1,721,082 research outputs found
Analisis Perancangan Sistem Perpipaan Bwts Dengan Radiasi Uv Pada Mv Guo Tai Ping An
No full textIMO telah menerapkan aturan untuk kapal yang berlayar rute internasional harus memiliki Ballast Water Treatment System (BWTS). MV Guo Tai Ping An akan melakukan pergantian rute awal domestic menjadi international. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini akan menganalisa secara teknis pemasangan Ballast Water Treatment System (BWTS) pada MV Guo Tai Ping An menggunakan metode radiasi ultraviolet. Radiasi Ultraviolet dinilai lebih efektif dalam membunuh microorganisme yang terkandung dalam air laut dibandingkan metode lainnya. Penelitian ini akan menganalisa secara kebutuhan pompa, Load generator, Yield Strength, efisiensi bahan bakar dan melakukan perancangan system perpipaan air ballast dengan Ballast Water Treatment System (BWTS). Lalu hasil perancangan tersebut akan digunakan untuk simulasi CFD yang hasilnya dibandingkan dengan perhitungan matematis. Setelah dilakukan perhitungan, Head yang dibutuhkan oleh system ballast setelah pemasangan BWTS sebanyak 19.177 m. sedangkan pompa yang terpasang pada MV Guo Tai Ping An sebesar 25.5 m. Load factor kapal saat keadaan Arriving dan departure Setelah terpasang BWTS sebanyak 70%. Yang dimana Generator bekerja secara efektif karena semakin mendekati angka 85%. Untuk perbandingan Head losses perhitungan matematis dan perhitungan simulasi CFD hanya mendapatkan selisih 1 m. dimana perhitungan manual sebanyak 14.052 m dan hasil simulasi sebanyak 13.026 m. secara efisiensi bahan bakar, dengan menggunakan BWTS metode UV akan menurunkan biaya tahunan sebanyak 38%
=====================================================================================================================================
IMO has implemented rules for ships sailing international routes must have a Ballast Water Treatment System (BWTS). MV Guo Tai Ping An will change the route from domestic to international. Therefore this study will technically analyze the installation of the Ballast Water Treatment System (BWTS) at MV Guo Tai Ping An using the ultraviolet radiation method. Ultraviolet radiation is considered more effective in killing microorganisms contained in seawater than other methods. This research will analyze the need for pumps, load generators, Yield Strength, fuel efficiency and design a ballast water piping system with a Ballast Water Treatment System (BWTS). Then the design results will be used for CFD simulations whose results are compared with mathematical calculations. After calculating, the head needed by the ballast system after installing BWTS is 19,177 m. while the pump installed on the MV Guo Tai Ping An is 25.5 m. The ship's load factor when arriving and departing after BWTS is installed is 70%. Which is where the Generator works effectively because it is getting closer to 85%. For comparison of head losses, mathematical calculations and CFD simulation calculations only get a difference of 1 m. where the manual calculation is 14,052 m and the simulation results are 13,026 m. In terms of fuel efficiency, using the BWTS UV method will reduce annual costs by 38%
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
- …
