1,721,135 research outputs found
FIGURE 1 in Sphenocratus xinjiangensis Liang, sp. nov., the first authentic record of the dictyopharid subfamily Orgeriinae (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Dictyopharidae) in China
No full textFIGURE 1. Sphenocratus xinjiangensis Liang, sp. nov. (China: Xinjiang, IZCAS): male, dorsal habitus.Published as part of Liang, Ai-Ping, Song, Zhi-Shun & Jiang, Guo-Mei, 2006, Sphenocratus xinjiangensis Liang, sp. nov., the first authentic record of the dictyopharid subfamily Orgeriinae (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Dictyopharidae) in China, pp. 55-61 in Zootaxa 1296 on page 58, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17354
Exploring health behaviour determinants of ageing Australians with chronic diseases
No full textBackground: Chronic disease presents overwhelming challenges to elderly patients, their families, health care providers and the health care system. The aim of this study was to explore a theoretical model for effective management of chronic diseases, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or cardiovascular disease. The assumed theoretical model considered the connections between physical function, mental health, social support and health behaviours. The study effort was to improve the quality of life for people with chronic diseases, especially type 2 diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease and to reduce health costs. Methods: A cross-sectional post questionnaire survey was conducted in early 2009 from a randomised sample of Australians aged 50 to 80 years. A total of 732 subjects were eligible for analysis. Firstly, factors influencing respondents‘ quality of life were investigated through bivariate and multivariate regression analysis. Secondly, the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) model for regular physical activity, healthy eating and medication adherence behaviours was tested for all relevant respondents using regression analysis. Thirdly, TPB variable differences between respondents who have diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease and those without these diseases were compared. Finally, the TPB model for three behaviours including regular physical activity, healthy eating and medication adherence were tested in respondents with diabetes and/or cardiovascular diseases using Structure Equation Modelling (SEM). Results: This was the first study combining the three behaviours using a TPB model, while testing the influence of extra variables on the TPB model in one study. The results of this study provided evidence that the ageing process was a cumulative effect of biological change, socio-economic environment and lifelong behaviours. Health behaviours, especially physical activity and healthy eating were important modifiable factors influencing respondents‘ quality of life. Since over 80% of the respondents had at least one chronic disease, it was important to consider supporting older people‘s chronic disease self-management skills such as healthy diet, regular physical activity and medication adherence to improve their quality of life. Direct measurement of the TPB model was helpful in understanding respondents‘ intention and behaviour toward physical activity, healthy eating and medication adherence. In respondents with diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease, the TPB model predicted different proportions of intention toward three different health behaviours with 39% intending to engage in physical activity, 49% intending to engage in healthy eating and 47% intending to comply with medication adherence. Perceived behavioural control, which was proven to be the same as self-efficacy in measurement in this study, played an important role in predicting intention towards the three health behaviours. Also social norms played a slightly more important role than attitude for physical activity and medication adherence, while attitude and social norms had similar effects on healthy eating in respondents with diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease. Both perceived behavioural control and intention directly predicted recent actual behaviours. Physical activity was more a volitional control behaviour than healthy eating and medication adherence. Step by step goal setting and motivation was more important for physical activity, while accessibility, resources and other social environmental factors were necessary for improving healthy eating and medication adherence. The extra variables of age, waist circumference, health related quality of life and depression indirectly influenced intention towards the three behaviours mainly mediated through attitude and perceived behavioural control. Depression was a serious health problem that reduced the three health behaviours‘ motivation, mediated through decreased self-efficacy and negative attitude. This research provided evidence that self-efficacy is similar to perceived behavioural control in the TPB model and intention is a proximal goal toward a particular behaviour. Combining four sources of information in the self-efficacy model with the TPB model would improve chronic disease patients‘ self management behaviour and reach an improved long-term treatment outcome. Conclusion: Health intervention programs that target chronic disease management should focus on patients‘ self-efficacy. A holistic approach which is patient-centred and involves a multidisciplinary collaboration strategy would be effective. Supporting the socio-economic environment and the mental/ emotional environment for older people needs to be considered within an integrated health care system
Supply Chain Monitoring Schemes for Echelon WIP Inventory Considering Capacity Limitation
No full text 由於企業競爭日益激烈，企業與其他企業的整合越趨重要，但是每條供應鏈中各成員所擁有的權力大小並不相同，且目標常以自身利潤極大化為主，而不以整條供應鏈之效益極大化為目標，造成供應鏈的績效不佳，且難以進行監控，另外，產能利用率和其他績效因素有交互關係，因此過高或過低的產能利用率對企業皆有不良影響，因此，在考量產能限制下，在以滿足顧客服務水準為目標下，供應鏈中須共享資訊，進行有效整合，提升顧客滿意度以及整體供應鏈效率。
本研究應用層級存貨(Echelon inventory)觀點以及CONWIP系統概念於供應鏈，以建構一供應鏈監控機制。本研究先以達到服務水準目標為前提，考量生產特性和CONWIP控制對在製存貨量的影響，並且探討產能利用率、生產週期以及在製存貨量之間關係，再分別以前端和後端成員為主之角度，建立多層級存貨監控模式，建構最小化供應鏈二層級在製存貨模型；再以遞迴求解以及提高內部層級的服務水準之概念發展之演算法，並在以後端為主之模式中，以二元搜尋法找尋適當的內部服務水準，將二層級的模式擴展至多層級，得到多層級在製存貨上界。且利用求解模型所得到之各層級在製存貨上界作為監控指標，經由模擬驗證本研究所設定的多層級在製存貨監督上界之有效性。經由模擬驗證的結果有下列結論：
(1)藉由本研究提出以遞迴求解發展之演算法，可有效得到多層級的在製存貨上界，以後端為主之供應鏈在製存貨上界略大於以階段觀點得到之上界，以前端為主之供應鏈，則小於以階段為主所得之上界；
(2)相較於過去研究，本研究考量產能之限制下，以層級在製存貨取代階段在製存貨作為監督上界，使整體供應鏈系統能在不增加過多在製存貨量的情況下，得到較佳的服務水準。主要的原因為系統中在製存貨配置之不同，以及利用整體的資訊來進行規劃所致。With fiercer and fiercer competition, the integration among the enterprises is getting more and more important. The power which the members owned in the supply chain is not equal and the goals of the members of supply chain always pursue for their own profits, not the profits of whole supply chain. As a result, this leads to poor performance of supply chain. Besides, capacity utilization effects on some other performance indexes with each other. Too high or low capacity utilization makes negative effects. Therefore, considering capacity limitation, in order to enhance the service levels and improve the performance of the whole supply chain, it is essential for all members to share their information and synchronize their operations.
