203,758 research outputs found
Fruktmögel eller gul monilia
No full textFruktmögel eller gul monilia på äpple och päron (eng. Europeanbrown rot) orsakas av svampen Monilia fructigena, vilket är svampens konidiestadium. Svampens könliga stadium är Monilinia fructigena syn. Sclerotinia fructigena. Fruktmögel på Prunus, t. ex. plommon, körsbär, persika kan i Europa orsakas av två Moniiia-arter som är mycket närbesläktade med varandra, M. fructigena och M. laxa. I Norge och i flera andra länder i Europa anses M. laxa vara den vanligast förekommande orsaken till fruktmögel på plommon och körsbär. Vad som gäller I Sverige är inte klarlagt. Svampen M. laxa är hos oss mest känd som orsak till blom- och gren torka, främst på Prunus. Se faktablad 7 4 T. Fruktmögel angriper i första hand frukter och då frukter där skalet har skadats
Kjemisk og biologisk karakterisering av ekstrakter fra forskjellige typer løk, Allium cepa subspp. : Gul løk (vanlig), rød løk og gul løk (mild)
No full textAllium cepa L., løk, har en lang tradisjon innen folkemedisinen og mat. Løkens innhold av lavmolekylære substanser og frukto-oligosakkarider er noe undersøkt, men det er ikke utført studier på høymolekylære pektintype polysakkarider fra løk.
I denne oppgaven ble gul løk (vanlig), rød løk og gul løk (mild) studert. Disse ble ekstrahert med diklormetan, 96 % etanol, 50 % etanol, 50 ºC vann og 100 ºC vann. Ved hjelp av gelfiltrering ble høymolekylære stoffer skilt fra lavmolekylære stoffer. Videre ble det benyttet ionebytterkromatografi for å separere sure- og nøytrale polysakkarider. Ekstraksjon, isolering og opprensing av de tre løkene resulterte i 12 råekstrakt og 47 fraksjoner.
Monosakkaridinnhold i ekstrakter og fraksjoner ble bestemt ved hjelp av metanolyse, TMS-derivatisering og gasskromatografisk analyse. Dette er en kvalitativ og kvantitativ bestemmelse. Generelt viste løkekstraktene og fraksjonene høyt prosentvis innhold av galaktose og galakturonsyre, med noen unntak. Alle fraksjonene inneholdt i tillegg arabinose og rhamnose. Analysen av monosakkaridsammensetningen tyder på innhold av pektintype polysakkarider. En spennende observasjon var at G(v)-50-I-1, R-50-I-1, G(m)-50-I-1 og R-100-II-1 skilte seg fra alle de andre vannfraksjonene ved at de inneholdt en prosentvis liten andel galakturonsyre. Disse fraksjonene inneholdt prosentvis mer mannose og glukose, i tillegg til mye galaktose sammenlignet med alle andre vannfraksjoner. I tillegg var de nevnte fire fraksjoner av de som hadde høyest komplementfikserende aktivitet.
Alle 96 % etanolekstrakter fra de tre løktypene og 50 % etanolekstraktet fra gul løk (mild) viste innhold av fri glukose og fruktose. 50 % etanolekstrakter fra gul løk (vanlig) og rød løk, i tillegg til alle 50 ºC og 100 ºC vannekstrakter fra de ulike løkene, viste innehold frukto-oligosakkarider i varierende grad.
Råekstrakter og isolerte fraksjoner fra de ulike løkene ble testet for komplementfikserende aktivitet. Resultatene viste at 4 fraksjoner fra gul løk (vanlig), 2 fraksjoner fra rød løk og 5 fraksjoner fra gul løk (mild) hadde en høyere komplementfikserende aktivitet enn standarden PM II. Alle råekstrakter ble i tillegg testet for CYP-hemmende effekt. Resultatene fra denne testen viste at etanolekstraktene fra gul løk (vanlig), rød løk og gul løk (mild) hadde høyere CYP-hemmende effekt enn vannekstraktene. Råekstraktene ble også testet for antimikrobiell aktivitet ved agar-diffusjon. Resultatene viste at 96 % etanolekstraktene fra de ulike
løktypene reduserte veksten av P. aeruginosa noe. Alle testene må bekreftes med flere studier
Temnothorax kashmirensis Bharti & Gul & Schulz 2012, sp. n.
