56,241 research outputs found
[Report from H. M. Hart to Chief J. E. Curry, concerning the activities of Jack Ruby #2]
No full textReport from H. M. Hart to Chief J. E. Curry, concerning the activities of Jack Ruby on the morning of Saturday, November 23, 1963. Hart states that Sergeant D. V. Harkness saw Jack Ruby standing in the street on Saturday afternoon and directed him to go back to the sidewalk
Back or neck-pain-related disability of nursing staff in hospitals, nursing homes and home care in seven countries- results from the European NEXT-Study
No full textBackground: musculoskeletal disorders are a widespread affliction in the nursing profession. Back or neck-pain-related disability of nursing staff is mainly attributed to physical and psychosocial risk factors.Objectives: to investigate which—and to what extent—physical and psychosocial risk factors are associated with neck/back-pain-related disability in nursing, and to assess the role of the type of health care institution (hospitals, nursing homes and home care institutions) within different countries in this problem.Design: cross-sectional secondary analysis of multinational data of nurses and auxiliary staff in hospitals (n=16,770), nursing homes (n=2140) and home care institutions (n=2606) in seven countries from the European NEXT-Study.Methods: multinomial logistic regression analysis with raw models for each factor and mutually adjusted with all analysed variables.Results: analysis of the pooled data revealed effort-reward imbalance as the predominant risk factor for disability in all settings (odds ratios for high disability by effort-reward ratio: hospital 5.05 [4.30–5.93]; nursing home 6.52 [4.04–10.52] and home care 6.4 [3.83–10.70] [after mutual adjustment of psychosocial and physical risk factors]). In contrast, physical exposure to lifting and bending showed only limited associations with odds ratios below 1.6; the availability and use of lifting aids was—after mutual adjustment—not or only marginally associated with disability. These findings were basically confirmed in separate analyses for all seven countries and types of institutions.Conclusions: the findings show a pronounced association between psychosocial factors and back or neck-pain-related disability. Further research should consider psychosocial factors and should take the setting where nurses work into accoun
UK back pain exercise and manipulation (UK BEAM) trial - national randomised trial of physical treatments for back pain in primary care: objectives, design and interventions
No full textLow back pain has major health and social implications. Although there have been
many randomised controlled trials of manipulation and exercise for the management of low back
pain, the role of these two treatments in its routine management remains unclear. A previous trial
comparing private chiropractic treatment with National Health Service (NHS) outpatient
treatment, which found a benefit from chiropractic treatment, has been criticised because it did not
take treatment location into account. There are data to suggest that general exercise programmes
may have beneficial effects on low back pain. The UK Medical Research Council (MRC) has funded
this major trial of physical treatments for back pain, based in primary care. It aims to establish if,
when added to best care in general practice, a defined package of spinal manipulation and a defined
programme of exercise classes (Back to Fitness) improve participant-assessed outcomes.
Additionally the trial compares outcomes between participants receiving the spinal manipulation in
NHS premises and in private premises
Predicting the Optical Pressure Sensitivity of 2E → 4A2 Spin-Flip Transition in Cr3+-Doped Crystals
No full textUnderstanding the role played by the material chemistry to increase the pressure sensitivity of new optical pressure probes is of great scientific interest. After almost 50 years from the first proposal as an optical pressure sensor, the R-line emission of ruby (α-Al2O3:Cr3+) is still the standard pressure probe used for the diamond anvil cell experiments in worldwide laboratories. Besides the fundamental importance of developing new materials able to discriminate pressure variations with high sensitivity, the ability to predict the potentials of new materials is still a huge challenge. In this view, the pressure dependence of the R-lines in mullite-type Bi2M4O9:Cr3+ (M = Ga, Al) systems is exploited as a case study. Despite the promising performances as a pressure sensor, the mixing between 4T2 and 2E hinders the applicability of Bi2Ga4O9:Cr3+, while Bi2Al4O9:Cr3+ is characterized by a linear trend in the whole pressure range explored and a remarkable sensitivity higher than ruby. The analysis of the Cr3+-based pressure sensors in terms of crystal field, nephelauxetic effect, and bulk modulus led to a universal relationship between the pressure sensitivity and the ambient pressure 2E energy of Cr3+-doped phosphors, allowing the prediction of highly sensitive optical pressure sensors
Letter from H. M. Bouldin to George W. Wade
No full text2 pages / text, handwrittenLetter from H. M. Bouldin to George W. Wade discussing work, chickens, the railroad, and other news. He mentions that George is currently unemployed. J. Bouldin wrote a note to her sister on the back saying that she will write soon. She mentions that Jennie bought a new hat, and she had her old one fixed up
High-Pressure Photoluminescence Properties of Cr3+-Doped LaGaO3 Perovskites Modulated by Pressure-Induced Phase Transition
No full textThe photoluminescence properties of Cr3+-doped LaGaO3 perovskites are investigated by high-pressure spectroscopy. The pressure-induced phase transition from orthorhombic (Pbnm) to rhombohedral (R3̅c) at around 2 GPa is confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. Cr3+-doped LaGaO3 shows deep-red emission peaks around 730 nm due to the zero-phonon line (R-line) and the phonon sidebands, which correspond to Cr3+: 2Eg → 4A2g transitions in the ideal octahedral site and the Cr–Cr pair luminescence (N-line) under ambient condition. Under a high pressure, the R-line shifts to a lower energy at a rate of −13 cm–1/GPa. From the pressure dependence of photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectra, it is suggested that the redshift of the R-line is caused by the decrease of Racah parameters B and C. Moreover, the N-line luminescence becomes stronger relative to the R-line with increasing pressure and the N-line/R-line can be used to monitor the phase transition pressure. Under a high pressure, the tilt angle of the GaO6 octahedral unit becomes smaller. It implies that the enhanced N-line luminescence is caused by the stronger superexchange interaction between Cr3+ ions due to the increased Cr–O–Cr bond angle closer to 180°
Portrait of Hon. T. H. Tongue, M. C.
