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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Transcriptomic Responses of Testis to Aging and Ethanol in Mice
No full textPART I: Transcriptomic Responses of Testis to Aging in Mice
Male reproductive aging, or andropause, is associated with gradual age-related changes in testicular properties, sperm production, and erectile function. The testis, which is the primary male reproductive organ, produces sperm and androgens. To understand the transcriptional changes underlying male reproductive aging, I performed transcriptome analysis of aging testes in mice. A total of 31,386 mRNAs and 9387 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were identified in the mouse testes of diverse age groups (3, 6, 12, and 18 months old) by total RNA sequencing. Of them, 1571 mRNAs and 715 lncRNAs exhibited changes in their levels during testicular aging. Most of these aging-related transcripts exhibited slight and continuous expression changes during aging, whereas some (9.6%) showed larger expression changes. The aging-related transcripts could be classified into diverse expression patterns, in which the transcripts changed mainly at 3-6 months or at 12-18 months. My subsequent in silico analysis provided insight into the potential features of testicular aging-related mRNAs and lncRNAs. I identified testis-specific aging-related transcripts (121 mRNAs and 25 lncRNAs) by comparison with a known testis-specific transcript profile, and then predicted the potential reproduction-related functions of the mRNAs. By selecting transcripts that are altered only between 3 and 18 months, I identified 46 mRNAs and 34 lncRNAs that are stringently related to the terminal stage of male reproductive aging. Some of these mRNAs were related to hormonal regulation. Finally, my in silico analysis of the 34 aging-related lncRNAs revealed that they co-localized with 19 testis-expressed protein-coding genes, 13 of which are considered to show testis-specific or -predominant expression. These nearby genes could be potential targets of cis-regulation by the aging-related lncRNAs. Collectively, my results identify a number of testicular aging-related mRNAs and lncRNAs in mice and provide a basis for the future investigation of these transcripts in the context of aging-associated testicular dysfunction.
PART II: Transcriptomic Responses of Testis to Ethanol in Mice
Alcohol consumption is widely known to have detrimental effects on various organs and tissues. The effects of ethanol on male reproduction have been studied at the physiological and cellular levels, but no systematic study has examined the effects of ethanol on male reproduction-related gene expression. I employed a model of chronic ethanol administration using the Lieber-DeCarli diet. Ethanol-fed mice showed normal testicular and epididymal integrity, and sperm morphology, but decreased sperm count. Total RNA sequencing analysis of testes from ethanol-fed mice showed that a small fraction (∼ 2%) of testicular genes were differentially expressed in ethanol-fed mice and that, of these genes, 28% were cell-type specific in the testis. Various in silico analyses were performed, and gene set enrichment analysis revealed that sperm tail structure-related genes, including forkhead box J1 (Foxj1), were down-regulated in testes of ethanol-fed mice. Consistent with this result, ethanol- fed mice exhibited decreased sperm motility. This study provides the first comprehensive transcriptomic profiling of ethanol-induced changes in the mouse testis, and suggests gene expression profile changes as a potential mechanism underlying ethanol-mediated reproductive dysfunction, such as impaired sperm motility.|Part I. 생쥐에서의 노화에 따른 정소 전사체 반응
남성 생식 노화 (Andropause)는 정소의 구조 및 기능 변화, 정자 생성 감소, 발기 기능 저하 등과 관련된 점진적인 생리적 변화로 정의된다. 본 연구에서는 생쥐 고환의 연령별 전사체 분석을 통해 생식 노화에 수반되는 전사적 변화를 규명하고자 하였다. RNA 시퀀싱을 통해 3, 6, 12, 18 개월령 생쥐 정소에서 31,386 개의 mRNA 와 9387 개의 긴 비암호화 RNA (lncRNA)를 동정하였으며, 이 중 1571 개의 mRNA 와 715 개의 lncRNA 가 연령에 따라 유의한 발현 변화를 보였다. 대부분의 노화 관련 전사체는 작고 점진적인 발현 변화 양상을 보였으나, 약 9.6%는 뚜렷한 변화 폭을 나타냈다. 발현 패턴 분석을 통해 이들 전사체는 3–6 개월 또는 12–18 개월 구간에서 주요한 변화를 보이는 군으로 분류되었다. 이어진 in silico 분석을 통해 정소 특이적 전사체와의 비교를 통해 노화 관련 정소 특이 전사체(121 개 mRNA, 25 개 lncRNA)를 규명하였고, 일부는 생식 기능 조절과 관련된 기능을 가질 것으로 예측되었다. 특히, 3 개월과 18 개월 사이에서만 변화하는 전사체를 기준으로 노화와 연관된 mRNA(46 개)와 lncRNA(34 개)를 선별하였으며, 일부는 호르몬 조절에 관여하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 노화 관련 lncRNA 중 34 개는 정소 특이적으로 발현되는 단백질 코딩 유전자(19 개)에 가까이 위치 (co-localize)하며, 이들 중 13 개는 cis-조절의 잠재적 표적일 수 있음을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 정소 노화와 관련된 전사체 네트워크를 포괄적으로 제시하며, 남성 생식 기능 저하의 분자적 기전을 이해하는 데 기초 자료를 제공한다.
