (Meisner Technik) vorgestellt. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit werden die Lehrmethoden anhand von fünf Kriterien miteinander verglichen. Dabei zeigt sich, welche Technik sich für welche Situation am besten eignet. Für jedes Vergleichskriterium wird eine beispielhafte Situation aufgeführ
Standardisierung und Normalisierung von Elternschaft am Beispiel von Adoptionsbewerbern und Adoptiveltern
No full textFamilie wird in den deutschen Medien und der Politik seit einiger Zeit als „Problemfall“ wahrgenommen. Nicht nur Szenarien einer „dramatisch alternden Gesellschaft“ werden dabei gezeichnet, auch die Frage nach der „Erziehungskompetenz“ der Eltern wird diskutiert. In der politischen Debatte, wie auch in der Mediendiskussion wird dabei die Ambivalenz zwischen dem Vorrang des Kindeswohls und der Wahrung von Elternrechten deutlich. Während die staatliche Sanktionierung der familiären Privatsphäre jedoch eine Überprüfung angehender (biologischer) Eltern verhindert, ist für Adoptionsbewerber das Bestehen eines Eignungsverfahrens die Voraussetzung für die ‚Zulassung’ zur (Adoptiv-)Elternschaft. In dieser Magisterarbeit wird untersucht, mit welchen gesellschaftlichen Vorstellungen von Familie und (Adoptiv-)Kindern sich (angehende) Adoptiveltern auseinandersetzen müssen. Zu diesem Zweck analysiert die Autorin die gesetzlichen und institutionellen Voraussetzungen der Adoption in Deutschland. Sie wertet 16 mehrstündige, leitfadengestützte Interviews mit Berliner Adoptionsvermittlern und (angehenden) Adoptiveltern sowie Beobachtungen in einer Adoptionsselbsthilfegruppe aus. Unter Rückgriff auf theoretische Konzepte, die sich an Foucaults Begriff der Gouvernementalität anlehnen, wird untersucht, inwiefern von einer Standardisierung bzw. einer Normalisierung von Elternschaft im Zusammenhang mit dem Adoptionsverfahren gesprochen werden kann. Von besonderem Interesse ist dabei einerseits, wie die Betroffenen lernen, eine diskursiv und institutionell als „außergewöhnlich“ und „unnatürlich“ dargestellte Beziehungskonstellation zwischen Eltern und adoptiertem Kind zu normalisieren. Andererseits geht die Autorin der Frage nach, wie staatliche Regulation von den betroffenen Familien in individuelles und familiales Selbstmanagement transformiert wird.For some time “the family” has been perceived as problematic by German media and politics. Not only scenarios of a „dramatically aging society“ are envisioned, but also the question of „educational competences“ is being discussed. In the political debate as well as in media discussions an ambivalence between the priority of the welfare of the child and the protection of parents’ rights is apparent. While governmental protection of „familial privacy“ prevents control of (biological) parents to be, applicants for adoption have to pass an aptitude test to be admitted for (adoptive) parenthood. This M.A. thesis examines the societal notions of family and children which adoptive parents have to deal with. The author analyses the juridical and institutional conditions of adoptions in Germany. She evaluates 16 qualitative interviews of several hours with Berlin adoption agents and adoptive parents (to be) as well as the results of ethnographic observations in an adoption support group. With reference to theoretical concepts that are modelled on Foucault’s idea of governmentality the thesis examines in how far one can speak of a standardization or normalization of parenthood in the context of the aptitude test. On the one hand the study focuses on how the concerned persons learn to normalize a relationship between parents and adoptee that is discursively and institutionally regarded as “extraordinary” and “unnatural”. On the other hand the author attends to the question of how governmental regulation is transformed into individual and familial self-management by the concerned families
The First Hebrew Periodicals of the Hebrew Haskalah: The Transition from Hame’asef (1783-1811) to Bikurei Ha’itim (1820-1831)
No full textThe article examines some of the cultural trends that developed among the Maskilim in Germany since the demise of Ha-me\u27asef first in 1797 and then in 1811, relating them to the emergence of the Haskalah in Austria and to the launching of the periodical Bikurei ha\u27itim. The folding of Ha-me\u27asef came as a result of the changes in cultural needs of the intellectual elite among the Maskilim who increasingly resorted to the use of German culture and literature instead of Hebrew. This trend is documented in the correspondence between the first editor of Ha-me\u27asef, Isaac Euchel, and its last editor, Shalom Hacohen, and in the writings of the contemporary Maskil Juda Leib Ben Zeev, among others. Nevertheless, there were attempts to revive that Hebrew journal. First, in 1799, there was an unsuccessful attempt, as Hacohen prompted Euchel to assume again the editorship of Ha-me\u27asef. Then, in 1808, Hacohen himself launched the new