No full textA portrait of Hon. T. H. Tongue, M. C.From back of photo: Hon. T. H. Tongue, M. C., 1902. Return to W. C. Eells, WallaWalla, Washingto
Boltzmann Thermometry in Cr3+-Doped Ga2O3 Polymorphs: The Structure Matters!
No full textThe performance of luminescent Cr3+-doped thermometers is strongly influenced by the locally surrounding ligand field. A universal relationship between the thermometric performance and structural/chemical parameters is highly desirable to drive the development of effective Cr3+-based thermal sensors avoiding trial-and-error procedures. In this view, as prototypes, the electronic structure and the thermometric performance of Cr3+-doped α-Ga2O3 and β-Ga2O3 polymorphs are compared. Combining a detailed theoretical and spectroscopic investigation, the electronic configuration and the crystal field (CF) acting on the Cr3+ in α-Ga2O3 are described for the first time and compared with β-Ga2O3:Cr3+ polymorph to discuss the thermometric behavior. A linear relationship between the 4T2–2E energy gap (directly linked to the relative sensitivity) and the CF strength Dq is demonstrated for a wide variety of materials. This trend can be considered as a first step to set guiding principles to design effective Cr3+-based Boltzmann thermometers. In addition, as a proof of concept, particles of β-Ga2O3:Cr3+ thermometer are used to locally measure in operando thermal variations of Pt catalysts on β-Ga2O3:Cr3+ support during a catalytic reaction of C2H4 hydrogenation in a contactless and reliable mode, demonstrating their real potentials
Conservative management of low back pain
No full textBack pain is prevalent worldwide, but back pain disability has reached epidemic proportions in many industrialised societies. Few patients have serious medical pathology or direct neurological involvement requiring surgery. Although the causes remain unclear, physical stress and its consequences on discs, facet joints and supporting soft tissues at work or leisure are important, sometimes aggravated by adverse psychosocial factors. Modern management emphasises the role of self-care, beginning in primary care with the first episode. Without root compression, bed rest should not exceed 48 hours. Emphasis is on encouraging a rapid return to physical fitness and other activities, including employment, acknowledging that returning to a normal life may require working through pain. Medication facilitates this. No one should remain in pain beyond six weeks without being referred to a specialist service for a physical and psychosocial assessment by appropriately trained professionals and with consultant support for investigation, pain management and rehabilitation when needed
The role of oxide interlayers in back reflector configurations for amorphous silicon solar cells
No full textThin oxide interlayers are commonly added to the back reflector of thin-film silicon solar cells to increase their current. To gain more insight in the enhancement mechanism, we tested different back reflector designs consisting of aluminium-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al) and/or hydrogenated silicon oxide (SiOx:H) interlayers with different metals (silver, aluminium, and chromium) in standard p-i-n a-Si:H solar cells. We use a unique inverse modeling approach to show that in most back reflectors the internal metal reflectance is lower than expected theoretically. However, the metal reflectance is increased by the addition of an oxide interlayer. Our experiments demonstrate that SiOx:H forms an interesting alternative interlayer because unlike the more commonly used ZnO:Al it can be deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition and it does not reduce the fill factor. The largest efficiency enhancement is obtained with a double interlayer of SiOx:H and ZnO:Al.Electrical Sustainable EnergyElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
- …
