2,613 research outputs found
미국의 사례와 그 시사점을 중심으로
No full text학위논문(석사) -- 서울대학교대학원 : 법학전문대학원 법학과, 2022.2. 김종보.종래 용도지역제에 관한 법학에서의 논의는 토지이용의 규제 및 개발행위에 대한 통제 가능성에 초점이 맞추어져왔다. 그러나 도시계획은 본질적으로 규제의 대상에 따라 용도규제적 측면과 형태규제적 측면으로 나누어질 수 있으며, 도시계획이 용도지역제를 통하여 구현되는 경우에도 마찬가지라 보아야 한다. 본 논문은 이와 같이 형태규제와 용도규제가 준별될 수 있음을 전제로 형태규제에 관한 법학적 논의를 시도하며, 형태규제에 대한 보다 체계적인 이해를 위하여 한국의 용도지역제와 연혁적으로 밀접한 관련을 맺고 있는 미국 주요 도시의 형태규제 사례와 그 시사점 또한 논한다.
도시계획에서 형태규제는 다시 건축물이 얼마만큼의 공간을 점유할 수 있는지에 관한 크기규제와, 규모를 제외한 건축물의 외형적 요소에 관한 형상규제로 세부화할 수 있다. 이와 같이 형태규제를 분류함으로써 다양한 층위에 얽혀 있는 각종 도시계획법령상의 계획수단을 체계적으로 분석·이해할 수 있다.
현행 국토계획법상의 도시계획은 명확한 체계 없이 상당부분 용도지역제에 의지하고 있어 도시계획이 갖는 형태규제적 특성이 법령의 체계와 문언에 선명히 나타나지 않는다. 그리고 형태규제 중 형상규제의 경우 국토계획법이 그 성립근거와 범위 등을 규율하지 않기 때문에, 그 중 일부가 용도지구, 지구단위계획 기타 지방자치단체가 자체적으로 정하는 도시관리계획의 내용을 구성하는 것 외에는 통합적인 관리가 이루어지지 못하고 있다. 형태규제의 방식은 궁극적으로는 입법재량의 문제라 할 것이나, 현재와 같은 형태규제 체계를 유지하는 경우에도 건축물의 형태에 대한 보다 세밀하고 체계적인 관리가 이루어질 필요성이 있다.Existing researches on zoning regulations have mostly focused on regulatory control over land use and development. Urban planning regulations(including zoning regulations) on buildings, however, can be subdivided into use regulations and form regulations. This study aims to initiate a legal discourse on the form regulations which have been largely neglected in legal studies. The study also provides a comparative focus on the form regulations in the United States, of which zoning regulations have been highly influential in the establishment and development of land use regulations in Korea.
Form regulations can be categorized into bulk regulations, which control how much space a building can occupy, and design regulations. Categorizing form regulations is essential in understanding the intricate web of various form regulations that have been codified in a rather unstructured way. There is no definite answer on how to regulate building forms as the matter is largely up to legislative discretion. Nevertheless, a more carefully designed regulatory approach seems desirable in order to achieve a better planning control over building forms.제 1 장 서론 1
제 1 절 연구의 배경 1
제 2 절 연구의 목적과 범위 2
제 2 장 형태규제의 의의 3
제 1 절 서설 3
제 2 절 도시계획의 개념과 의의 4
I. 도시계획의 의의 4
1. 법적 개념화의 한계 4
2. 도시계획의 구성요소 7
3. 도시계획의 법적 의의 7
II. 도시계획의 내용 8
1. 건축단위의 설정 8
2. 건축허용성의 부여 9
3. 토지이용용도의 지정 10
4. 건축허가요건의 통제 11
5. 기반시설의 설치 11
제 3 절
도시계획수단으로서 형태규제 12
I. 형태규제의 개념과 의의 12
1. 도시계획의 종류 12
2. 형태규제의 유형 14
II. 형태규제의 도시계획적 기능 15
1. 형태규제의 적용대상 15
2. 형태규제의 작용국면 15
3. 개별 도시계획수단과의 관계 16
제 3 장
한·미 형태규제 개관 17
제 1 절 한국 도시계획법제상 형태규제 17
I. 도시계획의 법적 규율 17
1. 개요 17
2. 국토기본법과 국토계획법 17
3. 건축경찰법 18
4. 개발사업법 19
5. 기반시설의 설치·관리에 관한 법률 19
6. 지방자치단체의 자치법규 20
7. 기타 관련 법령상의 규제 21
II. 형태규제의 방식과 내용 22
1. 규제의 방식 22
2. 규제의 내용 23
제 2 절 미국 도시계획법제상 형태규제 26
I. 미국의 도시계획법제 개관 26
1. 미국의 법령체계 26
2. 도시계획 관련 법령의 규제체계 28
II. 조닝(Zoning) 기반의 도시계획 31
1. 조닝의 개념 31
2. 조닝제도의 연혁 32
3. 조닝의 종류 35
4. 도시종합계획(Master Plan)과 조닝의 관계 39
III. 미국 도시계획법제상 형태규제 40
1. 개요 40
2. 뉴욕시의 사례 41
3. 마이애미시의 사례 43
4. 휴스턴시의 사례 46
제 3 절 소결: 형태규제의 다양성 47
제 4 장 건축물의 크기규제 48
제 1 절 서설 48
제 2 절 면적규제 49
I. 면적규제의 내용 49
II. 건축단위의 크기 50
1. 건축단위의 의의 50
2. 한국과 미국의 건축단위 규율의 차이 51
III. 건폐율 53
1. 건폐율의 개념과 의의 53
2. 건폐율의 연혁 54
3. 건폐율의 산정 56
4. 건폐율의 규율 체계 58
5. 건폐율의 기능 59
IV. 용적률 60
1. 용적률의 개념과 의의 60
2. 용적률의 연혁 61
3. 용적률의 산정 62
4. 용적률의 기능 63
V. 공지(空地)의 확보를 위한 규제 64
1. 공지의 개념 64
2. 공지의 규제 필요성 65
3. 건축선의 제한 65
4. 대지 안의 공지 66
5. 공지 규제의 문제점 69
제 3 절 높이규제 71
I. 개요 71
II. 수직길이규제 71
1. 절대고제한 71
2. 일조 등의 확보를 위한 높이제한 73
