1,721,004 research outputs found
Auditory processing in infancy: do early abnormalities predict disorders of language and cognitive development?
No full textIncreasing attention has been devoted to the maturation of sensory processing in the first year of life. While the development of cortical visual function has been thoroughly studied, much less information is available on auditory processing and its early disorders. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the assessment techniques for early auditory processing. While otoacoustic emissions and auditory brainstem responses are well-established tools for neonatal screening of hearing loss, there have been less consistent results for neurophysiological assessments of central auditory processing in clinical practice. Early auditory event-related potentials could provide valuable diagnostic information, but their use as a possible clinical screening method is still limited and should be further assessed. Behavioural tests are few and are greatly needed in young infants as they could provide a more easily used tool for detecting the preconditions of early cerebral auditory impairment
Assistenza scolastica (diritto allo studio)
No full textSi ricostruisce la storia della materia "assistenza scolastica", cercando di dimostrare come, a seguito della riforma del Titolo V della Costituzione, essa non debba ritenersi attratta nella diversa materia "istruzione"
Sistema di elezione
No full textL'articolo commenta l'art. 122 Cost. e gli altri articoli rilevanti ai fini della identificazione della competenza legislativa regionale in tema di sistema di elezione degli organi regionali, anche analizzando i livelli di competenza della legge statale e dello statuto regionale. Esamina quindi la giurisprudenza costituzionale e la legislazione vigente in materia
Outlining a core neuropsychological phenotype for Dravet syndrome
No full textAn up-to-date review on neuropsychological phenotypes in Dravet syndrome is reported. After recalling the results of various though not numerous studies in the literature, primarily retrospectively, the hypothesis of an original neuropsychological phenotype in Dravet syndrome is presented, consisting of a defect in sensorimotor integration, especially of visuoconstructive abilities. That is particularly evident in the less impaired patients and in the first several years of life. This core phenotype is eventually considered inside the analysis of the etiological multifactorial origin of the cognitive decline, which is especially expressed by the encephalopathy/channelopathy controversy
Long-term Cognitive Outcome, Brain Computed Tomography Scan, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Children Cured for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
No full textBACKGROUND: Prevention of meningeal recurrence achieved by intrathecal methotrexate (MTX) and systemic chemotherapy is part of standard acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment. Cranial irradiation has been a routine part of past protocol treatment but is currently reserved only for select subsets of patients. Central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis may cause brain abnormalities such as intracerebral calcifications, cerebral atrophy, and white matter alterations. In addition, long-term neuropsychologic sequelae following CNS prophylaxis have been investigated marginally in children cured for ALL.
METHODS: To explore possible correlations between neuroimaging findings and neuropsychologic outcome, we used detailed cognitive tests to evaluate 21 children with ALL who received cranial irradiation (range, 18-24 Gy) plus intrathecal MTX as CNS prophylaxis. All children were followed prospectively once a year by cerebral computed tomographic scan and magnetic resonance imaging. All patients had continuous complete disease remission for at least 4 years and cognitive tests were performed after neuroradiologic examinations.
RESULTS: White matter abnormalities were associated with poor performance only in a task exploring visual motor integration in about 50% of patients. Intracerebral calcifications correlate with the number of intrathecal MTX doses and with low scores in total intellectual quotient, performance intellectual quotient, and significant impairment in attention and visual motor integration tests. Girls are more vulnerable to the effects of CNS prophylaxis, whereas age at treatment and radiotherapy dose are not relevant to neuropsychologic outcome.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate the need for careful follow-up of children's cognitive abilities because global intellectual measures often fail to detect specific disorders that may cause learning difficulties. Moreover, as the clinical implications of neuroimaging findings are often limited, periodic extensive evaluation by specific neurocognitive tests of mental abilities is recommended to detect early signs of cognitive impairment
Forma di governo (e altre competenze statutarie)
No full textL'articolo commenta l'art. 123 Cost. e gli altri articoli rilevanti al fine di identificare gli oggetti e i compiti di competenza dello statuto regionale, come riformata dalla l. cost. 1/99 e come interpretata alla luce della giurisprudenza costituzionale
Professioni
No full textL'articolo commenta la materia "professioni" nel sistema dell'art. 117 Cost., analizzando in particolare la giurisprudenza costituzionale, la legislazione vigente di livello statale e la legislazione regionale
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