1,720,961 research outputs found
Influence of Probiotics Administration on Gut Microbiota Core A Review on the Effects on Appetite Control, Glucose, and Lipid Metabolism
No full textDietary lipid content reorganizes gut microbiota and probiotic L. rhamnosus attenuates obesity and enhances catabolic hormonal milieu in zebrafish
Get PDFAbstractIn the present study, we explored whether dietary lipid content influences the gut microbiome in adult zebrafish. Diets containing three different lipid levels (high [HFD], medium [MFD], and low [LFD]) were administered with or without the supplementation of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (P) to zebrafish in order to explore how the dietary lipid content may influence the gut microbiome. Dietary lipid content shifted the gut microbiome structure. The addition of L. rhamnosus in the diets, induced transcriptional reduction of orexigenic genes, upregulation of anorexigenic genes, and transcriptional decrease of genes involved in cholesterol and triglyceride (TAG) metabolism, concomitantly with lower content of cholesterol and TAG. Probiotic feeding also decreased nesfatin-1 peptide in HFD-P and attenuated weight gain in HFD-P and MFD-P fed zebrafish, but not in LFD-P group. Intestinal ultrastructure was not affected by dietary fat level or probiotic inclusion. In conclusion, these findings underline the role of fat content in the diet in altering gut microbiota community by shifting phylotype composition and highlight the potential of probiotics to attenuate high-fat diet-related metabolic disorder.</jats:p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Vliv endokrinních disruptorů na funkčnost spermií a změny ve steroidogenezi transkriptomik u ryb
No full textIn the present study, both in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to investigate modes of action of selected EDCs including mercury chloride (HgCl2), bisphenol A (BPA), vinclozolin (VZ) and Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP) on male reproductive physiology in fish. Results obtained from in vitro studies showed that EDCs decrease sperm motility via disruption in energetics and damage to spermatozoa; however the effective doses are higher than reported in the environmentally relevant concentrations. In contrast, in vivo studies showed adverse effects of BPA, VZ, and DEHP on sperm quality at environmentally relevant concentrations. Decrease in sperm quality is associated with disruption in testicular steroidogenesis, particularly inhibition of androgens. Only BPA induced vitellogenin production, associated with increase in transcripts of estrogen receptor, androgen receptor and cytochrome P450 mRNA at the high dose approaching environmental level. Inhibition of androgen production is due to disruption in transfer of cholesterol into the steroidogenesis pathway, because transcript of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein mRNA was decreased. In addition, BPA acts through sex steroid-mediated mechanism while DEHP mode of action is sex-steroid independent mechanism
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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