II. 수직길이를 직접 제한하지 않는 높이규제 74
1. 층수규제 74
2. 사선규제와 천공노출면 75
3. 용적률과 건폐율 75
제 4 절 미국의 규제사례와 시사점 76
1. 크기규제의 규제 방식 75
2. 총량규제의 도입 가능성 77
제 5 장 건축물의 형상규제 78
제 1 절 건축물 형상규제의 개념과 의의 78
I. 형상규제의 의의 78
II. 형상규제의 개념 79
1. 개념정의 79
2. 형상규제와 크기규제의 관계 79
제 2 절 형상규제의 내용 81
I. 환경적 요소에 관한 규제 81
1. 규제의 목적 81
2. 주변환경과의 조화 81
3. 관련 도시계획 및 상위계획과의 관계 84
II. 심미적 요소에 관한 규제 85
1. 심미규제 85
2. 경관규제 86
III. 기능적 요소에 관한 규제 87
제 3 절 미국의 형태기반코드(Form-Based Codes) 검토87
1. 형태기반코드의 도입 배경 87
2. 형태기반 규제의 특성 88
제 6 장 결론 90
참고문헌 91
Abstract 94석
Efficient Jacobian-Based Inverse Kinematics With Sim-to-Real Transfer of Soft Robots by Learning
No full textThis article presents an efficient learning-based method to solve the <italic>inverse kinematic</italic> (IK) problem on soft robots with highly nonlinear deformation. The major challenge of efficiently computing IK for such robots is due to the lack of analytical formulation for either forward or inverse kinematics. To address this challenge, we employ neural networks to learn both the mapping function of forward kinematics and also the Jacobian of this function. As a result, Jacobian-based iteration can be applied to solve the IK problem. A sim-to-real training transfer strategy is conducted to make this approach more practical. We first generate a large number of samples in a simulation environment for learning both the kinematic and the Jacobian networks of a soft robot design. Thereafter, a sim-to-real layer of differentiable neurons is employed to map the results of simulation to the physical hardware, where this sim-to-real layer can be learned from a very limited number of training samples generated on the hardware.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Materials and ManufacturingMechatronic Desig
Alpha particle spectroscopy using FNTD and SIM super-resolution microscopy
No full textStructured illumination microscopy (SIM) for the imaging of alpha particle tracks in fluorescent nuclear track detectors (FNTD) was evaluated and compared to confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). FNTDs were irradiated with an external alpha source and imaged using both methodologies. SIM imaging resulted in improved resolution, without increase in scan time. Alpha particle energy estimation based on the track length, direction and intensity produced results in good agreement with the expected alpha particle energy distribution. A pronounced difference was seen in the spatial scattering of alpha particles in the detectors, where SIM showed an almost 50% reduction compared to CLSM. The improved resolution of SIM allows for more detailed studies of the tracks induced by ionising particles. The combination of SIM and FNTDs for alpha radiation paves the way for affordable and fast alpha spectroscopy and dosimetry. Journal compilatio
A simple disc wind model for broad absorption line quasars
No full textApproximately 20 per cent of quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) exhibit broad, blue-shifted absorption lines in their ultraviolet spectra. Such features provide clear evidence for significant outflows from these systems, most likely in the form of accretion disc winds. These winds may represent the ‘quasar’ mode of feedback that is often invoked in galaxy formation/evolution models, and they are also key to unification scenarios for active galactic nuclei (AGN) and QSOs. To test these ideas, we construct a simple benchmark