1,721,051 research outputs found
CAN NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL EVIDENCE INFORM CONNECTIONIST MODELING - ANALYSES OF SPELLING
No full textThe symbolic information-processing paradigm in cognitive psychology has seen a growing challenge from neural network models over the past decade or so. While neuropsychological evidence has been of great utility in informing information-processing modelling, the emergence of less rigidly modular connectionist models raises the possibility that constraints from the behaviour of a damaged system may give relatively little information about these more complex structures. We believe that this will not prove to be the case, however, and discuss connectionist models of two sub-components of the spelling process which, internally, blur modular boundaries, and which explain, rather than describe, the relevant neuropsychological evidence. The models operate serially, and thus fall within a domain which has been a stronghold of symbolic modelling. The strong neuropsychological support which emerges for such models is therefore of particular interest
Spelling and serial recall: Insights from a Competitive Queueing model
No full textACKGROUND: Issues in Spelling Research: An Overview; Spelling Routes (or Roots or Rutes); Writing and Spelling: The View from Linguistics; SPELLING DEVELOPMENT: Sources of Information used by Beginning Spellers; The Role of Phonological and Orthographic Processes in Learning to Spell; Towards a Model of Spelling Acquisition: The Development of Some Component Skills; ABNORMAL SPELLING: Spelling Processes of the Reading Disabled; On the Development of Lexical and Non-Lexical Spelling Procedures of French-Speaking, Normal and Disabled Children; The Modularity of Reading and Spelling: Evidence from Hyperlexia; COMPUTATIONAL MODELS: Computational Approaches to Normal and Dyslexic Spelling; Representation and Connectionist Models: The NETspell Experience; REMEDIATION: Teaching Spelling: Bridging Theory and Practice; Organizing Sound and Letter Patterns for Spelling
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Interactions between knowledge sources in a dual-route connectionist model of spelling
No full textIt is now standard in the psychological literature to assume that the functional architecture for the system involved in spelling a word from memory uses two routes, a phonological route and a lexically based route. We describe a modular connectionist model based on this dual route architecture. Both routes in the model, tested in isolation, are able to simulate important aspects of the relevant psychological data. Some progress has been made towards combining the two routes into a single system. In attempting a coherent connectionist account, however, we are forced to address from first principles the difficult problem of the synchronisation and integration of information from each route into an output which combines the capabilities of both.
We believe that the interactions between cognitive modules may be more difficult to model than the modules themselves, and that connectionist approaches, by forcing these interactions to be addressed at a basic level, may help to focus attention on difficult problems of psychological modelling which might otherwise not be addressed
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