No full textTemnothorax kashmirensis sp. n. (Figs 4–9) Holotype worker – India, Kashmir, Dara, 34.187N, 74.930E, 2130 m a.s.l., 15.xii.2011 (deposited in PUPAC); Paratypes: 15 workers same data as holotype (deposited in CAS, PUPAC, SMNK); 9 workers India, Himachal Pradesh, Manali, 32.2310N, 77.1910E, 1845 m a.s.l., 17.vi.2010, hand collecting (coll. Irfan Gul) (deposited in PUPAC); 6 workers, 1 queen, Kullu Valley, vic. Kalath, 1700–1800 m a.s.l., 02.x.1996, (coll. Andreas Schulz) (deposited in PCAS, PUPAC). Worker measurements – TL 2.5–3.3 (3.0); HL 0.63–0.72 (0.70); HW 0.51–0.58 (0.56); SL 0.47–0.56 (0.55); PW 38–43 (0.40); WL 0.67–0.77 (0.77); PL 0.24–0.30 (0.26); PH 0.16–0.20 (0.20); PPL 0.19–0.23 (0.23); GL 0.73–1.24 (1.02); PSL 0.080–0.16 (0.13); FCD 0.18–0.20 (0.20); EL 0.12–0.18 (0.18); PEW 0.14–0.17 (0.17) n = 31. Head – Longer than broad [CI= 121–125 (122)]; in full face view, posterior margin of head feebly convex; occipital corners less marked than in Temnothorax himachalensis sp. n., moderately round; lateral sides weakly convex; anterior clypeal margin broadly rounded; eyes large, situated about the middle on the sides of the head; mandibles triangular, the masticatory margin with 5 prominent teeth; antennae 12 segmented, scape fairly long, almost reaching posterior margin of head [SI1 = 74–80 (78), SI2 = 92–99 (98)]. Mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole – In profile, mesosoma with weakly convex promesonotal dorsum; metanotal groove shallow, less distinct; humeri in dorsal view rounded; propodeal spines almost cylindrical, apices oblique, long, as long as what approximately is the distance between their bases [PSLI = 15–28 (23)]; petiolar node longer than high with somewhat long anterior peduncle; petiolar node in profile with steep and very slightly concave anterior face and flat to convex dorsum; postpetiolar node as high as petiole with rounded dorsum and wider than petiole. Gaster – Ovate, smooth and shiny. Sculpture – Head smooth, except for scattered punctures and longitudinal irregular rugae on genae which run up to the front of eyes and a few rugulae between the frontal carinae; mandibles distinct rugulose; clypeus with a few longitudinal rugae; mesosoma reticulate, rugulose, all over except for the posterodorsal part of pronotum, dorsum of mesonotum and metanotal where the sculpture is indistinct; scattered punctuation all over mesosoma; petiole and postpetiole finely microreticulated and rugulose; petiolar node dorsum circled with distinct carinae (carinae less distinct in some specimens); gaster smooth and shining. Pilosity – Body covered with suberect to erect blunt hairs, more abundant on gaster; shorter subdecumbent hairs on antennae and legs; decumbent pubescent hairs on antennae and legs, more dense on antennal funiculus. Colour – The species is bicoloured, with the light to dark brown head and gaster and yellowish to reddish yellow mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole; mandibles, antennae and legs yellowish to brown; pilosity yellowish white. 8 10 Queen measurements – TL 3.46; HL 0.70; HW 0.66; SL 0.54; PW 0.64; WL 1.12; PL 0.31; PH 0.24; PPL 0.30; GL 1.03; PSL 0.12; PSLI 18; CI 106; SI1 77; SI2 81; FCD 0.21; EL 0.21; PEW 0.22 n = 1. Resembles the worker, with modifications expected for caste and the following differences: Body massive, more hairy; head longitudinally rugose and reticulated, the rugae covering genae, antennal sockets, whole frontal area except the space in between the frontal carinae and ocelli; clypeus with a few longitudinally rugae placed wide apart; eyes large, three prominent ocelli present; mesosoma weakly longitudinally rugose on dorsum, rugulose on sides with some patches smooth; propodeal spines more or less triangular; petiole, postpetiole with a few rugulae, distinct carinae circling round the petiole dorsum; hairs of varying lengths cover entire body; mesosoma with scutellum at the same level as of the scutum; scutum with a few less distinct rugae, scutellum smooth, propodeal declivity very steep; petiolar node dorsum flat, postpetiole broad; gaster long and thick; colour slightly darker than in workers and irregular. Distribution and habitat – The species has been collected from North-West Himalaya, in Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh. The species inhabits moderately wet and lighted coniferous forests with scarce undergrowth and nests mainly under stones. Etymology – The species is named after the type locality, Kashmir. Remarks – Temnothorax kashmirensis sp. n. is significantly different from all known Himalayan species due to following combination of characters: Head smooth; mesosoma coarsely sculptured; spines long, cylindrical, apices oblique. However, it is somewhat allied to Temnothorax fultonii (FOREL, 1902), which is a bicoloured species, with the head smooth without any distinct sculpture but can be easily differentiated from it by the longer propodeal spines (PSLI = 15–28) and distinct sculpture on mesosoma. In case of Temnothorax fultonii the propodeal spines are much shorter (PSLI = 9–11) and the mesosoma is much smoother.Published as part of Bharti, H., Gul, I. & Schulz, A., 2012, Three New Species Of Genus Temnothorax (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) From Indian Himalayas With A Revised Key To The Indian Species, pp. 325-336 in Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 58 (4) on pages 329-331, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.573595
