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    Chinoiserie in the novels of Robert Hans van Gulik

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    This thesis considers the cultural transactions that occur in Robert Hans van Gulik\u27s Judge Dee stories, a set of Chinese investigative fiction works written by a Dutchman in English. These works are investigated through the interpretive lens of chinoiserie --an extension of Edward Said\u27s Orientalism, named for a design aesthetic that featured the creation of Chinese goods by European artisans who were less interested in closely emulating Chinese styles than in creating fashionable exotica for the domestic market. Chinoiserie investigates the alterations done to foreign cultural products as they are changed to meet the domestic culture\u27s preferences and expectations. The object of this thesis is to explore the ways in which van Gulik\u27s Chinese investigative fiction was adapted to his Western audience by focusing on his presentation of the ideological domains of rationality versus the supernatural and the religious traditions of Buddhism and Daoism. Using his authority as a scholar of Chinese culture, van Gulik wrote these works in opposition to the popular misconception of China. The study demonstrates that van Gulik catered to Western preferences by positioning Judge Dee as a far more rational investigator than was the norm for Chinese investigative fiction, and that van Gulik wrote with Western expectations in mind, replicating in his works the position held on Chinese religions by the Western scholars of his day. In so doing, he disseminated his own conception of China and also demonstrated how removed a work can be from its origins and still be called Chinese

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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