This research attempts to develop a supply chain monitoring scheme based on the concepts of echelon WIP inventory and CONWIP system. The first step in the proposed scheme is to construct a two-echelon model which takes the features of the production system into consideration with the goal of minimizing the echelon WIP inventory control limits of the supply chain under the service level constraints. Next, the model is extended to a multi-echelon model through raising the service levels of the internal echelons and solving the model iteratively. The algorithm searches the proper internal service level with the concept of binary search. With the resulting echelon WIP inventory control limits from the model, the proposed monitoring scheme has been validated through simulation study.
Based on the simulation validation results, the conclusions are drawn as follows:
(1) By raising the service levels of internal echelons, the proposed scheme can effectively derive the multi-echelon WIP inventory limits, which is lower than the stage-based WIP inventory limits of the supply chain which is predominated by the back-end members but higher than the front-end members;
(2) Compared to the traditional stage-based inventory monitoring scheme, the proposed echelon-based monitoring scheme can obtain a higher service level under the lower inventory levels. This is the result of reallocating of the WIP limits and the utilizing of overall information.中文摘要…………………………………………………………i
英文摘要…………………………………………………………ii
圖目錄…………………………………………………………………vi
表目錄…………………………………………………………………viii
第1章 緒論…………………………………………………………1
1.1. 研究背景 1
1.2. 研究動機 5
1.3. 研究目的 10
1.4. 研究架構 11
1.5. 論文架構 12
第2章 文獻探討……………………………………………………13
2.1. 供應鏈整合 13
2.2. 生產監控指標 15
2.3. 供應鏈層級存貨管理 17
2.4. 產能利用率、生產週期與在至存貨之關係 18
2.5. 小結 21
第3章 模式建構與求解……………………………………………23
3.1. 問題描述 23
3.2. 後端主導之多層級模式 25
3.2.1. 環境描述與條件假設 25
3.2.2. 二層級模式建立 27
3.2.2.1. 符號說明 27
3.2.2.2. 二層級數學模式 28
3.2.3. 二層級模式修正 30
3.2.3.1. 生產週期估計 31
3.2.3.2. 產能利用率與生產週期關係估計 34
3.2.3.3. 考量生產特性及受CONWIP影響之在製存貨量 36
3.2.4. 二層級模式修正結果 42
3.2.5. 二層級模式求解 43
3.2.6. 多層級模式求解 48
3.2.7. 利用求得之在製存貨上界作為監控指標 51
3.3. 前端主導之多層級模式 53
3.3.1. 環境描述與條件假設 53
3.3.2. 二層級模式建立 55
3.3.2.1. 符號說明 55
3.3.2.2. 二層級數學模式 56
3.3.3. 二層級模式求解 59
3.3.4. 利用求得之在製存貨上界作為監控指標 64
第4章 模式驗證及數值範例 65
4.1. 模式驗證 65
4.1.1. 以後端為主之模式 65
4.1.1.1. 環境參數設定及求解設定 65
4.1.1.2. 模式求解 67
4.1.2. 以前端為主之模式 70
4.1.2.1. 環境參數設定及求解設定 70
4.1.2.2. 模式求解 72
4.2. 模擬驗證 75
4.2.1. 模擬設定 75
4.2.2. 層級觀點與階段觀點監督與控制之模擬驗證比較 75
4.2.2.1. 以後端為主之模式 75
4.2.2.2. 以前端為主之模式 77
4.3. 小結 80
第5章 結論與未來研究方向 82
5.1. 研究結論與貢獻 82
5.2. 研究限制與未來研究方向 84
參考文獻………………………………………………………………9
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
FIGURES 2–10 in Sphenocratus xinjiangensis Liang, sp. nov., the first authentic record of the dictyopharid subfamily Orgeriinae (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Dictyopharidae) in China
No full textFIGURES 2–10. Sphenocratus xinjiangensis Liang, sp. nov. (China: Xinjiang, IZCAS): 2. head (ventral view). 3. head and pronotum (lateral view). 4. left fore wing. 5. genitalia (lateral view). 6. pygofer and parameres (ventral view). 7. pygofer and anal tube (dorsal view). 8. aedeagus (ventral view). 10. aedeagus (lateral view). 11. aedeagus (dorsal view).Published as part of Liang, Ai-Ping, Song, Zhi-Shun & Jiang, Guo-Mei, 2006, Sphenocratus xinjiangensis Liang, sp. nov., the first authentic record of the dictyopharid subfamily Orgeriinae (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Dictyopharidae) in China, pp. 55-61 in Zootaxa 1296 on page 59, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17354
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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