Ha-me\u27asef, which continued publication for three years, till 1811. Seven years after the closing of the journal, in 1818, there was an attempt to publish selections from Ha-me\u27asef, a plan that most probably did not materialize. The emergence of the Haskalah in Austria is said to have been a gradual process, following in the footsteps of the Berlin Haskalah, although its course eventually took a somewhat different path.The author notes that two institutions which become active in Vienna in these years led to the growing interest in the Haskalah. They were the Hebrew printing presses, which employed Hebrew proofreaders and editors, and the beginning of modern Hebrew schools and the practice of private Hebrew tutoring. Both institutions attracted noted Hebrew writers and educators, the carriers of Hebrew culture, to Vienna. When Shalom Hacohen came to Vienna in 1820 at the invitation of Anton Schmid, the publisher of Hebrew books and owner of the printing press, to become a proofreader and an editor, he found the ground prepared for launching a journal, following somewhat in the footsteps of Ha-me\u27asef. While this is the generally accepted overview of the backdrop leading to the appearance of Bikurei Ha\u27itim, the writer undertook to examine some other phenomena on the Jewish publications scene that he believes have some bearing on the launching of Bikurei Ha\u27itim. The first phenomenon is the publication of several Jewish journals, which attempted to fill the lacuna of the demised Hebrew journal, Hame\u27asef. In 1806, between the first Hame\u27asef and the renewed one, two Jewish educators, David Fraenkel and Joseph Wolf, published a German periodical, Sulamith, It undertook to promote culture and humanism among the \u27Jewish nation\u27 and to advocate brotherhood and tolerance. Sulamith was intended to serve the remnants of the Hebrew Maskilim who wished to read a Hebrew periodical or were nostalgic about Hame\u27asef and its authors. The second German Jewish periodical was Jedidja, published first in 1817 by Jeremias Heinemann, as a religious, ethical and pedagogic quarterly. It, too, carried articles and poems in Hebrew, and was intended as well to serve Hebrew Maskilim. Meanwhile in Amsterdam, the Hebrew society \u27Hevrat To\u27elet\u27 launched its Hebrew periodical, Bikurei To\u27elet, in 1820, prior to the publication of Bikurei Ha\u27itim. This writer asserts that these three periodicals must have been on the desk of Shalom Hacohen and Anton Schmid when they were contemplating their plans to publish a new Hebrew journal in Austria. In March 1820, Schmid announced that he was going to publish a calendar, titled Itim Mezumanim, and an annual by the name of Bikurei Ha\u27itim. The simultaneous publication of the annual and calendar attests to an innovative concept. According to this writer, these two publications were interrelated and interdependent, a view that was not been discussed in any critical writing on Bikurei Ha\u27itim. To understand this innovative concept, this writer proposes to examine the contemporary phenomenon of Jewish pocket calendars. The contents, style and essence of some calendars were examined while particular attention was given to Joseph Perl\u27s special calendar, Zir Ne\u27eman. It was published in 1814 — 1816. Thus, it is the conclusion of this writer that Bikurei Ha\u27itim at its inception was planned as an almanac, incorporating data, business and practical information with intellectual and literary material
Making sense of institutional change in China: The cultural dimension of economic growth and modernization
No full textBuilding on a new model of institutions proposed by Aoki and the systemic approach to economic civilizations outlined by Kuran, this paper attempts an analysis of the cultural foundations of recent Chinese economic development. I argue that the cultural impact needs to be conceived as a creative process that involves linguistic entities and other public social items in order to provide integrative meaning to economic interactions and identities to different agents involved. I focus on three phenomena that stand at the center of economic culture in China, networks, localism and modernism. I eschew the standard dualism of individualism vs. collectivism in favour of a more detailed view on the self in social relationships. The Chinese pattern of social relations, guanxi, is also a constituent of localism, i.e. a peculiar arrangement and resulting dynamics of central-local interactions in governing the economy. Localism is balanced by culturalist controls of the center, which in contemporary China builds on the worldview of modernism. Thus, economic modernization is a cultural phenomenon on its own sake. I summarize these interactions in a process analysis based on Aoki's framework. --Aoki,culture and the economy,emics/etics,guanxi,relational collectivism,central/local government relations,culturalism,population quality,consumerism
