1,721,002 research outputs found
Investigating the mechanical behaviour of the lining system for Raphael's Cartoon “The School of Athens”
No full textLining of canvases and paper artworks is a diffused conservation methodology developed to ensure the safe and long-term preservation of weakened supports. Lining systems are generally constituted by a new supporting material or a package of new materials glued to the original artefact. This paper reports on the study of the mechanical behaviour of four multi-layered paper and canvas composites, proposed as lining systems for a large drawing on paper: the “School of Athens” by Raffaello Sanzio, dated 1508. This masterpiece is the 1:1 preparatory cartoon for the wall-painting in the Vatican rooms. Uniaxial tensile testing has been employed in this study to characterize both the single layer materials and the overall mechanical behaviour of the composites. The mechanical tests have been performed before and after artificial ageing with high humidity regime. The complex testing protocol allowed selecting the best performing composite for the final lining, and to assess a safety threshold in terms of stress value for the framing and display of the restored artwork in the new showcase. The results constitute a quantitative evaluation of the different systems, and therefore they can effectively support the conservators’ activity and methodological choices
MOTRIS microcentralità relazionali nel Mediterraneo. Mappatura dell'offerta di turismo relazionale integrato in Sicilia
No full textOptimisation of the setup of LPR and EIS measurements for the onsite, non-invasive study of metallic artefacts
No full textElectrochemical techniques have been successfully applied in the past as non-destructive techniques to the cultural heritage field. In particular, linear polarisation resistance (LPR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) have been employed for the onsite monitoring of corrosion on metallic works of art, providing valuable results. Such techniques have been successfully adapted from the industrial field for this particular kind of application, but a systematic evaluation of the influence of all experimental settings on the obtained results is still lacking: several factors and parameters can affect the results, and it is important to properly consider their influence for a reliable interpretation of data. Therefore, in this work, the influence of a series of experimental parameters was evaluated in order to obtain a reliable and time-effective setup by performing a series of tests on a bronze artefact. Several variables were considered, with particular attention to those affecting the reproducibility and reliability of the measurements, as well as the duration of each single acquisition. It was demonstrated, in fact, that an optimised experimental setup from the point of view of the duration could improve also reproducibility and reliability of the measurements. The optimised protocol was then adopted in the framework of a diagnostic campaign of the Monumento ai Caduti (War Memorial) of Lecco (IT
Effects of cleaning procedures on the long-term corrosion behavior of bronze artifacts of the cultural heritage in outdoor environment
Full text linkThe cleaning of metallic artworks is a crucial step for their preservation. Cleaning operations generally aim at removing deposits and corrosion layers, and all the non-stable and potentially reactive phases formed as a consequence of the interaction of the metal with the environment. Thus, all secondary-formed compounds and layers that can undermine the overall preservation of the artwork, both from the esthetic and the corrosion point of view, should be removed. On the other hand, superficial stable patinas contributing to the artistic and historic value of the objects and that may provide protection to the metallic surface should be preserved. The optimal cleaning procedure should be able to promote a long-term improvement of the corrosion resistance of the surfaces. Therefore, the long-term monitoring of the corrosion behavior of the cleaned surfaces with electrochemical techniques could provide valuable information for the selection of the optimal methodology. In this work, five cleaning procedures have been applied to five bronze sculptures. The cleaned surfaces have been characterized following a multi-analytical and non-invasive approach, and the long-term evolution of their corrosion behavior has been monitored by means of on-site non-invasive linear polarization resistance (LPR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements for more than 2 years
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Integrated studies for the enhancement of complex historic monuments
Full text linkIl contributo propone una lettura integrata di dati storici riversati su rilievo a laser scanning di architetture complesse (casi della Cattedrale e della Torre Pisana nel Palazzo Reale di Palermo) al fine di costituire una banca-dati che possa gestire una grande massa di informazioni da utilizzare per finalità turistico-culturali o per progettare interventi di restauro
Photographing the past: using cloud computing and photo-modelling for 3D historical architecture modelling
No full textHistorical architecture often features very detailed elements that are frequently characterized by complex ornamentation, such as capitals, vaulted arches, portals, mouldings etc. Modelling such highly detailed surfaces with traditional software packages can be a very difficult and time-consuming task.
This poster discusses the combined use of two software applications to integrate traditional three-dimensional reconstructions of historical architecture and 3D models generated by semi-automatic photo-modelling.
Two famous churches in Ravenna were used for the case studies: San Giovanni Evangelista and Spirito Santo.
These churches are two outstanding examples of early Christian architecture in Ravenna; built between the 5th and the 6th centuries, they feature excellent examples of the key elements of religious architecture of late antiquity and the medieval period.
The aim of the study was to document the modifications made to these churches through the centuries by means of a three-dimensional reconstruction that was chiefly created with the combined use of two open-source software programs: Blender was used to recreate the main structures such as walls, apses, roofs and windows, and Autodesk 123D Catch® was chosen to generate 3D textured models of the most detailed parts: capitals, portals, decorated columns and the ambo of Spirito Santo. The success of this technique demonstrates that the use of a hybrid workflow can simplify the generation of complex shapes, increase the level of detail, and speed up the whole modelling process
Fruition and valorisation of disused manufacturing settlements: the "tonnare" of the Gulf of Castellammare case-studies. The Gulf of Castellammare: spread, decay and typological analysis of local "tonnare"
No full textThe issue about enhancement, fruition and management of manufacturing settlements, obsolete in relation with technological developments is not new and stands still at the centre of a heated debate, full of causes for reflection. Buildings assigned to fishing, processing and conservation of tuna (called tonnare) are emblematic. Process of decay involved Castellammare territory, in Sicily, wich is characterized by the presence of many artefacts
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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