1,720,975 research outputs found
Eosinophilic granuloma of the skull vault: A case report
No full textBackground: Eosinophilic granuloma is the benign form of Langerhans cell histiocytosis, a rare proliferative disorder. Skull osteolytic lesions are quite frequently encountered. Case report: We report the case of a 16 year old boy who was admitted to our Department with a painful swelling left frontal mass. A diagnosis of eosinophilic granuloma was presumed on the basis of the neuroradiological findings. Surgical removal of the lesion was achieved and the bone defect reconstructed by autologous fibrin glue and a titanium mesh. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis. Conclusion: Although uncommon, eosinophilic granuloma should be considered in the differential diagnosis in case of an osteolytic calvarial lesion
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Learning curve in surgical treatment of odontoid fixation for a series of type II C2 fractures
No full textThe craniovertebral junction (CVJ) is a complex anatomical area upon which most of the motion of the upper cervical spine depends [1]. Because of its unique range of motion, the CVJ is subject to several types of traumatic injury; it has been shown that odontoid fractures are the most common ones in the general population and are the most common isolated spinal fractures [2]. Accounting for up to 18% of all cervical fractures, odontoid fractures are the most common ones in elderly patients [3], in whom they account for up to 60% of spinal cord injuries [4]
Role of inflammation and oxidative stress mediators in gliomas
Full text linkGliomas are the most common primary brain tumors of the central nervous
system. Despite relevant progress in conventional treatments, the prognosis of such tumors
remains almost invariably dismal. The genesis of gliomas is a complex, multistep process
that includes cellular neoplastic transformation, resistance to apoptosis, loss of control of
the cell cycle, angiogenesis, and the acquisition of invasive properties. Among a number of
different biomolecular events, the existence of molecular connections between
inflammation and oxidative stress pathways and the development of this cancer has been
demonstrated. In particular, the tumor microenvironment, which is largely orchestrated by
inflammatory molecules, is an indispensable participant in the neoplastic process,
promoting proliferation, survival and migration of such tumors. Proinflammatory
cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta, and interferon-gamma, as
well as chemokines and prostaglandins, are synthesized by resident brain cells and
lymphocytes invading the affected brain tissue. Key mediators of cancer progression
include nuclear factor-kappaB, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and specific
microRNAs. The collective activity of these mediators is largely responsible for a
pro-tumorigenic response through changes in cell proliferation, cell death, cellular
senescence, DNA mutation rates, DNA methylation and angiogenesis. We provide a
general overview of the connection between specific inflammation and oxidative stress
pathway molecules and gliomas. The elucidation of specific effects and interactions of
these factors may provide the opportunity for the identification of new target molecules
leading to improved diagnosis and treatment
Clinical and radiological features of Forestier's disease presenting with dysphagia
Full text linkBackground: Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH), also known as Forestier's disease, is a rheumatologic condition characterized by ossification of the spinal ligaments and tendons. Large anterior osteophytes are typically present in the lower cervical levels, while upper cervical ossification resulting in dysphagia is very rare. Methods: Here, we presented a patient with Forestier's disease involving massive ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament extending from C3 to C4 downward contributing to severe dysphagia. Results: A 65‐year‐old male presented with cervical pain and dysphagia. The computed tomography of the cervical spine demonstrated massive anterior longitudinal ligament ossification (DISH) extending from C3 to C7. There was an additional large osteophyte at the C3‐C4 level, and also a high‐grade intracanalicular C6‐C7 cervical stenosis due to ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. The patient was offered surgical intervention (e.g., resection of the C3‐C7 anterior DISH and anterior cervical discectomy/fusion at the C6‐C7 level), but he declined. Conclusions: When conservative management fails to resolve severe dysphagia for cervical DISH/Forestier's disease, anterior surgical resection is typically performed. In this case, the patient refused surgery and opted for conservative management strategies
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Never say never again: A bone graft infection due to a hornet sting, thirty-nine years after cranioplasty
Full text linkBackground: Cranioplasty (CP) is a widespread surgical procedure aimed to restore skull integrity and physiological cerebral hemodynamics, to improve neurological functions and to protect the underlying brain after a life-saving decompressive craniectomy (DC). Nevertheless, CP is still burdened by surgical complications, among which early or late graft infections are the most common outcome-threatening ones. Case Description: We report the case of 48-year-old man admitted to our neurosurgical unit because of a painful right frontal swelling and 1-week purulent discharge from a cutaneous fistula. He had been undergone frontal CP because of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) when he was 9-year-old. Since then, his medical history has been being unremarkable without any surgical or infective complication of the graft for 39 years, until he was accidentally stung by a hornet in the frontal region. After the CT scan and laboratory findings had evidenced a probable infection of the graft, the patient was treated by vancomycin and cefepime before he underwent surgical revision of its former CP, with the removal of the graft and the debridement of the surgical field. Subsequent bacteriological tests revealed Staphylococcus aureus as causal agent of that infection. Conclusion: This case illustrates an anecdotal example of very late CP infection, due to an unpredictable accident. Due to lack of consensus on risk factors and on conservative or surgical strategy in case of graft infection, we aimed to share our surgical experience
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