42 research outputs found
Integrating E-vehicle into the power system by the execution of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) terminology — A review
No full textPrecoding in MIMO, OFDM to reduce PAPR (Peak to Average Power Ratio)
No full textOne of the critical issues of systems utilizing Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is the high peak to the average power ratio of OFDM signals. We have used Precoding as a way to mitigate the PAPR problem. Furthermore the performance of Precoded OFDM in fading multi-path channels has been studied. This thesis is based on an efficient technique for reducing the PAPR of OFDM signals. The proposed technique is data-independent and thus, does not require new processing and optimization for each transmitted OFDM block. The reduction in PAPR of the OFDM signal is obtained through a proper selection of a Precoding scheme that distributes the power of each modulated symbol over the OFDM block. The obtained results show that this Precoding scheme is an attractive solution to the PAPR problem of OFDM signals
Precoding in MIMO, OFDM to reduce PAPR (Peak to Average Power Ratio)
No full textOne of the critical issues of systems utilizing Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is the high peak to the average power ratio of OFDM signals. We have used Precoding as a way to mitigate the PAPR problem. Furthermore the performance of Precoded OFDM in fading multi-path channels has been studied. This thesis is based on an efficient technique for reducing the PAPR of OFDM signals. The proposed technique is data-independent and thus, does not require new processing and optimization for each transmitted OFDM block. The reduction in PAPR of the OFDM signal is obtained through a proper selection of a Precoding scheme that distributes the power of each modulated symbol over the OFDM block. The obtained results show that this Precoding scheme is an attractive solution to the PAPR problem of OFDM signals
A quasi-Z-source active neutral point clamped inverter topology employing symmetrical/unsymmetrical boost modulation control scheme for renewable energy resources
No full textThis paper proposes a bipolar quasi-Z-source active neutral point clamped inverter (QZS-ANPCI) topology. It acts as a buck/boost inverter (3-phase, 3-level) to integrate renewable energy resources under their fluctuating DC voltages. We propose a symmetrical/unsymmetrical boost modulation control technique to mitigate the DC-link unbalance voltage problem in an ANPC inverter. This worthwhile control technique exploits voltage-current closedloops on AC and DC sides to regulate the desired parameters. Moreover, the constant boost control (CBC) modulation has provided a switching sequence that generates a symmetrical/unsymmetrical full shoot-through (FST) state for boosting input DC voltage in the proposed inverter. Detailed loss and efficiency analysis is carried out to show its superior performance under the proposed scheme. Furthermore, the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the proposed QZS-ANPCI meets IEEE Standard-519. Simulink/MATLAB (MathWorks, USA) and PSIM (Powersim, USA) software programs are used to simulate the proposed topology. To verify the theoretical proposals and simulation results, we have developed an experimental prototype setup (1 kW). Both simulation results and experimental data show satisfactory agreement and support the theoretical postulates
From Info Seeker to Startup Superhero: How Information Literacy Influences Entrepreneurial Intention and Skills Among Business Students
No full textAbstract
This study examined the effects of information literacy (IL) on entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial skills among business students in Sargodha, Pakistan. A quantitative research design was employed along with a survey method. The data were gathered using a structured and self-administered questionnaire to collect data from a sample of 277 students, recruited through a convenient sampling process. Data analysis involved the application of descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS (Version 21). The results suggested that the business students’ IL levels were not optimal, with no significant differences noted based on age, gender, semester, and academic disciplines. However, IL skills showed a positive correlation with students’ CGPA. The results also showed that IL had a positive effect on entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurial skills. In essence, students with higher levels of IL tended to exhibit better entrepreneurial intention and skills compared to those with lower IL levels. These results inform educators and policymakers in shaping policies and practices for business education in general and entrepreneurial education in particular. This research would be a valuable addition to the existing body of knowledge on IL research in the context of academia in general and business and entrepreneurial education in particular, as a limited number of studies have appeared in the existing literature.Abstract