model of an equatorial, biconical accretion disc wind in a QSO and use a Monte Carlo ionization/radiative transfer code to calculate the ultraviolet spectra as a function of viewing angle. We find that for plausible outflow parameters, sightlines looking directly into the wind cone do produce broad, blue-shifted absorption features in the transitions typically seen in broad absorption line (BAL) QSOs. However, our benchmark model is intrinsically X-ray weak in order to prevent overionization of the outflow, and the wind does not yet produce collisionally excited line emission at the level observed in non-BAL QSOs. As a first step towards addressing these shortcomings, we discuss the sensitivity of our results to changes in the assumed X-ray luminosity and mass-loss rate, Ṁwind. In the context of our adopted geometry, Ṁwind ∼ Ṁacc is required in order to produce significant BAL features. The kinetic luminosity and momentum carried by such outflows would be sufficient to provide significant feedback
Connecticut State Innovation Model (SIM); Proposed framework--revised 4/30/19
No full text1 online resource (32 pages) : color illustrationsFinal version; "This report was prepared by Health Management Associates (HMA), a leading independent national research and consulting firm"--Page 3; "The project described was supported by Funding Opportunity Number CMS-1G1CMS331630-02-00 from the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services."; "Approved June 2019."; Includes bibliographical reference
Old Brisbane Botanic Gardens: Conservation Plan Review 2005, Report of Stage 1 Heritage Significance and Conservation Policies
No full textReport for City Design, for Environment and Parks, within the Brisbane City Council.\ud
\ud
Context of this Project\ud
\ud
A Conservation Study for the Old Brisbane Botanic Gardens,\ud
formerly called the Brisbane City Botanic Gardens, was finalised in\ud
1995 and prepared by Jeannie Sim for the Landscape Section of\ud
Brisbane City Council, the same author of the present report. This\ud
unpublished report was the first conservation plan prepared for the\ud
place and it was recommended that it be reviewed in five years\ud
time. That time has arrived finally with the preparation of the 2005\ud
Review. The present project was commissioned by City Design on\ud
behalf of Environment and Parks Section of Brisbane City Council.\ud
\ud
The author has purposely chosen to call the study site the 'Old\ud
Brisbane Botanic Gardens' (OBBG) to differentiate it from the\ud
Brisbane Botanic Gardens, Mt. Coot-tha (BBG-MC), and to\ud
maintain the claim for this original garden to remain as a botanic\ud
garden for Brisbane. This name immediately brings to mind an\ud
association with history, as in the precedent set by the naming of\ud
the nearby 'Old Government House' at Gardens Point
Post-disaster school relocation : a case study of Chinese students’ adjustment after the Wenchuan earthquake
No full textAuthor name used in this publication: Ng, Guat Tin.Author name used in this publication: Sim, Timothy.Accepted ManuscriptPublishedGreen (AAM
dim-sim
No full textThe dim-sim dataset is a collection of user-annotated music similarity triplet ratings used to evaluate music similarity search and related algorithms. Our similarity ratings are linked to the Million Song Dataset (MSD) and were collected for the following paper:
Disentangled Multidimensional Metric Learning for Music Similarity