Part II. 생쥐에서의 에탄올 급여에 따른 정소 전사체 반응
알코올 섭취는 다양한 장기와 조직에 해로운 영향을 미치는 것으로 널리 알려져 있다. 에탄올이 남성 생식에 미치는 영향은 생리학적 및 세포 수준에서 여러 차례 연구되었지만, 생식 관련 유전자 발현에 미치는 영향을 체계적으로 분석한 연구는 없었다. 본 연구에서는 Lieber-DeCarli 식이법을 이용한 만성 에탄올 급여 모델을 사용하였다. 에탄올을 투여받은 마우스는 정소과 부정소의 구조적 이상은 없었으며, 정자 형태 역시 정상이었으나 정자 수는 감소하였다. 에탄올 급여 마우스의 정소에 대해 수행한 RNA 시퀀싱 분석 결과, 정소 유전자 중 약 2% 정도만이 차등 발현되었으며, 이 중 28%는 정소 내의 세포 특이 발현 유전자였다. 다양한 in silico 분석을 수행한 결과, 유전자 집합 풍부도 분석 (GSEA)에서 Foxj1 을 포함한 일부 정자 꼬리 구조 관련 유전자의 발현이 감소됨이 확인되었다. 이러한 결과에 부합하게, 에탄올 급여 마우스는 정자 운동성 감소를 보였다. 본 연구는 에탄올 급여에 따른 정소 전사체 변화를 포괄적으로 규명한 최초의 연구로서, 에탄올로 인한 생식 장애, 특히 정자 운동성 저하의 잠재적 기전으로서 유전자 발현 변화의 가능성을 제시한다.DoctorABSTRACT ⅰ
CONTENTS iii
LIST OF FIGURES v
LIST OF TABLES vii
PART I. Transcriptomic Responses of Testis to Aging in Mice
1. INTRODUCTION 2
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 4
2. 1. Animals and RNA preparation 4
2. 2. Total RNA sequencing 4
2. 3. Tissue expression estimation 4
2. 4. Investigating the potential features of aging-related transcripts 5
3. RESULTS 6
3. 1. Identification of mRNAs and lncRNAs in mouse testes during aging 6
3. 2. Global expression and transcriptomic features of mRNAs and lncRNAs expressed in mouse testes
during aging 6
3. 3. Aging-related expression patterns of mRNAs and lncRNAs 7
3. 4. Testis-specific expression of aging-related mRNAs and lncRNAs 8
3. 5. Potential features of aging related transcripts showing changes between 3M and 18M 9
3. 6. Potential cis-regulatory targets of aging-related lncRNAs 9
4. DISCUSSION 64
PART II. Transcriptomic Responses of Testis to Ethanol in Mice
1. INTRODUCTION 68
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 70
2. 1. Animals 70
2. 2. Ethanol administration 70
2. 3. Total RNA sequencing 70
2. 4. Histological analysis of testis and liver 71
2. 5. Sperm motility analysis with OpenCASA 71
2. 6. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR 71
3. RESULTS 72
3. 1. Effect of ethanol administration on male reproductive tissues 72
3. 2. Transcriptomic analysis of testes from ethanol-fed mice 72
3. 3. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of testes from ethanol-fed mice 73
3. 4. Motility of sperm from ethanol-fed mice 74
4. DISCUSSION 116
REFERENCES 119
ABSTRACT IN KOREAN 123
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 125
CURRICULUM VITAE 12
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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