127,335 research outputs found
Insider Liability for Short-Swing Profits Pursuant to Mergers and Related Transactions
No full textThis article considers the problems presented by the application of section 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to corporate merger transactions. Mr. Hemmer argues that the matching across proposal, which has been suggested by some commentators, should not be applied to the merger situation. Instead, the author advocates that the possibility of abuse test, which the courts have applied to conversion transactions, should also. be applicable to the corporate merger. Mr. Hemmer feels this approach will prevent the abuses for which section 16(b) was enacted and, at the same time, provide the courts with a flexible test for this complex area
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Bosnia-Herzegovina: Constructing Civil Society Under a Semi-Protectorate
No full textCivil society in Bosnia-Herzegovina (henceforth Bosnia or BiH) is weak and divided, but slowly rising to the political role it will have to play to make peace and democracy sustainable.1 Bosnia is simultaneously recovering from the legacy of communism and three and a half years of the most brutal conflict in Europe since WWII. Massive human dislocation caused by the war resulted in ethnically homogeneous areas frequently controlled by the same political parties responsible for the carnage. Unemployment is almost 40 percent,2 and corruption is widespread. In this context, Bosnian citizens are often more concerned by issues of economic survival than by participation in the public sphere. Yet, despite this difficult environment, Bosnian civil society has provided important contributions to the peacebuilding process. Many civil society groups have been engaged in rebuilding relationships and mediating between ethnic communities to facilitate the post-war return of refugees and displaced persons. An increasing number are involved in building the civic attitudes and practices that are necessary for democracy to work, and a few civic initiatives have resulted in legal changes that are helpful to cementing the peace
Child labour and international trade: An economic perspective
No full textChild labour is a widespread phenomenon. Although economic activities of children have been commonplace even before the industrialisation, it has in the meanwhile become a lasting symbol of the industrial revolution and of industrialisation in general. In most countries the inclusion of children in the labour force is legally restricted. Nevertheless, economic activities of children, most of these within their families, continue to be an everyday feature of economic development, especially in the poorer countries. Beside cultural or social factors, these economic activities are mainly determined by economic forces. Hence, economic conditions most likely play a fundamental role in explaining child labour. Economic development trends which change the economic conditions therefore influence the extent of child labour. --
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Recommendations for the calculation of the total disturbing return current from electric traction vehicles
No full textThe superposition of the conducted interference produced by multiple electric traction vehicles into a track section is considered in the frequency range up to 20 kHz. The subject is important not only for estimation of the disturbance produced by new rolling stock in plausible traffic conditions, but also for each railway operator to fix adequate limits for the return current of each unit. The analysis is performed on a reference ac single track line of overall 50-km length. First, the sources of interference are classified, with particular attention to the synchronization issue and phase displacement. Then, the railway line properties as the mean of conductive coupling are identified (attenuation and phase rotation versus frequency and length). Last, a preliminary attempt is made to derive summation rules for disturbance from different vehicles
Ves v 5 can establish the diagnosis in patients without detectable specific IgE to wasp venom and a possible north-south difference in Api m 1 sensitization in Europe.
No full textauthor reply 818-9;
Comment on
High sensitivity of CAP-FEIA rVes v 5 and rVes v 1 for diagnosis of Vespula venom allergy. [J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012
Pragmatic Case Studies as a Source of Unity in Applied Psychology
No full textTo unify or not to unify applied psychology: that is the question. In this article we review pendulum swings in the historical efforts to answer this question—from a comprehensive, positivist, “top-down,” deductive yes between the 1930s and the early 60s, to a postmodern no since then. A rationale and proposal for a limited, “bottom-up,” inductive yes in applied psychology is then presented, employing a case-based paradigm that integrates both positivist and postmodern themes and components. This paradigm is labeled “pragmatic psychology” and, its specific use of case studies, the “Pragmatic Case Study Method” (“PCS Method”). We call for the creation of peer-reviewed journal-databases of pragmatic case studies as a foundational source of unifying applied knowledge in our discipline. As one example, the potential of the PCS Method for unifying different angles of theoretical regard is illustrated in an area of applied psychology, psychotherapy, via the case of Mrs. B. The article then turns to the broader historical and epistemological arguments for the unifying nature of the PCS Method in both applied and basic psychology.Peer reviewe
Dr. Edwin Wright Collection: Author Unknown
No full textNotes - The author relates several short stories about his neighbours including Alex McDonell, homesteading and life around Meanook and Athabasca (1 page
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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