1,721,186 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Top-Down Policy Risk Assessment
No full textÁdám B, Molnár Á, Guliš G, et al. Top-Down Policy Risk Assessment. In: Guliš G, Mekel O, Ádám B, Cori L, eds. Assessment of Population Health Risks of Policies. New York, NY: Springer New York; 2014: 37-130.The primary aim of the Risk Assessment from Policy to Impact Dimension (RAPID) 2009–2012 EU project was to develop a methodological guidance for policy risk assessment. The main idea was that the systematic analysis of complex impact schemes requires the description of the “full chain” of causal pathways considering all levels of causality in an integrated manner. The analysis should proceed from the top to the bottom of the causal chain, i.e. from the cause, that is the policy, through health determinants and risk factors to the effect that are health outcomes. The top-down risk assessment approach follows a logical structure that can be readily applied in the risk appraisal phase of policy health impact assessments.
Lessons learned from case studies were used in the RAPID project to achieve the goal of developing a methodological model, formulate recommendations, and finally to prepare a unified guidance on top-down full chain assessment of health risks of policies, that can be then pilot tested as applied for the assessment of an international policy. Project partners worked on separate case studies representing diverse topics. The work started with the selection and detailed description of a specific policy. Following this step, each partner identified and characterized the wider determinants of health influenced by the policy and risk factors linked to these determinants. As the final step, health outcomes related to the selected risk factors were assessed. The experiences of case studies allowed for making recommendations on various practical aspects, such as information need and feasibility, integration of quantitative and qualitative assessment elements in specified pathways, and characterization of uncertainty.
This chapter presents short summaries of the case studies. They discuss different topics except the two studies on road safety. However, the policy context is essentially different even for them, as one assesses a new legislation but the other a completed program. The elaboration of the assessment, the understanding of the elements of the causal chain, as well as the use of quantitative methods shows high diversity among the studies. Nevertheless, all case studies provided opportunities to draw valuable conclusions that could be applied in the formulation of a unified guidance
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Impact of financial crisis on selected health outcomes in Europe
No full textBaumbach A, Gulis G. Impact of financial crisis on selected health outcomes in Europe. The European Journal of Public Health. 2014;24(3):399-403.A number of health outcomes were affected by previous financial crises, e. g. suicides, homicides and transport accident mortality. Aim of this study was to analyse the effects of the current financial crisis on selected health outcomes at population level in Europe. Methods: A mixed approach of ecologic and time trend design was applied, including correlation analysis. For eight countries, data on the economic situation (unemployment rate and economic growth) and health indicators (overall mortality, suicide and transport accident mortality) was drawn from EUROSTAT database for 2000-10. Spearman's rank correlation was applied to analyse the influence of social protection on the association between exposure and outcome variables. Results: The financial crisis had no visible effect on overall mortality in any of the eight countries until 2010. Transport accident mortality decreased in all eight countries, in the range of 18% in Portugal to 52% in Slovenia. In contrast, suicide mortality increased in Germany (+5.3%), Portugal (+5.2%), Czech Republic (+7.6%), Slovakia (+22.7%) and Poland (+19.3%). The effect of unemployment on suicide is higher in countries with lower social spending (Spearman's r = -0.83). Discussion: Clear cause-effect relations could not be established owing to the ecological study design and issues concerning data availability. However, there are clear changes in suicide and transport accident mortality after onset of the crisis, and findings are consistent with previous work. As part of this work, a comprehensive framework was developed, which can be applied to analyse health effects of financial crises in more detail
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