Evaluation of the antioxidative properties of N -acylamino-substituted tricyclic imides
No full textNew N-acylamino-substituted tricyclic imides have been screened for scavenging ability against the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH•), chelating activity on ferrous ions, and reductive potential. The results were compared with synthetic antioxidants BHT, BHA, and Trolox. The compounds exhibited different levels of antioxidant activity in all tests. © 2013 Melek Gul et al
Triple Positive Solutions for M-Point Boundary-Value Problems of Dynamic Equations on Time Scales With P-Laplacian
No full textIn this article we study the existence of positive solutions for m-point dynamic equation on time scales with p-Laplacian. We prove that the boundary-value problem has at least three positive solutions by applying the five functionals fixed-point theorem. An example demonstrates the main results.Abdullah Gul University Foundation of TurkeyThe author would like to thank the anonymous referees and editor for their helpful comments and suggestions. The project is supported by Abdullah Gul University Foundation of Turkey
Sense of virtual community: A conceptual framework and empirical validation
No full textThe sense of virtual community is a principal construct in virtual community research. Therefore understanding it in depth is important for studies of communities-of-practice, virtual collaboration, virtual organization, and other critical organizational and information systems issues. This article conceptualizes and operationalizes the sense of virtual community, and validates several of its antecedents. An analysis of 172 members of 44 virtual communities found that the sense of virtual community is affected by the enthusiasm of the community's leaders, off-line activities available to members, and enjoyability. These characteristics had a stronger impact for members of virtual communities that originated on-line than for those in communities that originated off-line. The implications of the findings and future research directions are discussed
Citizen deliberation and constitutional change
No full textThe significance of citizen participation is increasingly being acknowledged in the context of constitutional change. The chapter will focus on deliberation – in particular, in the guise of citizens’ assemblies – in relation to constitutional reforms. Various processes of constitutional amendment and constitution-making – or more broadly relating to issues of quasi-constitutional standing – have included forms of citizen deliberation. Deliberative democratic practices are situated within the bigger picture of citizen participation in constitutional reforms, and the basics of deliberation introduced, to subsequently examine a number of selected cases of citizen deliberation in processes of constitutional change, regarding exponents, forms of participant selection, site of deliberation, types of deliberation, outcomes, and manifestations of participation in the process. The final section discusses a number of critical issues, including the ad hoc nature of deliberative processes, the issue of how to connect micro-level to macro-level deliberation and issues regarding representation, legitimacy, and empowerment
Dr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States" By M. Carey.
No full text"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States: containing bried sketches of the moral and political character of those states.
By M. Carey, member of the American philosophical, and of the American Antiquarian Society, and author of The Olive Branch, Cindiciae Hibernicae, essays on banking, on political economy, and on internal improvement.
To which are now added the English editor's comments on the subject; together with Important Advice to Emigrants, and Cautions Against Impositions Practiced in the Outports
Information Systems Outsourcing Strategies for Affiliated Firms of the Conglomerate Groups with Respective Group Systems Integration Companies
No full textThis paper reports on Informations Systems(IS) outsourcing strategies for affiliated firms of the Korean conglomerate groups with their own Systems Integration(SI) companies. Integration of the affiliated firms IS departments into a group SI company has been the major trend among the Korean conglomerate groups. Despite the short outsourcing history and the lack of expertise to support customer requirements effectively, SI companies of the conglomerate groups occupy a large share of the Korean IS outsourcing market. It is because of the guaranteed IS outsourcing contracts they secure form their groupsaffiliated firms. From the affiliated firms perspective, however, this arrangement prevents them selecting the best Information Technology (IT) solution provider and potentially undermines their IT-based competition and opportunities. To suggest and appropriate outsourcing strategy for each affiliatd firm, this study introduces two factors-organizations information intensity and group influence index. Using a contingency model based on these factors, we recommend appropriate outsourcing strategies for affiliated firms of the conglomerate groups and verify the model and the recommended strategies through multiple case studies. Results from these case studies support our model in that user satisfaction tends to be higher when a firms current outsourcing strategy matches our recommendation
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