This study examined the effects of information literacy (IL) on entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial skills among business students in Sargodha, Pakistan. A quantitative research design was employed along with a survey method. The data were gathered using a structured and self-administered questionnaire to collect data from a sample of 277 students, recruited through a convenient sampling process. Data analysis involved the application of descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS (Version 21). The results suggested that the business students’ IL levels were not optimal, with no significant differences noted based on age, gender, semester, and academic disciplines. However, IL skills showed a positive correlation with students’ CGPA. The results also showed that IL had a positive effect on entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurial skills. In essence, students with higher levels of IL tended to exhibit better entrepreneurial intention and skills compared to those with lower IL levels. These results inform educators and policymakers in shaping policies and practices for business education in general and entrepreneurial education in particular. This research would be a valuable addition to the existing body of knowledge on IL research in the context of academia in general and business and entrepreneurial education in particular, as a limited number of studies have appeared in the existing literature
Evaluation of Agroforestry Carbon Storage Status and Potential in Irrigated Plains of Pakistan
No full textThe Kyoto Protocol includes agroforestry practices as a suggested approach for mitigating global atmospheric CO2. Agroforestry systems are a desirable option for mitigating atmospheric CO2, as they provide numerous secondary benefits, including food, fodder, fuel, increased farm income, biodiversity maintenance, and soil conservation. This research was planned to assess the current carbon storage status and future potential of agroforestry systems in Pakistan through a nondestructive approach (allometric equations) in 14 subdivisions (tehsils) of three selected districts located in the irrigated plains of Punjab, Pakistan. A total of 1750 plots of 0.405 ha each were selected in a randomized, unbiased sampling to estimate the total number of trees, tree species diversity, diameters at breast height (DBHs), and tree heights. Soil carbon was also measured at 0–30 cm using the Walkley–Black method in a subset of plots. It was found that the current number of trees in farms in the study area varied from 18 to 51 trees/ha, which can be increased to 42–83 trees/ha if all the farmers plant the maximum permissible number of trees along with their crops. The estimated total tree carbon stock ranged from 0.0003 to 8.79 Mgha−1, with the smallest mean value of 0.39 Mgha−1 for tehsil Faisalabad, and the largest mean value of 1.41 Mgha−1 for tehsil Chiniot. The whole study area had an estimated woody vegetation carbon stock of 950,470 Mg and a soil carbon stock of 22,743,008 Mg. If farmers in the study area all increased tree stocking to their average maximum desired stocking, the total tree carbon stock would more than double to 2,497,261 Mg. These results highlight both the current and potential carbon sequestration potential of agroforestry in Pakistan and can be further used in devising strategies for implementing tree planting programs on agricultural lands and designing future carbon sequestration projects in Pakistan
Effect of Organic Amendments in Soil on Physiological and Biochemical Attributes of <i>Vachellia nilotica</i> and <i>Dalbergia sissoo</i> under Saline Stress
No full textVachellia nilotica (L.) P.J.H. Hurther & Mabb. and Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. are two of the most important multipurpose agroforestry tree species of the Indian sub-continent, but their growth in saline soils is greatly reduced. Recently, organic amendments have showed the potential to increase plant growth in salt-affected soils; however, the influence of using these amendments for growing the above-mentioned tree species under saline conditions is not yet quantified. Therefore, an experiment was devised to analyze the interactive effects of organic amendments in saline soils on the growth of V. nilotica and D. sissoo. Under controlled conditions, a pot experiment was conducted in sandy loam saline soils (EC = 20.5 dSm−1). Organic amendments from four diverse sources: farmyard manure (FYM), poultry manure (PM), slurry (SL), and farmyard manure biochar (FYMB) were employed in this study. At the harvesting time, data regarding morphological, physiological, ionic, and biochemical parameters were obtained. The current study results indicated that both tree species reacted differently, but positively, to diverse applied amendments. The maximum increment in total above-ground biomass, total below-ground biomass, and shoot length for V. nilotica (163.8%, 116.3%, and 68.2%, respectively) was observed in FYM amended soils, while the maximum increment for D. sissoo (128%, 86%, and 107%, respectively) was observed in FYMB amended soils, as compared to control. Minimum plant growth of both species was observed in untreated soils (saline soils). Likewise, the maximum potassium ion and minimum sodium ion concentrations were present in the root and shoots of plants (both species) treated with FYMB. The use of organic amendments resulted in decreased concentrations of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide, and increased concentrations of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, POD, and CAT. Moreover, higher photosynthetic rates and stomatal conductance were observed in the plants grown in amended soils. The findings of this study can be used to include the above-mentioned high-value tree species for future afforestation programs under saline conditions
Author Correction: Proline-mediated redox regulation in wheat for mitigating nickel-induced stress and soil decontamination
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