Jongpil Lee, Nicholas J. Bryan, Justin Salamon, Zeyu Jin, and Juhan Nam.
Proceedings of the International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP). IEEE, 2020.
@inproceedings{Lee2019MusicSimilarity,
title={Disentangled Multidimensional Metric Learning For Music Similarity},
author={Lee, Jongpil and Bryan, Nicholas J. and Salamon, Justin and Jin, Zeyu, and Nam, Juhan},
booktitle={Proceedings of the International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)},
year={2020},
organization={IEEE}
}
We kindly request that articles and other works in which this dataset is used cite the paper as listed above.
Please see our paper or visit https://jongpillee.github.io/multi-dim-music-sim for more information
Measurements of turbulence at stratocumulus top
No full textUsing 1m resolution airborne data from research flights we divide stratocumulus top region into sublayers and characterize properties of turbulence in each sublayer. Results indicate, that there are no clear differences of turbulence properties between thermodynamically different "calassical" and "non-classical" stratocumulus regimes, but there are clear signs of turbulence ainsotropy in stably stratified sublayers in the cloud top region
Mobile Supplicant for SIM Authentication
No full textThis Master’s thesis proposes a solution for utilizing the GSM SIM to authenticate users to distributed services accessed through the mobile terminal. By combining the GSM SIM authentication mechanisms with the EAP-SIM framework we achieve mutual authentication between the parties. By combining the fact that the GSM SIM is a tamper resistant Smart Card, and that users have to present a valid PIN to activate the system, we have also achieved strong two-factor authentication that fulfils the highest security level defined by NIST. The proposed system is secure, easy to use and inexpensive, because most of the components needed already exist in the GSM network today. Existing strong user authentication systems for mobile handsets require several devices to be able to offer secure services. The proposed system only requires one device, namely the mobile handset which the user is carrying anyway. The only user interaction required is typing the PIN. The authors’ major contribution to the proposed system is the Supplicant, residing on the mobile handset and communicating with the SIM through the SATSA-APDU interface. By running the Supplicant as a local proxy on the mobile handset, it is able to communicate with all kinds of client applications supporting HTTP, e.g. mobile browsers, J2ME MIDlets and native applications. A prototype implementing several of the components in the proposed system has been developed. Unfortunately, due to several reasons, the prototype cannot be deployed on a real mobile handset today’s date. We are missing the necessarily certificate required to get access to the SIM and neither of today’s mobile handsets support all the functionality needed. However, the prototype has been implemented successfully on a PC running the Wireless Toolkit from Sun, which simulates the SIM environment. Based on results from this thesis, the author has written the paper "A Unified Authentication Solution for Mobile Services". The paper was accepted and published on the ERCIM workshop on eMobility in Coimbra, Portugal, on May 2007
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