1,720,955 research outputs found
Soutenance de thèse de M. Gunsoo Shin : "« Entre Panoptique de J. Bentham et panoptisme de M. Foucault : Architecture pénitentiaire en France 1791-1875 » - 18 avril 2013
No full textCette soutenance de thèse, doctorat discipline architecture, aura lieu le 18 avril 2013 à 10h00, salle des enseignants, bâtiment A, ENSA de Paris- Belleville. Gunsoo Shin est doctorant du laboratoire de recherche ACS XXe - XXIe s. (ENSA Paris-Malaquais) Membres du jury : Mme Monique Eleb professeur honoraire, chercheur laboratoire ACS, Ensa Paris-Malaquais, (directrice de thèse) M. Philippe Artières, directeur de recherche CNRS, EHESS Mme Anne-Marie Châtelet, professeur, ENSA de Strasbourg ..
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Between Panopticon of Jeremy Bentham and panoptism of Michel Foucault : penitentary architecture in the nineteenth century in France
No full textCe travail a pour point de départ l'analyse du Panoptique, tel qu'il fut conçu par Jeremy Bentham dans le cadre d'un projet architectural pénitentiaire et ensuite analysé par Michel Foucault. D'une part, ce projet témoigne de l'émergence d'un type d'architecture conforme à une nouvelle stratégie politique, à savoir la prison moderne, mais aussi, d'autre part, de la genèse d'une technique optique, nommée panoptisme, directement liée à la discipline — en tant que modalité d'application du « pouvoir » — et qui se dévoile peu à peu à travers l'histoire carcérale. Pour Bentham, le panoptique est une technique destinée à être appliquée universellement : Foucault croit en effet à la possible généralisation de ce principe. Néanmoins, les faits viennent, dans un premier temps, contredire cette vocation universelle, puisque le Panoptique de Bentham n'a été réalisé en tant que tel. Cependant, au XIXe siècle, deux éléments du Panoptique se retrouvent au cœur de la plupart des projets de prison et des débats l'entourant : il s'agit de la cellule et du point central d'inspection. La question se transmet de l'absence du schéma originel de Bentham à la réalité du panoptique. Dans cette perspective, cette recherche prend l'étude des causes de l'échec du Panoptique en France, par l'analyse des évolutions qu'y connaît la prison cellulaire, des premiers pas de la peine d'emprisonnement à la fin XVIIIe à l'institutionnalisation définitive du système à la fin XIXe, conformément au cadre théorique du panoptisme de Michel Foucault et non pas du Panoptique stricto sensu.This work has as its starting point the analysis of the panopticon, such as it was conceived by Jeremy Bentham within the framework of a penitentiary architectural project and then analysed by Michel Foucault. On the one hand, this project testifies to the emergence of a kind of architecture in conformity with a new government scheme, namely the modern prison, and on the other hand the genesis of an optical technique, namely panopticism, directly related to discipline – as a mode of enforcement of the “power” – which is revealed little by little through prison history. For Bentham, the panopticon is intended to be applied universally, and Foucault believes indeed in the possible generalization of the panopticism. Nevertheless, the facts initially contradict universal application, since the Panopticon of Bentham was not carried out as such. However, in the 19th century, two elements of the panopticon are found in the majority of prison projects and the debates surrounding them: the cell and the central point of inspection. The question remains as to the later reality of the panoptic form from the absence of Bentham's original diagram. This research analyses the potential causes behind the failure of the Panopticon in France by following the evolution of the cellular prison from the beginning of cellular imprisonment at the end of the 18th century to the institutionalization of the system at the end of the 19th century. This investigation is conducted within the framework of Michel Foucault's panopticism and not that of the panopticon strictosensu
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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